Introduction to ancient Chinese medical education government school

Li Weiwei Beijing university of Chinese medicine dongzhimen hospital

China's traditional Chinese medicine to

        The motherland medicine has a long history, from sprout to the development and mature, experienced a long process, but a part of medical education is very important. In 1956 the government of the People's Republic of China established four colleges and universities of Chinese medicine, its foundation is the ancient Chinese medical education in government schools. The author through study "Chinese medicine", the ancient medical education in government schools in China to arrange, drinking water source, for your reference.

        According to the tang dynasty six Canon ", in 443 AD, the liu song dynasty already had preliminary medical education, the northern wei dynasty such as doctor cure too much, cure too much ta medical officer. Sui dynasty has more "cure too much administration"; Department with the main medicine, physician, Dr Dr Herbal garden division, medical, teaching assistant, massage and so on. Medical education in tang dynasty, in the organization, has developed to a more perfect. In 624, the tang government set up a "cure too much agency", by the administration, teaching, medical treatment, it may use composed of four parts. Cure too much agency is medical education institutions and medical units.

        Song dynasty's attention to the cultivation of medical talents, medical education have more development than the tang dynasty. Song cure too much medical administration bureau is not with the function, and designed for medical education institutions. Period, cure too much to return too often temple management, selection and medicine faculty in the academician courtyard, teach "element asked" and "difficult", but small, limited level. In 1060, cure too much bureau for 120 students, courses in addition to the original "element asked", "difficult", "various pathogenic symptom theory" and "holy benevolence formulae, more joined the medica. After wang anshi reform of education, bureau of cure too much improved gradually, the famous "three s law" also to medical education.

        In the Ming dynasty set up a "hospital". Students too hospital is chosen by the physicians' children, known as the "d"; Also choose from medical officer and paramedic around walks to a "hospital" examination, eligible for.

        Qing dynasty, "hospital" with professor teaching the students. Student source by a medical officer walks.

        Under a branch of the author of all previous dynasties government school, curriculum, enrollment scale, etc.

        branch

        In the tang dynasty in our country already has a relatively perfect medical education institutions, and branch, and detailed, it is early in world medical history. Cure too much agency branch are: medical, needles, massage (including &experience), zhou ban.

        Cure too much bureau branch of song dynasty are: Fang Maike, needle and sores.

        Yuan dynasty: generous pulse, the wind, the woman, small square pulse and tongue, eye, throat ulcers, bonesetting gold arrowheads, acupuncture, wish by.

        Ming too hospital set up 13 families, pulse, typhoid fever, generous woman, small square pulse, tongue, throat, ophthalmology, ulcers, bone, gold arrowheads, acupuncture, massage, wish by.

        Branch of medicine, in the qing dynasty had several changes, shunzhi period of 11 families, after gradually reduce, due to merger or cancel to stagnation for five years (1866) with generous vein, small square pulse and tongue throat surgery, ophthalmology, five.

        Period of schooling

        Medical departments in the tang dynasty period of schooling: exercises 7 years; Young five years; Sore swollen five years; Eyes and ears tongue 4 years; The Angle for 3 years.

        , at the beginning of the qing dynasty too hospital halfway houses students eductional systme is three years, admitted to having passed the examination as the expiration of psychotherapists.

        The curriculum

        Tang: must learn "element asked", "huang di", "mai jing", by party a and party b and other basic courses, and then branch of learning.

        Song: don't divided into Fang Maike, needle and sores. This is sorted into common required course "element asked" and "difficult", "theory of various pathogenic symptom, the processes of jiayou materia medica", "the daughter s". Fang Maike subjects of study is: generous vein, small square pulse, the wind, obstetrics, and two add xi mai jing and treatise on febrile disease. Needle of the subjects of study include: acupuncture, tongue, throat, eyes, ears, and learning acupuncture by party a and party b, "Long Mu theory". Sores branch subjects of study are: sore swollen, injured, Jin Chuang, book banned, and learning acupuncture and moxibustion by party a and party b, the thousand Jin Yifang.

        Too hospital textbooks in Ming dynasty mainly for "element asked", "difficult", "compendium", "mai jing", "MaiJue" and important sense of this specialized subject.

        Qing dynasty, so the hospital courses mainly for neijing, treatise on febrile disease and synopsis, compendium of materia medica, etc., and medical books about this specialized subject. After to qianlong fourteen years (1749), "YiZong Jin Jian" also as a textbook.

        Recruitment of students scale

        Tang: in 624, cure too much administration, medical: 40 people; Needle division: 20 people; Massage: 15 people; Zhou ban ke: 10 people.

        Song dynasty: candidates.if your cure too much in office (1078-1078) students are divided into nine professional learning, quota for 300 people. Generous pulse families: 120 people; Wind division: 80 people; Small Fang Maike: 20 people; Sore swollen and broken &experience: 20 people; Obstetric: 10 people; Eye: 20 people; Tongue and throat: 10 people; Acupuncture: 10 people; Jin Chuang and banned books: 10 people.

        Although our country all previous dynasties government has made a contribution on medical education, but due to the limitations of Chinese medicine inheritance way, in fact until the Ming and qing dynasties, main is still shackled medical education and mentoring professor. Until 1956, when the government decided to build 4 in Beijing, Shanghai, chengdu, guangzhou college of traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine colleges and universities to open at the same time ZhongYiXi or add courses of traditional Chinese medicine, from now on, in China's modern history of TCM education officially into the orbit of national higher education. Our present dozens of domestic colleges and universities of Chinese medicine, is from the ancient Chinese government school, Beijing university of Chinese medicine is trying to the government school and teacher DaiTu link up, looking forward to have a better effect.

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