By more than 50% rate of empty nest family how to decipher "pension"

02, 2016 18 08:28:51 source: guangming daily review of 0 to print big words

27 provinces released pension plan (as of February 4, 2016) note: figure identifies the provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) in the implementation plan for the reform of pension system CFP published place

CFP

Drawing: Qiu Yue

CFP diversified pension ways in our country

The past Spring Festival, as ever, every Spring Festival, "HouDiaoShi" migration in China. The old people to stay at home all the year round, and caring children together day and night, is the happiest moment of the year. "Cruel", however, when people seemed to be immersed in the joy of New Year's day, the holiday has been "first long" - a wanderer, left their villages had to step on road, parents went back to the "empty nesters" overnight. When 365 days a year, more than 300 days, the children's absence to elderly people in later life how to guarantee? When our family empty nest elderly rate reached 50%, pension problems how to face? When the old man is not only "empty nest", but also increasingly "disability", "old age in accordance with the" how do you achieve?

1, 70% is part of the city empty nest family: population policy on restructuring

From the one-child policy to "double alone two children", from "separate two children" to "comprehensive two children"... More than 30 years, the family planning policy in terms of population control productive at the same time, lower birth rates, an aging population, gender imbalance and other issues also gradually highlights.

At the Chinese academy of social sciences recently released by the urban blue book: China city development report No. 8, points out that China is accelerating into an aging society, with the decline in fertility, population 2030 years of China's population is expected to appear negative growth.

According to the national bureau of statistics released data show that at the end of 2014 China annual birth population of 16.87 million people, the birth rate was 12.37 ‰, death population of 9.77 million, the population mortality rate was 7.16 ‰, the natural population growth rate was 5.21 ‰.

Comb through, however, it is not hard to find, in the 2006 s and 2011 s, although the natural population growth rate in China has been in decline, but the natural population growth rate in 2013 from 2007 to 2014, the highest level. Population research institute of Beijing university professor ola nygren pointed out, this is "due to the adjustment of the family planning policy in 2013, nearly two years the natural population growth rate to rise".

Facing social demographic dividend gradually away, people's childbearing willing to rise, "comprehensive two children" is a national population policy adjusted once again. The new policy will not only improve the structure of population, also will moderate ease the risk resistance ability of the family and the elderly dependency burden. In ola nygren view, however, the recovery rate is not big, the fertility rate upward rebound after a period of time will decline, "because when policy adjustment, the couple plan to have children have had four or five years, after may have a certain degree of decline."

At the end of 2014, 60 and above in China has a population of more than 212 million, the proportion of total population of 15.5%, of which 65 years old and older population proportion of the population has reached 10.1%. No country in the world more than the number of elderly people. The aging of the population pressure in the pension security, medical resource allocation, elderly care, and many other aspects. At present, more than 40000 all kinds of endowment institutions of the country, but the real medical service ability of a little more than 20%.

According to the central party school work in the ageing and pension research of Dr Yuan article introduces, especially in our country, the basic is a "9073" endowment patterns: 90% of the elderly through the family pension, 7% of the elderly through community old-age care implementation, 3% of the elderly at endowment institutions focus on pension. However, due to the Chinese families tend to be core and miniaturization, the average family size is only 3.1 people, family empty nest elderly rate rising sharply.

Empty nest family, refers to the children out for a long time, the old man lives alone. , according to data from the ministry of civil affairs at present China's urban and rural empty nest families more than 50%, some large and medium cities reached 70%, of which rural left-behind elderly population of about 40 million people, accounting for 37% of the rural elderly population.

Associated with aging, aging is disability, old man, half fail number is growing. In 2014, our country disability and part of the loss to the old man is nearly 40 million. "Relatives of the death of a spouse, lost their ability to care for the old man is by the children take turns to support, each support time ranged from a few months to a year." City of henan province nanyang young white-collar xiaoyu yuan told reporters that there are some local disability, the old man to move to other place for children, don't have all the year round, pension problems become long plagued their "ineffable pain".

2, 6 provinces gap: more than 160 billion yuan on sustainable social security system

Population aging on the impact of the social old-age security increase year by year. Data show that in recent years, the social security fund income average annual growth from 20% to 20%, the high spending growth.

Newly released at the Chinese academy of social sciences revealed that China's pension development report 2015, 31 provinces, eight provinces collects pay income than spending in 2014, less than last year 4. Balance of guangdong 63.425 billion yuan for each province in the highest. The rest of the 23 provinces in the pension close not deducted from the current fiscal subsidies for the situation, liaoning, hebei, heilongjiang, hubei, hunan and jilin provinces gap a total of 166.682 billion yuan.

People club department spokesman sasihorfswe has previously explained, the current pension province increased spending is greater than the fund raising income. The main reason is: annuities treatment level raise continuously, spending increases; Population ageing effect appeared gradually, the number of retired people growth is higher than in ginseng protect personnel to pay; In some parts of the pension is higher, the heavier burden.

He also pointed out that the first 10 months of 2015, the national fund income over total more than 2100 one hundred million yuan, the vast majority of provinces junction of fund accumulative total balance fund payments for more than eight months, overall fund running smoothly, to ensure that the current endowment insurance pay to pay.

"But in the long run, if you don't improve the existing old-age security system, in coming decades social security fund will quickly consumption. Must be set up as soon as possible the government, society and individuals share the reasonable and sustainable pension security system of market economy, the long-term actuarial balance." Peking University school of economics said cheng wai, director of the department of risk management and insurance.

"Much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning advice explicitly pointed out that to build a more fair, more sustainable social security system, which put forward" to realize the worker fundamental annuities national plan as a whole "" establish reasonable basic pension adjustment mechanism". "The implementation of primary endowment insurance to plan as a whole across the country, can dissolve the region burden than difference, to help each other in all aid function into full play." People club department, director of the institute of social security Jin Weigang pointed out.

"In 2016, our country will be more fair, more sustainable as the goal, pay more attention to deepening the reform of social security system." One club, Yin weimin, minister, old-age insurance system will be introduced in 2016 the overall reform and other major reform measures, formulate a worker fundamental annuities national overall solutions, incremental delay retirement age and other major reform measures. At the same time, promote the old-age insurance system in government institutions reform implementation, to ensure stable operation. To formulate the basic old-age insurance fund investment management measures and specific measures, steadily push forward the fund investment operation.

"The next step, we should vigorously develop occupational pension, enterprise annuity, commercial endowment insurance, give full play to the role of market mechanism, mobilize social forces, most of the pension liability from the government of a single pillar of endowment insurance system to the government enterprises share personal pension liability of multi-level, multi-pillar pension security system change." The world social security research center director zheng bing said at the Chinese academy of social sciences.

3, thousands of the old man had 27.5 beds &personnel: "d" "pet" docking

Two years ago, the mother of TaoYi due to cerebral infarction was taken to a hospital in anhui province, TaoYi found his burden weighs a lot. When I heard that the first people's hospital group in hefei binhu hospital medical a combination of old families, TaoYi send mother to the past.

TaoYi calculated to reporters, bill, when the mother body uncomfortable need to "cure", can enjoy medical insurance reimbursement, latest treatment cost 9000 yuan, the reimbursement only paid about 2000 yuan. When the mother's body better need to "raise", pay a monthly fees, beds, cost about 4000 yuan.

Since 2016, medical and health institutions and pension institutions will gradually establish and improve the cooperation mechanism. But overall, "d" and "raise" butt still need to speed up reforms.

At present, China's per thousand of the elderly have pension beds of 27.5, unable to meet the demand. The ministry of civil affairs says, "much starker choices-and graver consequences-in" period, should strive to achieve every thousands of elderly population has endowment 35 ~ 40 beds; Type of nursing beds are not less than 30%. Urban and rural low standard average annual growth rate of 10% or more.

Party's 18 points out, "coping with an ageing population, to develop the aging services and industry". In the face of an ageing population, the aging services and industry also faces many challenges. Both endowment, the number of beds and pension institutions of quality; Whether life care, long-term care, medical rehabilitation marketing service delivery model, or a mixed mode provided by the government and the market, all need to further improve the policy and system.

At present, the more have begun to explore the medical raise pension mode. In 2016, the city of Beijing, chaoyang, haidian, shunyi, five in miyun area pilot "disability subsidy", the economic difficulties of old age and disability subsidies in the elderly, not less than 300 yuan a month, help them to improve the ability of purchase home endowment service; In guangxi, by 2020, to build up the basic function perfect, covering urban and rural old-age service system, conform to the standards of basic covers urban community, community home endowment service center with pension 35 beds per thousand of the elderly, the care for more than 15 beds, healthy endowment services and related industrial added value of 200 billion yuan, built around 15 bigger, function perfect pension service area; Hebei will improve the medical institutions and pension institutions cooperation mechanism, encourage conditional general hospital (including traditional Chinese medicine hospitals) and community health service centers in accordance with the relevant provisions in the nearby clinic within the eligible pension institutions, encourage eligible pension institutions to carry out the medical services.

Wang zhongming, vice director of the national social security fund council said, to give full play to the potential of existing labor, to construct an effective social security system, "let the pension from the Angle of the original family and generation, each generation can accumulate your own future. Since their work let every labor can be responsible for their old age, but don't let the sons, daughters, grandsons to responsible. Because from the perspective of labor supply, they are the most effective in the whole society, the most vitality of supplier of labor, to find ways to free them, is to improve the original intention of old-age security system, is also the root of the social security system restore."

(our reporter Qiu Yue Mr Liu)