"South candle" and food "black rice" custom (two)

YiRongFang Shanghai customs college

China's traditional Chinese medicine to

        The folk custom of eating black rice

        Due to the way, Buddha taught two extensive influence, eat black rice custom began to prevail in the folk, interestingly, folk food black rice custom got rid of the Taoist and buddhist unscramble a health course, combined with the traditional belief and daily life, so as to make this common presents some new look. If some local black rice is still as a festival food be favorred, but its use is changed, such as hunan will it as offering god including ancestor worship is a treasure, SongFan to clear the yueyang terroir ji load:

        April 8 tang-dynasty trio colored take sheep paulownia leaf xi resembles meters for rice to shrine god and ancestors.

        And in hubei folk, it became a gift elders, teachers and entertainment guest is tasted, according to the ancient and modern books integrated · years old department "load, hubei Qi state folk," county people each feed green fine rice in father division, or leave to one years to and rice, delay the guest for respect ".

        Folk black rice in the ingredients and practice is also changing, making more fine, many local black rice ingredients with chickens, ducks diced meat or pork butyl, beans and so on, forming a unique flavor. Or with black rice package twisted dough-strips, dried meat floss, etc., to form unique ZiFan udinese. Zhejiang area of black rice production techniques are employed to even be place on intangible cultural heritage directory.

        Folk or with black rice wine, the wine making says black rice wine, the color black soft, fruity sweet, good flavor. Jiangsu LiShui folk when unripe daughter to system black rice wine a cylinder, keep to the daughter married to open drink.

        About the origin of the custom of eating black rice, folk circulates other story, worth pondering. Such as the han nationality have legend says food umea meals custom is to commemorate the warring states period of strategist sun bin: the warring states, PangJuan avoid just jealous Yin, Yue to sun bin's kneecap, make its can't walk, and dragged him into a pigsty. The jailer's wife old contribute: with black leaves immersion mix glutinous rice, boil after dinner knead into small gnocchi, with the color of the pig, which can PangJuan outsmart, and can save life sun bin. Old prison guard wilco. PangJuan relax the sun bin's custody. Soon, tian qi sent rescue sun bin. Sun bin finally revenge revenge, shot the PangJuan. Sun bin umea first time to eat rice, in the summer begins, then form summer begins to eat meal umea custom.

        Eat black rice custom on China's ethnic minorities also have a great influence, zhuang, yao, miao, dong and she, bo-y, etc are the common family. As a festival food, eat rice or umea in March, or in a lucid, or in seiqnyied bat, or in the summer begins section. If the family has a 28-year-old yao "seiqnyied bat, eat black rice" custom, the song dynasty legend, Yang warrior YangWenGuang in a battle and soldiers by catch, QiuRu li state dungeon. His sister YangJinHua give him a meal, have been "soldier jailer eat to. Gold flower come up with a way, to the mountains picked a big black bubble (namely entadae stem) leaves, boil into black boiled in a pot black glutinous rice. Jailer see rice dark black, think inside put the poison, who also dare not eat. YangWenGuang ate this after pneumatic soar, he saw the basket more rice under sword and paper, know sister already goes out to lie in ambush on all sides, as long as he out of the cell, the outside they scoop out. YangWenGuang then cut open the cell door, like as tiger killed out, LiYingWaiGe, not as long as the ZhouCheng occupied. This day is April 8, it is YangWenGuang birthday, Yang's descendants to commemorate YangWenGuang escape, he raised up the April 8th, eat black rice regulations.

        The legend of similar dong area also has, in addition to everyone in the April 8 day to eat black rice, dong also use black rice feed cows, will this day is called "cow festival". Zhuang to April 8 or May 5, as a cow's birthday, called "cow huang Christmas," this day disable cow dint, also want to use black rice feed water buffalo.

        She eat black rice on March 3,, to commemorate the legend of she is against "the" LanTianFeng uprising leader. LanTianFeng caught and outsmart jailer send black rice plot is slightly with. But she folk to March 3 for GuMi birthday, legends say cook march umea rice is to give GuMi wear clothes, good let it birthday. It is said that SheGu people like to wear dark blue linen cloth is from here to realize the truth. Put on this dress, not only can prevent bask in the sun poison, and mountain ants also dare not to bite!

        From the origin of black rice to eat the legend see, although not to take off with vegetation dyeing rice, outsmart the basic plot, but folk for this custom inheritance, blend in XiaoQin, justice, tyranny, oppression and concept of value, but also the agricultural production and summer arrival of antivirus care, its positive positive significance.

        Umea dyed rice plants

        Umea rice (green fine rice) used by the plant, each district is not the same, guangxi, guizhou zhuang, bo-y, etc of maple leaves and maple skin pound boil juice, again and boiled glutinous rice and become. Folk and useful BaiYangYe, persimmon leaves. The legend of she is to use "black rice leaf wood", do not know what.

        And according to ShenKuo the conducted MengXi of load, the song dynasty or the Chinese tallow tree leaves. The qing dynasty party wisdom "pass the · green rice" : "green rice, black rice also. JinShi home seiqnyied bat, or in Chinese tallow tree, or in maple, a day of green fine meal." Now some places are useful mountain fern leaves a bottle.

        System green fine rice (black rice), the earliest use is the largest south candle. According to ancient Chinese materia medica carries, south candle has many different name: south candle vegetation, dye travancore, monkey travancore grass, eleusine indica, black rice grass, green fine grass, ink rice grass, but the wood, YangTong, king of the vegetation, etc. According to SuSong poets in the compendium of materia medica diagram the "said, dye travancore, monkey travancore the name of" native people ", and that "coarse and real name phase as if also". The name of travancore dye, is about folk according to south candle dyeing function and on, "dyeing travancore" voa and "south candle" close, is it "coarse and real name phase as if", the name of the south candle, might therefore into to the best of my knowledge. South candle fruit for monkeys like to eat, so have again "monkey travancore" name. LiShiZhen compendium of materia medica 36 volume of the south candle there are specific description:

        South candle, in WuChuShan very much. Leaf like mountain alum, smooth and taste acor. March open small white flowers. Is as strong as a PiaoShuZi fascicles, born green, September cooked is purple, with fine son, its taste is acerbity, pediatric food. According to the ancient and modern poetry "cloud:" that is YangTong also." Leaf like Holly and small, face water YouMao living. Lai present mining, waterlogging dyeing rice, the color green and light, can great gas.

        QingRen WuJiJun the plant name it exam "cloud:

        South candle, the open treasure materia medica "initial description. Taoist to leaf dye meters for green rice. Ceramic reclusion "climb is implicit tactic" has been carried the. Flower such as rice, distinctly prolapse. Hunan refers to full rice flower. April 8, vulgar temples dyed rice supply asked, the wind of the ancient. The MengXi conducted "mistake nandina, and thy people less, extremely owe for visit.

        This kind of dyeing rice south candle, ancient books has some different understanding, such as ShenKuo will confuse it in south day bamboo, but nowadays people generally have clear, it is belong to ericaceae bilberry subfamily of the black rice tree (Vaccinium hacteatum), China's north and south have distribution, often grow in hilly country or an altitude of 400-1400 meters mountain, is acidic soil (red) indicator plant. Black rice tree branches and leaves has certain medicinal value, and contain the pigment melanin, which contain anthocyanins, so has the health care, dyeing, and many other functions. About its medical value, the ancient materia medica books are youdao and person, song WangGuan kingdom "Harvard University" volume eight "green fine" a cloud:

        The shennong materia medica "wood department have south candle branches and leaves, the long clothing intellectual man fit the elder, it is not hunger, and color, take juice for cooking rice, also known as" black rice grass ". In the word "book of" south candle vegetation ", in the compendium of materia medica "is known as the" south candle branches and leaves ", building a thing also.

        The tang dynasty Chen hid device for the compendium of materia medica gleanings "has been pointed out that:

        South candle branches and leaves, bitter taste flat, non-toxic, check drain in addition to sleep, established the muscle strength, long suit intellectual man fit the elder, it is not hunger, change white to old.

        The song dynasty the compendium of materia medica diagram the "in the tang dynasty sun simiao led the daughter in siminyueling" "south candle Fried" a square:

        South candle Fried, the hair and appearance, and complement warm, March 3 leaf picking and core son, into the great net bottle, dry quickly, with the lad urinate jinman bottle, solid economic its mouth, buy leisure place, after a year take open, each with a spoon, he drank it adjustable uniform, twice a day, extremely have come to pass.

        LiShiZhen in the compendium of materia medica "in quotes from predecessors about south candle branches and leaves the efficacy of outside, also points out its seed with" strong bones and muscles, and pneumatic, solid fine agerasia "effect. In recent years, jiangsu province even use black rice tree developed "green pure waxy", very popular. About because of south candle cance, black bread is easy to make and black rice of delicious and has some health care efficacy, Buddhism vegetarian is also very early to introduce. In the way, Buddha taught two great influence, the custom of eating black rice in folk been widely response and long inheritance.