The struggle to save waste from the Renaissance

After the founding of the communist party of China, the development of Chinese medicine cause above theory

The central literature research HanHongHong

        In the history of modern traditional Chinese medicine save waste rivalry

        After the opium war, western medicine was introduced into China, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in China's dominance challenged, although still in the country's health care system in a dominant position, but lose history of unify the whole country superiority. In the medical profession began to appear a new row chung old tendency, a famous traditional Chinese medicine HeLian I had evaluation said: "now the government and the society gradually have Yang west in the suppression is, so things follow, study in Europe and the United States Japan medical students to return, a new guild wars, in the future, the government has been the inevitable trend of the hospital too to western medicine say, doctor of traditional Chinese medicine get busy but dangerous can almost see."

        After the revolution of, the northern warlord government vigorously carry out the western medicine. Beiyang government in November 1912 the ministry of education promulgated "medical specialized school regulations" and "medicine specialized school rules", medical subjects 48 kinds, pharmacy subject 31 species, all without traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) content, completely will reject traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in medical education system besides, initiated the legalization of medical education in for fight, each district public opinion strong reaction. In 1913, the ministry of education announced "university regulations", "medical specialized school regulations" and "medicine specialized school rules", traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) still excluded from national normal education outside.

        In November 1928, the kuomintang government established the ministry of health. In 1929 held the first session of the central health committee meeting, through the YuYunXiu, puts forward "abolish the old medical and eliminate medical and health disorder case", and the other quasi "please public proclamation abolish the old medical school case" is the ministry of education, the requirement in the national banned Chinese medicine practice, banned the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine do hospitals, schools, banning the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine books. This is the history of the famous "abolish the basis". The case a, quickly, has aroused a nationwide monstrous reverse abolished petition movement. Although the struggle the victory, but the KMT government Chinese medicine against the basic policy did not change.

        In June 1933, in the kuomintang central political meeting, the kuomintang member of the central committee ShiYing and others propose make the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine ordinance (draft), but the administration director wang ching-wei but against the proposal, that "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine said Yin and Yang, the five elements don't understand anatomy, in science real groundless; to the Chinese medicine devoid of analysis, and cure efficiency slim", claiming that "those who belong to the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine should be are not allowed to practice, the national Chinese medicine shops should also be asked to go out of business. GuoYi, equal to now advocate with the sword to stop tanks", cause the proposal is suppressed two years. Until 1935, after feng yuxiang and others again called on, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine ordinance just in January 1936 issued. But, the traditional Chinese medicine ordinance in still exist many discrimination, reject the content of the traditional Chinese medicine, and not fundamentally solve the problem of development of Chinese medicine.

        After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the war of resistance has play a tremendous role in the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) oppressed status is still no change. The provinces of the relief supplies to the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical; A group of doctor of traditional Chinese medicine school was ordered to close down, The public health administrative meeting resolution it is strictly prohibited to use western medicine of traditional Chinese medicine; Set up GuoYi qualification examination committee, in the unjust review system, most of the traditional Chinese medicine cannot continue business; Traditional Chinese medicine doctor provisions are called "medical assistant" shall not say "doctor", a variety of limited means of development of Chinese medicine, by no means an isolated case.

        Visible, in before the establishment of the new China, the cause of Chinese medicine has been at the government discrimination and exclusion status, bridge the gap between the traditional Chinese and western medicine, heavy west or intensified the contradiction. The reason for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) whether to belong to science, this shouldn't protection, inheritance and development problems are the big social debate, because China in modern social development has been was poor, weak, a batch of western background, advocate science doctor, intellectuals and in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that lack of scientific basis, belongs to the feudal medicine, in order to completely deny the old tradition, old culture, should be negative criticism, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and through in the school system, the national health system, and so on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) field drive the influence and action to make traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine gradually die for the purpose of the replaced. But history has proved, these practices beyond The Times and tradition, from China's reality and national conditions, thus in the national nihilism and wholesale westernization of mire. Its directly result is pressing the Chinese medicine health, benign development, delay the national health security system to improve and perfect, influence the people to raise the level of public health.

        The communist party of China the development of Chinese medicine cause policy path

        And the kuomintang government discrimination, rejection of traditional Chinese medicine situation on the contrary, as early as in revolution s, the communist party of China is highly realistic value of traditional Chinese medicine career, and pay attention to the development, the development of Chinese medicine cause. For how to deal with the problem of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), MAO zedong has repeatedly made important instructions, emphasizes the unity of traditional Chinese medicine, give play to the role of traditional Chinese medicine. Chinese communist party's revolutionary base not only actively with TCM for military and civilian healing, but also set up traditional Chinese physician training course, the formation of health care medicine club, the formulation "GuoYi excursion ordinance", the establishment of Chinese and western medicine research always, advocate strengthening solidarity and cooperation of Chinese and western medicine. From the objective point of view, this is because in the revolutionary s, the leadership of the communist party and the revolutionary army extreme lack of western medicine western medicine, and Chinese herbal medicine but ma, with desirable; From the subjective point of view, this is because the communists led by MAO zedong according to China's national conditions, national conditions make practical and realistic scientific judgment, can correctly treat Chinese traditional medicine plays in the Chinese society of the function and the position, the correct understanding of traditional Chinese medicine scientific value. It is after new China was founded, the communist party of China pay attention to the development of Chinese medicine cause laid a solid ideological basis.

        (a) objective and scientific, and look at the history of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) position and realistic value

        At the beginning of the founding of, our health work face disease cluster, lack of medical treatment of the severe situation. According to 1949 statistics, the Chinese and western medicine and health technical personnel only 505000 people, including senior technical personnel (i.e., higher medical colleges and universities graduate medical personnel) only 38875 people, and most of the work in the big city. The country's 2600 hospitals, 80000 beds. According to the country at the time of the general survey, about 80% of the country who did not get the regular medical service, its reason is hundreds of thousands of Chinese medicine did not play its proper role. However, due to historical reasons, the diaphragm between Chinese and western medicine still exist, even in before and after the founding of and further deepen the trend of increase.

        In order to change this situation as soon as possible serious, MAO zedong, liu shaoqi, zhou enlai and the central leading comrades on the history of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) position and reality value a scientific, practical and realistic look at. In September 1949, the eve of the founding, MAO zedong met in the national health administrative staff representatives, protection and development of traditional Chinese medicine from the point of view of the paper mainly points out, only good unity the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, improve the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, doctor of traditional Chinese medicine do a good job in the work, can take on several hundred million population difficult health work task. He also further pointed out: "health work policy question...... to prevention, give play to the role of Chinese and western medical personnel, this policy is right." In December 1953, MAO zedong published to health work opinion: I think China to the world's big contribution, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine is one of the a. The doctor of traditional Chinese medicine is in the agriculture and the handicraft industry on the basis of the development of. The doctor of traditional Chinese medicine valuable experience must be to inherit and carry forward. He also pointed out that: "China to the world three big contribution, the first is the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine", will the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine history status rises to China a great contribution to the world of height, sufficient to explain to the attention of MAO zedong's traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). In 1958, comrade MAO zedong personally endorse the health BuDangZu "about western medicine exit to study Chinese medicine class summary report" point out: "Chinese medicine is a great treasure, should seek them, try to improve." Liu shaoqi was also highly historical status of traditional Chinese medicine. In June 1951, he in giving into grasp really the letter pointed out: "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine is China for thousands of years a great invention, solve the people in many diseases pain, our country is a kind of precious heritage. In a conversation, liu shaoqi also praised the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine in the history of the major contribution. He said: "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine in China for thousands of years of history, western medicine only hundreds of years, if not the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, China hundreds of millions of people how to continue down." In 1955, China institute of traditional Chinese medicine built courtyard, zhou enlai personally for the inscription: "carry forward the motherland medicine heritage, for socialist construction service." Can say, the inscription inspired generations of new traditional Chinese medicine workers.

        It is because of the party to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) care and attention, the party and the government soon made a series of traditional Chinese medicine to promote the development of policy, to the cause of Chinese medicine political status and academic position compared with before liberation undergone a fundamental change.

        (2) timely and correct the wrong idea limit the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine development, and guide Chinese medicine career to step onto the healthy development track

        At the beginning of the founding of, the ministry of health of individual leadership and no of MAO zedong's "unity, improve TCM doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, do well the work of traditional Chinese medicine" instructions carefully and understand and implement, think the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine "backward", "no science", one-sided put forward "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine is a medical, is the feudal feudal social product, should with the feudal society's destroy and destroy" the wrong idea. The wrong idea at that time spread widely, and get the support of some people, become some of the administrative department of public health cadres implement crowding out and gradually eliminate based on the theory of traditional Chinese medicine.

        In this wrong view and under the guidance of the traditional Chinese medicine in many ways began to restrict development, thus cause the traditional Chinese physician and people's discontent. For example, the ministry of health in 1951 published the "traditional Chinese physician provisional regulations", the "provisional regulations for traditional Chinese physician carries out detailed rules" published in 1952 and the physicians, doctors, dentists, pharmacists, and interim measures for the examination of doctors to the entry requirements of the definition of the hard, regulations only hold public and private four years eductional systme above of the traditional Chinese medicine school diploma enters, the central health or central health authorized liwa ministry of health by the examination yuan, the provinces and municipalities directly under the central government of the people's government health administration to traditional Chinese physician certificate or pass the exam files person, can the liwa the ministry of health and the ministry of health issued audit is the traditional Chinese physician certificate. In addition, the traditional Chinese physician qualification exam content will try families including physiological anatomy of the summary, bacteriology summary, infectious disease summary and so on, choose test section include internal medicine (including gynecology, pediatrics), surgery, ophthalmology, acupuncture and moxibustion, positive bone, massage department, etc. These exam content completely beyond the traditional Chinese medicine by the master of medical knowledge, the most traditional Chinese physician out of the country licensed to practice medicine out of the gate. Jiangxi province as an example, 1950 ~ 1951, jiangxi province health department has two times the traditional Chinese physician registration examination and issue a license work, total enrollment for 8728 people, and was admitted to the formal traditional Chinese physician only 424 people, examination and approval as temporary traditional Chinese physician's 3648 people, the rest in fact been cancelled qualifications. 1950 years have failed in examination of 1355 people notice by the prefectural commissioner's office exam, as there is no full consideration of many traditional Chinese medicine puts forward "suspended exam" requirements, the results the candidate only 727 people, 327 people didn't pass. In the medical policy aspects, but also to the development of traditional Chinese medicine to restrict everywhere. For example, before the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine into the medical treatment at public expenses category, not to eat Chinese traditional medicine to submit an expense account; Big hospitals do not absorb the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to work; One-sided encourage the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to learn western medicine; The traditional Chinese medicine production and marketing of unmanned management and so on. March 7, 1953, sichuan and old Chinese medicine LiZhongYu to write peng zhen said: teacher and pupil of giving way long away. Giving for teacher and pupil, though, by teacher industry, and informal school graduation, the government does not allow doctor; Countries of the western medicine colleges and universities held, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine colleges and universities account for less, every year enrollment figures greatly to one, so, western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, less.

        These one-sided or even wrong with traditional Chinese medicine development thoughts and practices, caused the MAO zedong, liu shaoqi, etc the central leading comrades vigilance and criticism. In 1953, MAO zedong on health work instructions pointed out: "look down on the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine is wrong, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine said it all good very good, also is the wrong", "we must be on the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine have a comprehensive understanding of the correct. Must be critically accepting the heritage. Must take all positive factors preserve and develop". At the end of June 1954 in early July, MAO zedong on traditional Chinese medicine work speeches, pointed out that "comparison of traditional Chinese and western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine has thousands of years of history, and western medicine was introduced into China but dozens of years, until today in our country people's disease diagnosis and treatment of traditional Chinese medicine still rely on the still accounts for above fifty thousand, rely on western medicine are only tens of millions of (and mostly in the city). Therefore, if the Chinese health education career, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine for the contribution and the credit is big. The motherland medicine heritage years, not only is not carry forward, but was despised and exclusion, the central committee on the unity of Chinese and western medicine, traditional Chinese and western medicine instructions not to carry out the real unity is not solved, this is wrong, the problem must be solved, mistakes must correct. First health administrative departments at all levels to thought to change."

        In July 1954, liu shaoqi special summon the ministry of health of Peking and the regional medical workers work on behalf of the discussion the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine. He severely criticized supported the discrimination and exclusion the wrong practices of traditional Chinese medicine, and points out that the "look down on the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, is servile minions type of bourgeois ideology, discrimination, rejection of traditional Chinese medicine is a kind of extreme mean bad asset class psychological performance, this kind of condition, greatly hindered our country medicine heritage research and develop". He also in different occasions asked for the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine with due status. For example, he asked the ministry of health "initiative to unite the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, welcome them, give them due status", "to the traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine to alike", "not despise, discrimination Chinese, to respect the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, the state will give the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to help".

        In order to fully correct the wrong tendency of traditional Chinese and western medicine effect unity, MAO zedong and the party central committee adopted a series of important measures. In July 1954, established by the propaganda department, the central education committee, the ministry of health culture designated personnel composition Chinese medicine problem temporary working group, all to the health administrative person in charge and Beijing, tianjin convey the central committee of the communist party of traditional Chinese and western medicine on the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine problem indicator; The central committee of the communist party was held in Beijing, north and the relevant departments of the forum of Chinese and western medicine, repeatedly discussed about learning and research of traditional Chinese medicine, expand the practice of traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine books published problems. On October 20, 1954, the People's Daily published titled "implement of traditional Chinese medicine treat the correct policy" editorial, think that the development of TCM is "how to through the earnest study, research and practice, and gradually make it and modern scientific theory is the combination of problems, according to the modern scientific theory, use the scientific method to sort out the traditional Chinese medicine theory and summarizes its clinical experience, absorb its essence, get rid of its dross, make it gradually and modern medical science concourse, become modern medical science is an important part of". In November 1954, the CPC central committee under the state council circular WenWei leading party group on the improvement of TCM work report ", further clarify the party's policy of traditional Chinese medicine, the author put forward the improvement work of traditional Chinese medicine of the specific measures. The ministry of health to their own is unable to correctly treat the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine's thoughts and practice on the self-examination and check, and in on February 2, 1955 issued on the cancel banned use of traditional Chinese medicine prescription white paper the provisions of the notice, aims to cancel to the traditional Chinese medicine doctor restrictions. On November 27, 1956, the ministry of health issued a "provisional regulations on the abolition of traditional Chinese physician of the circular". So far, Chinese medicine career start out on the track of steady development.

        (3) advocate of combining traditional Chinese and western medicine, traditional Chinese and western medicine for unity and cooperation and indicate the direction

        As early as in yanan period, MAO zedong about "combine traditional Chinese and western medicine" problem. On May 24, 1944, he in yenan university on the opening ceremony, said: "our vice chairman of the border region government LiDingMing comrade is the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, but also learn some is western medicine, the two doctors have not speak united front. All of us to study, whether or not to speak the united front? I don't understand the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, also don't understand western medicine, whether the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine or western medicine, the function is to cure disease. Not cure disease and medical problem, cannot because can not cure a disease will not approve of doctor of traditional Chinese medicine or not in favor of western medicine. The baby up and put the sick man healed, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine we reward we also reward. We put forward such slogan: the two doctors want cooperation."

        After the founding of new China, MAO zedong pay more attention to "combine traditional Chinese and western medicine", "the unity of Chinese and western medicine" this problem. On August 7, 1950, the first national health conference held in Beijing, the meeting proposed "facing the workers and peasants and soldiers" and "prevention first", "unity of traditional Chinese and western medicine" three big health work policy, MAO zedong personally for meeting inscription: "unity of old and new Chinese and western parts of medical health personnel, the consolidation of the united front, for the development of the great people's health work and struggle." MAO zedong's the instructions for the combined Chinese and western medicine, solidarity and cooperation between pointed out the direction. In June 1951, liu shaoqi also said: "the government the policy is to unite the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine common to serve the people, and at the same time try to improve the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine... so that they can more to solve the disease problem.

        In August 1956, MAO zedong in the conversation with music workers of more detailed and comprehensive expounds "combine traditional Chinese and western medicine" thinking. He pointed out that, "in the western modern science to study the law of traditional Chinese medicine, the development of China's new medicine." "The foreign good things. For example, learn, bacteriology, biochemistry, anatomy, pathology, these are to learn. Also want to put China's good things to learn. Should attach importance to China's thing, or a lot of research is no object.

        In November 1959, liu shaoqi once again when it comes to combine traditional Chinese and western medicine problem. He said: "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine is our traditional medicine, is our national culture heritage, there have been thousands of years of history, and they make many learned elitist. Western medicine was introduced into China not previously, we the Chinese people is still not all by traditional Chinese medicine cure. In the future, our traditional Chinese medicine will promote in the west come, then they can call west the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine combined with, as we now call combine traditional Chinese and western medicine. See not hard, liu shaoqi not only affirms the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine should be historical position, and also predicts that the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) will bring out of China, to the world, for the world medical development to make its due contribution. It is in MAO zedong, liu shaoqi, etc the central leading comrades of the care and guidance, the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine in our country started quickly, a number of effective innovation of the specific measures, promoted our country medical and health services development forward.

        Can say, after new China was founded, the party to the attention of the traditional Chinese medicine career development problems, and relative policy choice and formulation for the new China's health development laid a foundation. For many decades after that, an old doctor of traditional Chinese medicine in the evaluation of new China in TCM policy regrets ground say, new China health work policy formulation, make broad "traditional Chinese medicine won the new hope".

        The communist party of China the development of Chinese medicine cause of specific measures

        Although the new China was founded at the beginning, the administrative departments for public health has been limit the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine development thoughts and measures, but in the height of the central committee of the attention and guidance, the whole society radically reform, gradually unified attention should be paid to the development of Chinese medicine, the ideological recognition, the party and the state has taken a series of effective measures, traditional Chinese medicine career began to emerge from a debate, ushered in the great development opportunities.

        (a) was founded institutions, JianZhangLiZhi, strengthens to the cause of Chinese medicine management and standard

        Traditional Chinese medicine in order to strengthen the leadership, promoting development, the party and government attach great importance to the construction of the management institution of traditional Chinese medicine. In 1952, the ministry of health in the political situation in medical set up the management of the traditional Chinese medicine administrative agencies of traditional Chinese medicine department; In 1954, the ministry of health has set up the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine department. Provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions health department (bureau), correspondingly established in traditional Chinese medicine, the ground, city health bureau set up a traditional Chinese medicine department, some county health bureau has set up the stock of traditional Chinese medicine.

        In order to cause the development of Chinese medicine to provide legal guarantee, after the founding of PRC, began JianZhangLiZhi related work, formulate and through a series of laws and regulations. In May 1951, the ministry of health issued a "traditional Chinese physician provisional regulations" and "traditional Chinese physician provisional regulation enforcement rules", November, which released the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine clinic management provisional regulations "and" the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine clinic management regulation enforcement rules ", came on the organization of traditional Chinese medicine to learn instructions, and on the organization of traditional Chinese medicine school and intensive regulations; In July 1954, the ministry of health to central submit the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine on strengthening the work of instruct report; In March 1956, the ministry of health issued a "about the improvement of TCM work report", the same year April, came on the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine DaiTu work to carry out the instructions of "; In 1958, the ministry of health issued the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine about the improvement work report ", "about organization western medicine exit to study Chinese medicine class summary report", "about inheritance develop national medicine opinion". Can say, although initially some regulations limited the development of traditional Chinese medicine too, but after the party and the government timely intervention and guide, and the regulations in the very great degree the powerful safeguard to the cause of traditional Chinese medicine health, scientific and rapid development.

        (2) integrated power, strengthen the team, make traditional Chinese medicine personnel training, diagnosis and treatment and research new look

        Before the establishment of the new China, the cultivation of the talents of Chinese medicine mainly by shackled, division crown, private education, self-taught way, etc. The kuomintang government period, also has been taken destroy the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine move, traditional Chinese medicine talents work at risk. After new China was founded, the party and the government through a variety of channels to consolidate, the development of Chinese medicine talented person troop.

        1. We in a planned way, integration of traditional Chinese medicine talented person troop. In order to adapt to the needs of the national large-scale construction, the state gradually organization, absorb more than 280000 TCM respectively in national and collective ownership medical institutions work, in 1952 registered Chinese medicine have 306000 people. According to the ministry of health doctor of traditional Chinese medicine department report, 1957 to march, the national 200000 participated in the joint of traditional Chinese medicine hospital of traditional Chinese medicine, polyclinic, agricultural cooperative health centre, and other units of the epidemic prevention work, and there are more than 29000 a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine took part in the public medical institutions work, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine social status and academic status got the mass increase. At the same time, countries are actively expand and develop Chinese traditional academic groups, each district are founded to traditional Chinese medicine primarily "health workers association", most provinces, the city, the area of the traditional Chinese medicine learn to continue carrying out activities. In 1955, the Chinese medical association absorption of the first member of traditional Chinese medicine.

        2. Many kinds of ways and effective training talents of Chinese medicine. First of all, the country set up different levels of traditional Chinese medicine school. Since 1949-1955, the whole nation was founded a total of 20 in traditional Chinese medicine education schools and 143 for traditional Chinese medicine, and take the form of correspondence education to on-the-job training of traditional Chinese medicine to improve. (1) in 1956, zhou enlai in talking about development of Chinese medicine in China business, proposed that it is necessary to strengthen the team construction of traditional Chinese medicine: "the light DaiTu is not enough, still have to do college of traditional Chinese medicine, first in the north and south, east and do a" (2) then, the central government decided to in Shanghai, Beijing, guangzhou and chengdu each build a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine university. According to the college of traditional Chinese medicine all startup period of practical difficulties in February 1957, liu shaoqi indicating the ministry of health "want to rectify the college of traditional Chinese medicine, first of all to solve teaching material". (3) in 1958, the ministry of health organizes the national college of traditional Chinese medicine unified teaching materials, and successively had four revision. 1959 formulated the national unified teaching meter, and clearly specified of traditional Chinese medicine colleges training target and curriculum. Secondly, respect and advocate the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine - this special talent cultivation mode, to this without limit. At the beginning of 1956 national health working conference decided that allows the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine medicine taking the traditional DaiTu way to cultivate talents, especially to encourage the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine medicine take their children for ACTS. In April 1956, the ministry of health issued the 1956 to 1962 national Chinese medicine train an apprentice planning ", plan in seven years to train an apprentice way to cultivate new traditional Chinese medicine 480000. In February 1958 the ministry of health indicator health administrative departments at all levels to immediately set out for their respective areas of the old doctor of traditional Chinese medicine arrange young apprentice for traditional Chinese and western medicine. 1957 ~ 1958, liu shaoqi to the ministry of health in the relevant instructions in two affirmed the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine - talent cultivation mode. He pointed out that: "those who have skill the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, want to let them take on an apprentice. You will get a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to train an apprentice, mentoring, teacher income, what person can train an apprentice, train an apprentice to have what condition, etc., all want to detailed regulations". The doctor of traditional Chinese medicine DaiTu work carried out after is developing very fast. According to statistics, by the end of 1958 the national more than 52000 TCM apprentice with the teacher study. (4) to 1960, national Chinese medicine apprentice has amounted to more than 80000 people, two years before the draw has more than 14500 people.

        3. Large-scale founded and the development of Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment and scientific research institutions. After the founding of new China, after a short after twists and turns, the state began to encourage and founded a large number of traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment and scientific research institutions. Since 1955, the ministry of health to cancel banned the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine prescription with white paper in 1956 and announced the abolition of the traditional Chinese medicine clinic management ordinance and the detailed rules for the implementation of the regulations on the administration of traditional Chinese medicine clinic of traditional Chinese medicine on agency rules after unreasonable restriction, the national rural township, city street quickly picked up tens of thousands of polyclinic, some and development of hospital of traditional Chinese medicine or Chinese medicine clinic. By 1960, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine hospital has from after the founding of a few of the development to 330, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine hospital bed increased to 14199 pieces. In December 1955, the ministry of health announced the establishment of Chinese medicine research institute. In 1956, some provinces, the city, the area also have been set up in the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine research institute. By 1958, the national construction have the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine research institute, 17.

        (3) to break boundaries, traditional Chinese and western medicine in mutual learning sports, out of a Chinese medical culture the new road

        In the "combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine", "the unity of Chinese and western medicine" under the guidance of guidelines, after the founding of new China, soon in the rise of the debate has been fueled in traditional Chinese and western medicine mutual learning movement.

        Traditional Chinese and western medicine on the importance of learning from each other, liu shaoqi had accumulate funds to point out: "it's the only way to get all positive factors to mobilize up, for the vast number of people's health service, and only in this way, can for the motherland medicine and modern medicine in the development process interpenetrate, combination, strong points, and constantly innovation, development in China has the characteristics of new medicine, make a big contribution for human". In April 1959, zhou enlai in the second session of the National People's Congress on the first meeting of the political report: "should be unity of traditional Chinese and western medicine, organize them together for people's health service to carry forward the motherland medicine heritage and development of medical science".

        In may of 1951, the central people's government about the ministry of health issued a medical, solidarity, mutual assistance and to study. The main content includes: the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine western medicine shall strengthen the political and business study; The ministry of health shall establish the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine research institutes, use scientific method to sort out, study of Chinese medical method and Chinese drugs; Health institutions should mobilize all through education and training of Chinese medicine in prevention, each district county the following health institutions and absorption through education and training of Chinese medicine to diagnosis and treatment work, make the traditional Chinese and western medicine in the practical work to learn from each other and learn from each other to collect the effect; For private open the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine school (or train an apprentice), don't add restrictions, but these the school curriculum should add basic medical science topic; Throughout the country have established according to need and the possible medical association or the industry forum, traditional Chinese and western medicine as the common organizations; In public health administrative institution at or above the provincial level, according to the need can be set up traditional Chinese medicine treatment of the affairs of the organization, as about the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine registration, unity, education, training and other matters.

        About the problem of traditional Chinese and western medicine to learn from each other, MAO zedong not only from on macroscopic actively advocate, and put forward a lot of specific measures. MAO zedong thought, learn from each other traditional Chinese and western medicine center link first should be western medicine study traditional Chinese medicine. He thinks, western medicine to study Chinese medicine is glorious, because after learning and improve, can the boundaries of traditional Chinese and western medicine to cancel, become China's unity of medicine, contribute to the world. In 1954, MAO zedong sent to "western medicine to study Chinese medicine" call and put forward concrete measures. For example, to transfer 100 to 200 medical university or college graduates to the famous doctor of traditional Chinese medicine, to learn their clinical experience, and learning to be holding the open-minded attitude. In March 1956, liu shaoqi listens to the ministry of health work report regrets ground say: "each other traditional Chinese and western medicine all don't understand, blind against like oneself person dozen oneself person. Now don't criticize each other. Will vigorously develop the movement of medicine of traditional Chinese medicine, in the whole nation should organize three thousand young physician on-the-job learning Chinese medicine." In August 1956, MAO zedong in the same music workers conversation "spoke again of" western medicine to study Chinese medicine "problem. He pointed out that: "if the first learn the western medicine, first learned anatomy, pharmacology, etc, and then to study Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine, it is can a bit faster the Chinese things do well." "You are" western medicine ", but to China, to learn a set of later to study Chinese things, to learn Chinese things." On October 11, 1958, MAO zedong to Yang shangkun letter also talked about western medicine exit to study Chinese medicine problem, "I see if you can in 1958 each provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions to do a 70 ~ 80 people leave workshops to western medicine for two years in the winter of 1960 or in the spring of 1961, we have about 2000 such combination of Chinese and western senior doctor".

        MAO zedong's "western medicine to study Chinese medicine" attention, at that time encouraged a large number of western medicine in to study traditional Chinese medicine and tides. In December 1955, in Chinese medicine research institute established at the same time, the first western medicine exit to study TCM seminar opening, from the 76 experienced shobach the western medicine two and a half years full-time study traditional Chinese medicine. From the end of 1955 to the beginning of 1956, the ministry of health in Beijing, Shanghai, guangzhou, wuhan, chengdu, tianjin, held 6 period western medicine exit to study Chinese medicine class, from a nationwide transfer part of the medical colleges and universities graduates and have certain clinical experience in western medicine, the system study traditional Chinese medicine theory and treatment technology two and a half years, participate in the study of more than 300 people. On November 18, 1958, MAO zedong in this summary report made important instructions, be sure the practice, said leave held western medicine to study Chinese medicine class "is a great thing, do not take for granted the", and predicted that "which may a few clever theorist". According to statistics, in 1960, a nationwide study traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in about 36000 people, some high-level medical colleges and universities appeared a number of serious learning Chinese medicine activists, and there has been some first-class western medicine experts began to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) into the great treasure, undertook some theoretical exploration, so as to effectively promote the development of the cause of the traditional Chinese medicine and prosperity.

        Learning about traditional Chinese medicine medicine, LiDeQuan in February 1950 at the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine health forum called on the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to put aside their prejudices, and accept new things, learning scientific knowledge, using scientific method; And with western medicine cooperation, and strive to enrich themselves, change their, faithfully serve for the people. Liu shaoqi in June 1951 was also pointed out that the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine have some way of original is bad, especially the Yin and Yang and gold, wood, water, fire and earth shows some theories, the majority is groundless, and western medicine theory is most is a scientific, so he claims to "make the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine gradually learn some modern medical knowledge,... use western medicine to transform and improve the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine". He also thinks "without the help of western medicine, TCM can transform and improve, our country's part of this heritage also cannot carry forward, and do the long". In November 1959, liu shaoqi also said that "the traditional Chinese medicine with modem science, combining can obtain the development".

        At the time, the main way to study western medicine of traditional Chinese medicine is held all kinds of traditional Chinese medicine school or course of traditional Chinese medicine. For example, in July 1950, jilin changchun municipal doctor of traditional Chinese medicine school officially started, to December 1951, recruited two period, 167 study of traditional Chinese medicine, in addition to set up science of acupuncture and moxibustion, Chinese materia medica and formulas of Chinese medicine three traditional Chinese medicine curriculum outside, school main opened the anatomy, physiology, hygiene, pathology, diagnosis and a large number of western medicine course. By the end of 1951, each district people's government health authority has established the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine school and place, different names for traditional Chinese medicine in 101, 1953 years development for Chinese medicine school and place, for traditional Chinese medicine in 131. Can say, carry out the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to western medicine learning activities to improve the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine's political thought, promote between Chinese and western medicine of unity, make the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine doctor way and the organization form of change has played an important role.

        (4) finishing of traditional Chinese medical classics, collecting folk prescription, excavate the treasure of traditional Chinese medicine

        MAO zedong attached great importance to the representative of traditional Chinese medical classics finishing work, he also wants to famous old doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to TCM theory and clinical experiences down, and seriously points out, if do not this, will be our SINS. He also and old doctor of traditional Chinese medicine LiuHuiMin discussed organization learned and old Chinese medicine, in a planned way, the key to some useful of traditional Chinese medical classics of ancient prose from into modern text. Therefore, China academy of traditional Chinese medicine is an established organization experts finishing of traditional Chinese medical classics, and write the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine teaching material nine. On this basis, in 1960, the ministry of health organization in Beijing, Shanghai, guangzhou and other five college of traditional Chinese medicine, and write the China medical history notes ", "of the ancient medical Chinese notes", "the TCM diagnostics notes", "Chinese materia medica notes", "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine formulas of Chinese medicine notes", "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine clinical practice notes", "the science of acupuncture and moxibustion notes", "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine gynecology notes", "the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine pediatrics notes" and so on. In February 1958, the ministry of health issued a "about inheritance and old Chinese medicine academic experience" inform, organizations around a large number of traditional Chinese medicine workers to classical medical books and old Chinese medicine experience were summarized, the summary, the research work. In order to truly finishing folk secret recipe, prescription and serious popularization and application, the People's Daily also issued the "acquisition folk prescription, explore the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine treasure" editorial. So in the national scope, collect a lot of secret recipe, prescription, unilateralism. For example, hebei province to cope with 1958 in baoding at a national work conference of Chinese medicine, especially in the BaoDingShi held the "hebei province traditional Chinese medicine exhibition", a total exhibition physical 1388, ancestral secret recipe, prescription 163754, 73 department work. In addition, each district also caught on the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine under the folk therapy explored, inheritance and research work. The inheritance and research flat music followings bonesetting operation, 1956 years have established the bonesetting hospital, bonesetting institute and research institute, there are nearly 500 medical workers engaged in scientific research, diagnosis and treatment work, but also write out the followings bonesetting study "and so on book.

        (5) ChanXu union, integrating research, strengthen the scientific research and development of traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese materia medica education

        Traditional Chinese medicine is a traditional Chinese physician treating disease main drugs, Chinese materia medica is also the motherland medicine integral part. After new China was founded, the party central committee attaches great importance to traditional Chinese medicine production management, scientific research and the traditional Chinese materia medica knowledge explore collation. 1950 ~ 1954, medicinal materials purchase and wholesale, private business plays the leading role, state-run business only native companies and supply and marketing cooperatives to participate in, the state of Chinese medicine production and marketing management lack of unified leadership and management, Chinese herbal medicine production recovery is comparatively slow, shortage of supply gradually outstanding, has not adapt to the development of medical and public health services needs. In order to change this situation, in 1954, ZhongCaiWei endorse the central business BuDangZu and national supply leading party group on the Chinese herbal medicine business problem report ", decided to set up Chinese medicinal materials company, strengthen the management of traditional Chinese medicine, Chinese medicine unified leadership and management, a key to set up Chinese medicine pharmaceutical factory, pilot Chinese medicine processing, refining and improving the work of dosage form. In order to facilitate coordination, the state has also established the Chinese medicine management committee, the ministry of public health should bear the primary responsibility. In March 1955, ministry of commerce established the Chinese medicinal materials company, from now on the end of the Chinese herbal medicine decentralized management and private business play the leading role of the situation.

        Medicinal materials company set up soon, he caught the basis of traditional Chinese medicine management, Chinese herbal medicine production. The party central committee and the state council attached great importance to Chinese herbal medicine production, 1956 issued by the central committee of the communist party of the national agricultural development outline (draft) "the 17th puts forward," the development of medicinal materials production, pay attention to protect wild medicinal materials, and on which it is based may be conditions, gradually for artificial cultivation. In 1958, the state council issued the "about the development of Chinese herbal medicine production problems instructions", and gradually will Chinese herbal medicine production into the orbit of guidance of the state plan, changed in one thousand to Chinese herbal medicine blind production situation.

        Meanwhile, the state began to establish system of traditional Chinese medicine industry, gradually changed the traditional proprietary Chinese medicine before the shop backcourt production form, will store field apart, concentrated form pharmaceutical factory. 1955 years later, the factory work further widely spread, some large and medium cities have established the proprietary Chinese medicine processing factory and yinpian cutting factory.

        In traditional Chinese medicine scientific research and education aspects, the country has established a group of Chinese medicine research institute, these institutions in herbalism, Chinese traditional medicine cultivation and breeding, Chinese traditional medicine appraisal, proprietary Chinese medicine, new varieties of traditional Chinese medicine research had great achievement. At the same time, the country is still in traditional Chinese medicine the courts generally opened the Chinese traditional medicine of traditional Chinese medicine department or professional.

        epilogue

        In the medical and health conditions are not very developed after the founding, pay attention to the development of Chinese medicine cause results soon revealed, finally benefits or the masses. According to statistics, after the founding of PRC, the countryside almost all is by the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine for disease prevention and treatment, the city accounted for about half. Use the number of traditional Chinese medicine cure, accounting for about 80% of the country's total population. And as in 1954, the xinhua news agency reported, sichuan zigong, longevity and 36 counties organization 779 tour hospital unit, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine accounted for more than 85% of the total number. They went deep into the remote mountain village for farmers cure, only yilong, HongYa 17 counties, such as more than 200 rural tour hospital unit in about two months of treatment the patient has reached more than 30000. Can say, the doctor of traditional Chinese medicine in the inoculation, medical prevention, maternal and child health, flood control and disaster relief all aspects such as play an important role, this means that the traditional Chinese medicine and not ruin feudal things, as long as the dialectical treatment, scientific use, can play a unique role; This also proves that after the founding of the Chinese medicine for policies and measures, in line with China's national conditions and national conditions, representing the people's fundamental interests.

        Back before the founding of the nationalist government to the cause of Chinese medicine discrimination and crowding out, then review after the founding of the first ten years of the communist party of China pay attention to the development of Chinese medicine cause course, old and new contrast, we can see that, only the Chinese communist party and under the leadership of the new China can from the perspective of protecting the people's health, dialectically inherit and carry forward the motherland medicine heritage, for socialist construction service. Although the process is not plain sailing, but with MAO zedong as the core of the party's first generation of central collective leadership can timely correcting some public health administrative departments through the crooked road, formulate scientific and long-term traditional Chinese medicine policy, system to construct Chinese medicine health care, education, scientific research institution, and make traditional Chinese medicine career can maintain and develop their own characteristics, forming a unique, complete theoretical system, more effectively safeguard the people's health, effectively promoted the our country socialism the birth of medical culture, and steadily promote the development of China's socialist health constantly move forward.