General office of the national health and family planning commission of core information issued by the health education of the floating population and commentaries on the notification

The national health and family planning commission of the People's Republic of China

The 2016-06-14

Countries who do flow tube letter [2016] no. 631

Provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government and cities under separate state planning and health and family planning commission, the xinjiang production and construction corps health, population and family planning commission.

Equal basic public health to promote the floating population family planning services, to strengthen health education of the floating population, improve the level of health literacy of the floating population, by organizing experts to write the "floating population health education core information and interpretation" (which can be downloaded from the national health and family planning commission web site). Hereby printed and distributed to you, for your reference.

General office of national health and family planning commission

On June 12, 2016

Health education core information and interpretations of the floating population

First, basic health management

(a) left his hometown in the lives and work to pay more attention to health.

Definition: to leave home, away from home struggle, to realize their own value, to family and children live more happiness. The first wealth is health, is the basis of creating a better life. Lose health, not only can not earn money, but also because of sickness poor. In order to yourself and family happiness, must protect yourself and your family's health.

(2) the health problems in a timely manner to the nearest community health service institutions to find a doctor, can enjoy the free state of basic public health and family planning services.

Definition: the country to provide a basic public health and family planning services, the defined () in the streets, villages and towns residents living for more than six months, without being limited by the household registration, can the city street community health service center, station, or in the villages and towns township hospitals and village clinics free access to basic medical and health institutions, such as the provisions of the state of basic public health services and family planning services.

At present, the national basic public health services including urban and rural residents' health records management, health education, prevention and vaccination, 0 to 6 years old child health, maternal health management, the elderly health management, health management for patients with chronic diseases, severe mental disorders, patients with tuberculosis health management, health management of traditional Chinese medicine, infectious diseases and public health emergencies reporting and handling, health supervision, assist in 12 classes, family planning services include basic contraceptives, service of family planning operation, etc.

(3) health hotline "12320" and the "12356" sunshine family planning hotline to provide patient free health knowledge, health consulting services for family planning policies and regulations.

Explanation: the government public hotline 12320 belongs to the health industry, can be accepted for public health emergencies and violation of public health laws and regulations on case reports, complaints, accepted by the public opinions and Suggestions for the work of public health, provide our country's laws, regulations and policies as well as public health for disease control and prevention and health care consulting services, etc.

Sun family planning service hotline 12356 for the general public and family contraceptive birth control, eugenics, scientific parenting, sexual and reproductive health, HIV/AIDS and infertility of counseling and guidance.

Second, the medical and health care

(4) to timely medical treatment after falling ill, was preferred to community health service institutions, not to "black clinic", according to the doctor's advice with medicine.

Explanation: find the health problems and disease, to seize the best opportunity to take timely measures, attaches great importance to the early symptoms of disease, if you are unwell, want to see a doctor to formal medical institutions in a timely manner and do early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment. "Slight illness in the community, to the hospital, rehabilitation back to the community". Common disease and frequently-occurring disease patients preferred community health service institutions (hospital), rather than blindly to tertiary hospital, can save time and cost, and avoid unnecessary waste. Community health service institutions including community health service centers/stations, in towns and townships/hospital, where doctors work is a government medical license issued by the administrative department of health, can provide detailed and comprehensive health services for patients. Not in the "black clinic of no medical license" to see a doctor.

Any medicine, western medicine, etc.) in (adverse reactions, drug follow the doctor's advice to achieve the desired therapeutic effect, cannot be used without authorization, disable, or increase or decrease doses, otherwise it may cause serious consequences.

(5) to participate in the urban and rural residents basic medical insurance or worker, can apply to the latter social security department for transferring relationship of insurance of primary medical treatment.

Definition: at present, our country residents in cities and towns after obtain employment, can participate in worker is basic medical treatment insurance. To participate in urban and rural residents or worker in fixed-point medical institutions for medical treatment of insurance of primary medical treatment, proportion of reimbursement medical fees according to regulations. In accordance with the "social insurance law of the People's Republic of China" and other relevant provisions, individual employment as a whole from one area, its relationship with my transfer of insurance of primary medical treatment, capture expends fixed number of year will be accumulated.

Third, the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases

(6) wash their hands, not with others sharing towels, toothbrushes and razors and other toiletries, prevent infectious diseases.

Definition: every man's hand is contact item most parts of the body, so also the easiest way to trap bacteria and virus, if not washing hands after contact with eyes, nose, and with his finger food, it is easy to infectious diseases. Before using the toilet before and after go home remember to do first is to wash your hands with clean water and soap.

Brush your teeth in the morning and evening, rinse your mouth after eating, frequently wash hair and take a shower, one basin to a towel, not with others sharing towels, toothbrushes and razors and other toiletries, prevent infectious eye diseases, skin diseases and other diseases.

(7) got infectious diseases on the diagnosis and treatment in time, to return home and in spite of the long distance medical will miss the best treatment time.

Paraphrase: got infectious diseases on the diagnosis and treatment in time, by protective measures to the doctor's advice, to return home and in spite of the long distance medical treatment not only will miss the best treatment time, also is likely to be infectious to others.

(eight), cough, sputum, for more than 2 weeks should be suspected of tuberculosis, to visit in a timely manner. Tuberculosis patients should stay at home to complete the entire treatment to prevent drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Explanation: through the respiratory tract tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease transmission, mainly through inhalation of tuberculosis patient cough, sputum, sneezes or speak loudly with n/med tuberculosis bacterium of droplets and spread. Common symptoms of tuberculosis cough, sputum, if these symptoms last more than 2 weeks, should be highly suspected of tuberculosis, to visit in a timely manner. Tuberculosis also accompanied by blood in the sputum, fever, night sweating, can the afternoon fever, chest pain, fatigue, weight loss, breathing difficulties and other symptoms. People who work with TB patients live together, my roommates are close contacts of tuberculosis patients, be affected n/med tuberculosis bacterium, should be timely to the hospital to check out.

Suspected of tuberculosis, to visit the medical establishment that decide a dot in a timely manner to the local tuberculosis. County/district, flag), cities and provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) with tuberculosis medical establishment that decide a dot area. In accordance with the requirements specification treatment, doctors most TB patients can be cured. Himself back to health, at the same time protect the family. If not standard treatment, prone to drug-resistant tuberculosis. Once the patient resistance, cure rate is low, the high cost of treatment, social harm.

Four, occupational health and mental health

(9) understand occupational harmful factors, correctly wear and use personal protective equipment, strengthen the consciousness of occupational protection.

Explanation: occupational harmful factors is also called the occupational-disease-inductive factors, refers to produce in the occupational activities and (or) exist, may working group on the adverse impact on health, safety and operation ability of the factors or conditions, including chemical, physical, biological, and other factors. Laborer can know through the following way of management of occupational harmful factors that exist in the workplace: (1) the labor contract; (2) equipment specifications in Chinese; (3) material specifications in Chinese; (4) during the pre-job training and on-the-job training; (5) the warning mark and warning message; (6) consulting the occupational disease prevention and control of professional organizations, etc.

Personal protective equipment is also called personal occupational-disease-prevention articles, refers to the laborers in labor for defense outside factors such as physical, chemical and biological damage and wear, and daub, general use of all kinds of things, is the last, the prevention and control of occupational diseases, protect laborers' health is one of the most key protection.

Contact workers should understand the workplace occupational harmful factors of occupational harmful factors and possible consequences, prevention, control and rescue measures, conscientiously implement the relevant system and procedures, wearing ppe correctly, make the corresponding protective measures, strengthen the self-protection.

If laborer suspect oneself have the occupational disease, can be to the approval of the provincial family planning administrative department of public health, released by the occupational disease diagnosis mechanism for occupational disease diagnosis. To which the occupational disease diagnosis mechanism diagnosis, laborer's option. "Occupational disease prevention law" article 45 regulation, the laborer may at the location of the unit of choose and employ persons, census register seat or habitual residence shall bear the occupational-disease-specific healthcare agency. The laborers suffer injury or occupational disease in accordance with law, enjoy treatment of inductrial injury insurance.

(10) aware of occupational health protection that laborer should enjoy rights. The laborers engaged in the occupational-disease-inductive homework should attend mount guard before, during and leave the on-the-job occupational health examination.

Definition: the following occupational health protection of laborers rights. (1) the right to education and training. Unit of choose and employ persons shall have the duty to the occupational health training before taking up their jobs and workers on-the-job during regular occupational health training. (2) professional and health. To the laborers engaged in occupational-disease-inductive operation, unit of choose and employ persons obligated in accordance with the relevant regulations, organizational and leave during pre-service, on-the-job occupational health examination. When the laborer occupational disease, unit of choose and employ persons shall, in accordance with the provisions of the state, the occupational-disease victims treated, rehabilitated. (3) the occupational-disease-inductive 'right to know. Unit of choose and employ persons and worker sign labor contract, it shall be in the process of the work of occupational hazard and its consequences, occupational disease protective measures, such as truthfully inform the workers, and in the labor contract. (4) to obtain the right to labor protection. Unit of choose and employ persons should deploy effective occupational-disease-prevention facilities, and provide the laborers with to meet the requirements of the occupational disease prevention of occupational-disease-prevention articles, this is unit of choose and employ persons is an obligation. (5) of accusation, complaints. If the employee found violating the occupational-disease-prevention laws and regulations of unit of choose and employ persons and life-threatening health behavior, have the right to criticize the unit of choose and employ persons, and shall have the right to the relevant authorities to impeach and charge. (6) refused to work. "Illegal orders" and "the operation without protective measures" will cause great threat to workers' health and safety, so the workers shall have the right to refuse, have the right to criticize the relevant personnel and unit of choose and employ persons, and shall have the right to the relevant authorities to impeach and charge. (7) to participate in the democratic management. Participate in the democratic management of the employer's occupational health work, put forward opinions and Suggestions with regard to the occupational-disease-prevention operation. In order to ensure laborer exercise their right of the occupational health protection, the newly revised "law on the prevention and control of occupational diseases special provisions: due to the laborer's exercise of legal rights and reduce the treatment such as wages, welfare, or remove, terminate the labor contracts concluded with, their behavior is invalid.

Unit of choose and employ persons to the laborers engaged in the occupational-disease-inductive factors work in accordance with the law for occupational health examination, including mount guard before, during and leave the on-the-job occupational health examination. After the inspection, inform the workers of unit of choose and employ persons should be check the result.

Health examinations before taking up their purpose: to find the presence of occupational taboos, establish the basis of the occupational-disease-inductive factors personnel health records. Science evaluation by check before mount guard, laborer is suitable to be engaged in the work of work. : the purpose of on-the-job during regular health checks whether workers for continue to be engaged in the work assignment; The early detection of the occupational disease patients or suspected patients with occupational disease or other abnormal changes of health workers; Timely find the laborers have occupational taboo; Through dynamic observation laborer group health changes, evaluation of the workplace occupational-disease-inductive factors control effect. Leave the occupational health examination: the purpose of is to understand the health of the worker leave work to distinguish the responsibility of the health damage.

(11) into the new environment actively, much associate with neighbours, learn to self adjustment, such as depression and anxiety, seek psychological support and doctors to help.

Explanation: in the land, the living environment change, job changes, its pressure get bigger, prone to depression and anxiety. At this time is the best way to ease pressure and neighbors, friends, villagers walking more and more exchanges, say heart depressed, life's hardships, homesick mood, share the joy of success, let go of heart, actively adapt to the new environment, make new friends. However, if persistent, depressed, depressed or upset, very uncomfortable and unable to comfort; Are not interested in daily activities; Lose faith in work and life; Don't want to go to a friend and countryman party; Have low self-esteem, self-blame and guilt, feel the prospects, unable to extricate themselves on their pain situation, appear even suicidal thoughts, then must go to community health service center or hospital, seek medical help and psychological support.

Five, sex and reproductive health

(12) the proper use of condoms, reduce the risk of HIV infection, venereal disease.

Paraphrase: set up the health positive love, marriage, family and sexual attitudes. At present, sexual transmission has become the main route of transmission of AIDS, venereal diseases. In terms of prevention of AIDS, venereal diseases, condom is a protective wall, in the process of sexual intercourse can avoid direct contact with sexual partners body fluids or blood semen, vaginal secretions, so as to effectively reduce the infection risk of AIDS, venereal diseases.

Adopting safe sex, avoid sexual partners, unprotected high-risk sexual behavior, such as the proper use of qualified condoms can prevent HIV infection through sexual contact, sexually transmitted diseases. If not used correctly (e.g., use before ejaculation) or does not insist on using a condom, will greatly reduce its protective effect. Therefore, before the use should know and master the correct way of using the condom, to check the validity of the condom before intercourse, after opening to check the situation such as presence of rupture, deterioration, in use process should avoid slippage or broken.

(13) of child-bearing age women should choose safe birth control, to prevent unwanted pregnancies, reduce and avoid artificial abortion. Free contraceptives for couples of childbearing age in the present residence.

Explanation: unintended pregnancy and abortion on women's physical and mental have bigger harm, to its partner or family will produce adverse effect. Therefore, lovers or couples of child-bearing age should combine their own actual situation to choose safe and effective contraceptive measures, such as consistent use of condoms, placed intrauterine device (ring), oral or injection, ligation, long-acting contraception after taking measures such as emergency contraception, avoid accidental pregnancy, to reduce and avoid artificial abortion.

In family planning technical service institutions at all levels, maternal and child health care services for family planning, township family planning and other locations by family planning professionals free contraceptives. The "one-stop" service hall, community health service institutions, part of the field, village, hospital, pharmacy, hotel, the floating population concentration) equipped with contraceptives free machine, etc, provide 24 hours service, invite for the masses. Some areas also launched via the Internet free contraceptives, a related website, after payment of Courier fees, by express delivery.

(14) couples of childbearing age in living DeXianJi fixed-point services enjoy free pregnancy eugenics health check.

Definition: to prevent birth defects, improve birth population quality, our country launched a free health check items before childbirth, pregnant couples for agricultural census register program provided free eugenics health education, history, physical examination, clinical laboratory examination, imaging examination, risk assessment, pregnancy eugenics services such as consulting guidance. The expenditures of a free service provided by the central and local finance. The floating population in line with the one child policy in agriculture census register plan pregnant couples, before trying to conceive to living DeXianJi fixed-point services, including family planning technical service institution and general hospital, maternal and child health care institutions, receive free eugenics health examination before childbirth, obtain eugenic counseling service, preparing themselves pregnancy gave birth to healthy baby.

At present, our country has 22 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and the cities under separate state planning under the local public finance support, already will enjoy free pregnancy eugenics health check target populations from agricultural census register and expand to urban residents, the floating population of urban household registration plan pregnant couples can also be used in a dwelling place to get free pregnant eugenics health inspection service. Details can be consulting local family planning administrative department of public health.

(15) women during pregnancy to accept at least five times antenatal examination, in hospital childbirth, ensure maternal and child health and reduce birth defects.

Definition: after pregnancy in time to the service of midwifery JianKa, accept antenatal examination, if the pregnancy to accept at least five times antenatal examination. During pregnancy, if return home or go out to give, to carry good prenatal records to the new residence of midwifery service agencies to register, and continuous accept antenatal examination. If the obstetrician advice needs to be done prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis, should receive prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis, reduce birth defects. All maternal hospital childbirth, to ensure the safety of maternal and infant.

Six, children's health

(16) the child is born or where we are going to change life, to the nearest vaccination outpatient service registration, vaccination, on time due to miss the vaccination to reseed as soon as possible.

Paraphrase: vaccination is the most effective prevention of infectious diseases, the most economical means. A vaccine can make the body to produce immunity to infection. Implement A vaccination certificate system for children in our country, the type of vaccine for free with school-age children, including: the hepatitis b vaccine and BCG, polio, pertussis, diphtheria, tetanus vaccine combination vaccine, measles, rubella combined vaccine, measles, rubella, mumps combined vaccine, A group of epidemic encephalitis vaccine, A + C group of epidemic encephalitis vaccine, je vaccine, hepatitis A vaccine, diphtheria, tetanus vaccines, etc., 12 kinds of infection, prevention of infectious diseases.

Child was born one month should be to live in towns and townships/community health service center for vaccination certificate, each time of vaccination should carry the vaccination certificate, when children in the kindergarten, entrance need to check the vaccination certificate. Vaccination is the basic rights of children, children's guardians shall be in accordance with the procedures on time with the children vaccinated, because home to visit or move between cities of miss vaccination to reseed as soon as possible.

(17) parents should try to bring the children around, especially the 0 to 3 years old infants and young children's early development is particularly critical.

Definition: parents for the family to earn money, should try to overcome difficulties and bring 0 to 16 years old children in side, try not to long-term separation with children.

Take 0 to 6 years old children in time to the community health service center, township hospitals (hospitals) to participate in regular physical examination (child care), focus on the development of the children's growth and mental behavior. Especially the 0 to 3 years old is the key period for the brain and body development, providing children with good nutrition, rich in the early stimulation, promotes the development of children intelligence and psychological, miss this period, nutrition and education it is difficult to make up for the late. Promote early childhood development, parental love cannot be replaced.

(18) parents should strengthen the protection and safety education to the health of children, avoid to look after children in production and operation places, avoid and reduce the accidental injury in children.

Definition: accident harm to children's health and life safety influence is very big, parents must be on high alert, especially the daily life of a parent or maintenance people should have a strong awareness and eliminate the living environment in various security hidden danger in time, usually pay attention to strengthen the positive education and guide of children. Sites of production and business operation environment complex, resulting in children have a higher risk of accident harm, should avoid to look after the children in the sites of production and business operation, minimize children's accidental injury events happen.

Seven, love left-behind children and the elderly

(19) often contact the left-behind children and the elderly in the old, the exchange, liable to raise and support actively.

Definition: go out in the outside, is to old people and children live more happy at home. If the children in the process of growth from parents warm feelings, so they will be in the life is full of confidence, with positive optimistic attitude towards life. A lifetime to industry still guarding the parents hoarders, they are in the children's miss, far more than the attention to your body. A phone call, a message will bring infinite joy to children, to the elderly spiritual solace. So many communication with the elderly and children, from matter to spirit give them support and care, and try to find time to get some more free look at home, to their child rearing, the parents support, only in this way can left-behind children happy growth, left-behind old people to live.