Compendium of materia medica logic thinking form Taiwan (One)

ZhuXiangLin EZhouShi hubei province of traditional Chinese medicine hospital

China's traditional Chinese medicine reported

        Compendium of materia medica obtained great achievements, not only because LiShiZhen has simple materialist dialectics thoughts, but also with his use of the scientific logic thinking methods are closely related. The compendium of materia medica logic thinking method, will help our understanding of the LiShiZhen the great medical experts is by law of thinking how to reflect the drugs, and reveals the law of materia medica, founded BenCaoXue theory.

        BenCaoXue clear concept

        The formal logic to have the right thinking that, you must request clear concept, can't ambiguity. The so-called concept clear, is clearly a connotation of the concept of what is and what is the extension; Also is clearly a concept reflects the things and the things which is what the essence. With the first draw in drug graphics 1110 painting, and then discusses drug in the night, "the product in the first ShiMing, name; time to which can also produce the shape, solution to a cause to doubt; also right and wrong and cause the suspicious, is also the fallacy of The Times;, and gun; time to smell char also, Ming sex also; time, record the reactive also; time to invent, thin righteousness; time to also use the attached party, also" (" the compendium of materia medica · FanLi "). That includes drug name, place of origin, shape, take time, gun method, smell, char function, usage and so on contents, explains "record drug works, including such as map, called compendium" (" Chinese terms choose release. People's medical publishing house), this is BenCaoXue connotation. Not difficult to see LiShiZhen about BenCaoXue has very clear concept. And "herbal medicine is recorded in the plant, animal, mineral and drink the wine in the food, and a few chemicals etc." (lead ditto). This is BenCaoXue's extension.

        The nature of the available for medicinal plant, animal, mineral and so on very numerous rich, LiShiZhen clear its extension to the richness of inclusion content, and based on this, puts forward the "heaven and earth product content of book of materia medica infinite... so XiangXi nan" (roll a · · monograph on medica sequence cases) point of view. He thought that work as far as possible should be medica up, so he refer to the more than eight hundred works, and field visit to adopt the four winds, oil to the burning question regarding, poor 30 years of energy, beginning complete compendium of materia medica masterpiece.

        "Understand from classes" analogy method

        Analogy, is based on two (or class 2) between objects in some ways similar or identical and roll out in other aspects may also be similar or the same kind of logic method. LiShiZhen during his trip to the four winds in the process, to collect a lot of new folk unilaterally. These unilateral symptoms, and previous have not discussed. How to explain a pharmacological? No doubt is a new topic. The LiShiZhen use of the theory of logical than take like analogy method of Daniel release.

        Such as a visit to the old lady, inhibiting wash with branches and leaves Fried DouChuang treatment, can help sending grouting. LiShiZhen think: "if internal and helping blood medicine, through which the effect of the rise, more speed, wind cold also shall not blocked and will do... HuangZhong cover, and sting and worm rev. Door, the east wind blows, and the ice thaw, the same spring also, group of books are no this method, so the details." (volume 35 · · inhibiting the wood) to HuangZhong law, the east wind gas spring as the isothermal, that has WenHua liters through branches and leaves inhibiting the role. And as he said: "all of the vine of the muscle, like, so much to muscle disease. Spin flower piece of such as muscle can enjoy when Jane from capital... still, and, behold, every section of the north soil, sunset clouds to drink, can fill Fried soup damage, the renewal of the reinforcement, tonifying qi said can be especially of yi" (volume 18 · · spin the grass spend). LiShiZhen will this kind of speculative reasons things out the method name of yue "understand from classes". He said snakes shed and regrow their "medicine has four righteousness: one can monarch evil, take its soul, so to change also evil demon method of the disease. The second can anopheles to the wind, take its belong to all, so there is sex for seizures Dian was surprised the mouthpiece disease. SanNeng insecticidal, so to ZhiLou and the evil boils, with its poison and disease. Four, so to righteousness metamorphosis" film births, the skin disease from class was also "(volume 43 · scale department · snakes shed and regrow their).

        Although this release are Daniel directly, but from the logic to know, the reality is a species than reasoning method. Owing to a certain level in science, is not from the micro aspects fully explain the function of objects principle, still can yet be regarded as a kind of important thinking form. "In science has used such methods reveals the fact that there are some in classical mechanics in the role of the law, which happened in the macroscopic world happened in the law of the role, and in another object in the field, it is also the microscopic, happened in the role." (the logic, Shanghai people's publishing house)

        In this release by Richard process, because LiShiZhen attention between analogue common and explain the close contact by drugs, so its conclusion reliability than is strong; Due to reflect the inherent law of the objective drugs, so can accept the clinical validation repeatedly. If GanShi furnace with eye disease, for Ning ears, wet itch; Sanqi (panax notoginseng) to stop bleeding away stasis; To the context (towel gourd winding, detumescence resolving phlegm; Camphor, the gas, to: tqbyp has good effect on allergic insecticidal; MuFuRong use to YongJu help rid boils, the commonly used for clinical physicians, modern pharmacology also prove the effectiveness and reliability. LiShiZhen using this kind of logic thinking methods summarize invented many drugs new functions, for the development of Chinese medicine plays a role.

        "Family of chromatography area" induction

        The premise of the particularity of induction from a general result generalizes the reasoning. LiShiZhen think old book called "jade soil and water, and the worm LinJie don't confuse, or into the wood worm don't of, or wood into the grass department" (FanLi), there are entirely different regardless of the disorder. How can do is numerous don't Wen? And he will have gathered 1892 drugs for "family of chromatography area", "vibration outline points eye" (twelve roll on · grass department) inductive work. Will jade fire and water plants such as insect interface "each listed as department, first with fire and water, soil, water and fire to take second place for the first of all, for all the mother also followed, with inscriptions. From the soil in the valley of grass; also followed fruit, vegetables from micro to giant also followed the server; to, from vegetation; take second place to LinJie also worm beast, to end, from base to your also" (FanLi). Describe the division arrangement method, its inner link. And each and points of all kinds, such as grass department, LiShiZhen said, grass "the essence of the gas for good, the crime of the gas for poison," and, by the nature of ShanCao divided into grass, the class, the wet grass kind, poisonous weeds, ManCao kind of aquatic plants, kind, stone of the straw, liverworts, etc. The essence of the natural gas for good, more chi spicy, such as this, angelica, gaomai a. dahurica are spicy, so as the class with. In the clear concept, under the premise of (the medica and again there is between the concept of relationship between species), comprehensive analysis to similar drugs, from special to general on "family of chromatography area" (FanLi), the kind of work in from, and the rest of all kinds of drugs is so.

        This method accord with the formal logic completely the inductive method, is a kind of typical deductive reasoning. Because LiShiZhen from set out actually, caught the nature of things, so its conclusion with strong scientific. He completely broke cold-induced febride drugs to the classification of 3 kinds of 3. In the compendium of materia medica, he and other inorganic ore of drug research, roughly in the same elements of compounds in sequence, and today, the inorganic chemical drug drug classification is consistent with the basic spirit; According to their internal relations of plant classification, and modern botany classification spirit with basic, natural scientists than Sweden botany, the founder of the classification of Nigeria. The natural system "to one hundred and seventy years earlier, content and much more; In general to animals by simple structure to complex, from low to high, in order to evolve viewpoint is arranged, 19 century evolutionists Darwin also used similar methods.