An Interpretation of the Policy of Health Care in Premature Infants
  
Posted: 2017-03-03
  

      Recently, the National Health and Health Commission issued a "prenatal health care work norms" (hereinafter referred to as "work norms"), the relevant points are explained as follows:
      First, draft the background
      In May 2012, the Global Report on Premature Infants reported that global incidence of preterm birth was> 10%, with an annual increase of 15 million, accounting for 11.1% of global live births, with 1.1 million deaths per year for preterm infants, accounting for 36% of newborn deaths. The World Health Organization recommends that countries take effective measures to reduce the incidence of preterm birth and reduce premature infant mortality and disability rates.
      The incidence of preterm infants in China is about 7.0%, premature birth has become the first cause of death in our baby, preterm children perinatal mortality than normal term children 4-6 times higher. In addition, premature children born, if not timely to take effective comprehensive intervention, its growth and development and nutritional status will be significantly behind the normal term children. The ratio of cerebral palsy, chronic lung disease, visual and auditory defects in premature infants is also significantly higher than in normal term infants. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the norms of early childhood health care work, the implementation of standardized nutrition and development to promote intervention to reduce premature death and disability, improve premature children near-term health status and improve the quality of life.
      Second, the main content
      "Code of Practice" includes six parts. First, define the scope, clear the definition of preterm infants and premature children management content. Second, the job responsibilities, clear the health departments at all levels of health, maternal and child health care institutions, primary health care institutions and other medical institutions. Third, preterm children health management, including preterm children before hospital management, hospital management and post-discharge management and so on. Fourth, quality control, clear the health care at all levels of health management departments, medical institutions, quality control requirements. Fifth, information management, provides for preterm children health care related information management and reporting requirements. Six is the statistical indicators of information, clear the registration rate of premature children, preterm children project management rate, the incidence of preterm children in medical institutions and other indicators of the interpretation and calculation formula. In addition, the "work norms" followed by two annexes, one is "preterm children health service guide", and second, "preterm children after discharge management service process."
Third, the problem description
      (A) on the "work norms" functional positioning. First, suitable for all levels of health care administration administrative departments to manage medical institutions premature children health care work. Second, suitable for medical institutions for preterm children for project management. Third, suitable for all levels of maternal and child health care institutions to carry out prenatal health care training, quality control and information management and so on.
      (B) on preterm infants pre-hospital management. Stressed prenatal prenatal management, preterm children should be born with preterm children should have the ability to participate in the recovery and assessment of the scene. Clear the conditions of preterm children hospitalization, requiring critically ill preterm children for intrauterine referral or postnatal transshipment.
      (C) on the management of preterm infants during hospitalization. Prevention and control of hospital infection, respiratory support, nutritional support, disease screening, identification of common diseases and other aspects of the work of specific requirements, emphasizing the prevention of hospital infection, while clear discharge instructions and discharge guidance and other aspects of work.
      (D) on the management of premature children after discharge. Requirements for prenatal child project management, clear the number of follow-up and follow-up content. Detailed monitoring, evaluation and evaluation of neurological behavioral development, special examination, feeding counseling and guidance, nursing and disease prevention guidance, early development promotion guidance and so on. At the same time, clear the preterm children after discharge registration file, referral, closed and other management services specific process.