Side of traditional Chinese medicine (17) of the strong intellectual zizhi

Zizhi medicinal materials name 】 【

\"Pinyin\" Z ǐ useful and

[English] Ganoderma Sinensis

Black cheese, alias 】 【 XuanZhi

【 origin 】 polypores for secco fungi zizhi, Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang fruiting body. After wash mud, dry.

Suberin, lid 】 【 original form a semicircle to kidney, a few suborbicular, large individual width up to 20 cm, general individual 4.7 x 4 cm, small individual 2 x 1.4 cm, surface black, with a gloss paint samples, has a circular concentric rib and radial rib. Bacteria flesh rust brown. Bacteria tube mouth and bacteria flesh color, nozzle round, 5 per millimeter. Stipe lateral, up to 15 cm long, about 2 cm in diameter, black, shiny. Spores are broadly ovoid, 10 ~ 12.5 x 7 ~ 12.5 um, inside is significantly small warts.

More habitat division 】 【 was born near the ground or on pine, hardwood timber or born in conifer deadwood. Produced in hebei, shandong, jiangsu, zhejiang, jiangxi, guangdong, guangxi, fujian, Taiwan.

【 characteristics 】 see \"plant\" form. Special and light taste.

Chemical composition 】 【 fruiting body and mycelium protein, amino acids, sugars, coumarin, steroids and terpene compound. Fruiting body and grease, wax content, volatile and sublimation material.

Sex, sex flavor 】 【 slightly bitter taste.

With the function of attending 】 【 ganoderma lucidum.

[from] the Chinese medicine dictionary

The basic explanation:

1. One of the types of fungi. Ganoderma lucidum. Semicircular pileus, auburn above, luster and moire; Pale yellow, with fine holes. Long stipe, luster. In tree root. Can be used as a medicine, sexual flavour gan, wen can beneficial nutrients, strong bones and muscles. The ancients thought the grass. Taoist thought of immortality. Han wang chong test on operator \":\" early built for three years, lingling spring ling woman Fu Ning curtilage, five soils begot cheese grass, the elders' four or five \", seven or eight inches shorter, assists stem color, cover zizhi, also.\" Tang ouyang zhan \"Jane auspicious theory\", \"zizhi originated in oasis, since he is in harmony shrine.\" \"History As A Mirror back rest, all of the first year of Wang Zhenming\" : \"delayed his seventeen years of quanzhou, collectors of cas. Get white deer and zizhi, monk grandsoo Thought the king.\" Refer to the Ming Li shizhen \"compendium of materia medica, vegetables five cheese\".

2. The sage. \"Huai south son\" Chu true training \", \"wushan, downwind arson, paste Xia Zizhi, with every Xiao Yi death.\" High note: lure \"cream in the summer, zizhi YuXianZhi, shaw, ai, base grass. All corrupt.\" \"Old tang book · Yang Yanchuan\" : \"filial mourning, lu in the tomb, tears flow, a zizhi, white finch said, righteousness Lv watch the door.\" Zizhi,

Zizhi,

Purple Ganoderma lucidum is fungus of division of polypores zizhi Ganoderma sinense Zhao, Xu et Zhang fruiting body.

[documents] : violet lucid ganoderma, cheese, cheese, ganoderma lucidum, wooden cheese, glossy ganoderma in China.

[fuel] : after wash mud, dry.

: chemical composition 】 【 fruiting body and mycelium protein, amino acids, sugars, coumarin, steroids and terpene compound. Fruiting body and grease, wax content, volatile and sublimation material.

【 sex flavor 】 : light, temperature, slightly bitter taste.

: attending function 】 【 can fill strong intellectual, calming nerves in the beneficial stomach, is used for neurasthenia, insomnia, stomach, indigestion, junduqing solution, there are certain anti-cancer effect.

Pileus suberin, semicircle to kidney, a few suborbicular, large individual width up to 20 cm, general individual 4.7 x 4 cm, small individual 2 x 1.4 cm, surface black, with a gloss paint samples, has a circular concentric rib and radial rib. Bacteria flesh rust brown. Bacteria tube mouth and bacteria flesh color, nozzle round, 5 per millimeter. Stipe lateral, up to 15 cm long, about 2 cm in diameter, black, shiny. Spores are broadly ovoid, 10 ~ 12.5 x 7 ~ 12.5 um, inside is significantly small warts. Wild purple ganoderma lucidum

Wild purple ganoderma lucidum

Zizhi,

Zizhi,

Zizhi, the species in the world are mainly distributed in Asia, Australia, Africa and America's tropical and subtropical, few in temperate zone. Is located in the northern hemisphere temperate zone of only four of the genus zizhi, Europe, and North America, about 5 kinds. Our country across the tropical to cool, zizhi, variety and wide distribution. Zizhi, domestic distribution: China's zizhi, total fungal natural distribution characteristic is outnumbered in the northwest to the southeast. If everything is in the greater hinggan mountains in northeast south direction in southeastern Tibet draw a slash, zizhi distribution can be divided into two different regions, is a zizhi, families and species distribution in conformity with the topography and geomorphology, the ecological environment in our country. Known this line west of due to drought and cold, lack of zizhi reproductive growth of natural conditions, only the distribution of tree (Ganodermaapplanatum) and tongue zizhi (G.l ucidum) two kinds. Found in qinghai, xinjiang and ningxia almost no common zizhi (included). Will the line according to the north and the south east region of the changes of climate and vegetation types and zizhi, kind of

Distribution is roughly in the south of nanling southern guangdong, fujian and Taiwan and hainan, Hong Kong. Also include in xishuangbanna in yunnan province and the southeast of Tibet. In these areas of the tropical monsoon forest area is the typical tropical zizhi (Ganodermatropicum), hot zizhi (right alidophilum), curved handle zizhi (G.f lexipes), sessile zizhi (G.r esinaceum), BoShuZhi (right apense), back handle zizhi (right ochlear), glue lines zizhi (g. oningsbergii), Huang Kong zizhi (G.o roflavum), purple light zizhi (G.v alesiaum), black meat fake cheese (Amaurodermaniger), knit cap fake cheese (A.r uda), coffee spore cheese (Humphreyacoffeatum), long handle comb spore cheese (Haddowialongipes). Other and hainan zizhi (we ainanense), black zizhi (G.a trum), Huang Zizhi (g. ultiplicatum), the great circle zizhi (G.r otundatum) zizhi, tea disease (G.t heaecolum), brown spots zizhi (G.f ulvellum), big Kong Zizhi (g. agniporum), yellow edge zizhi (G.l uteomarginatum), ochre paint zizhi (G.o chrolaccatum), tongue with handle tree (G.g ibbosum), rubber tongue (G.p hilippii), triangular tree tongue (G.t riangulatum), southern zizhi (G.a ustrale) false, macroporous cheese (Amaurodermabataanense), black paint fake cheese (A.e xile), rough handle fake cheese (A.e lmerianum) and two spore fake cheese (A.s ubresinosum), etc., a total of 66 species, accounting for 66% of the total known zizhi. In the area of zizhi, new species have been discovered. Zizhi,

Fold the subtropical

Zizhi,

Zizhi,

Generally include nanling between qinling mountains north of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river region. Evergreen broad-leaved forest in the region is representative of raw zizhi (Ganodermasinensis), long spore zizhi (G.b oninense), zizhi (G.l ucidum), sichuan zizhi (G.s ichuanense), holes, chestnut brown zizhi (G.d ahlii), hard Kong Zizhi (G.d uropora), arch zizhi (G.f ornicatum), sessile zizhi (g. astoporum), central zizhi (g. ediosinense), brown tree tongue (G.b rownii), the stack tree tongue (G.l obatum), fujian fake cheese (Amaurodermafujianense), fake cheese (A.r ugosum), jiangxi fake cheese (a. iangxiense), ear spoon fake cheese (A.a uriscalpium), small spore zizhi (g. icrosporum), black fake cheese (A.n iger), etc., a total of 25 species, accounting for 25% of the total zizhi, class. With zizhi and zizhi, more widely distributed. In addition the region is China's zizhi class transition zone of the distribution of north and south.

Zizhi,

Its scope includes qinling northeast to xiao xing. With liaoning south and north China and belongs to the warm temperate deciduous broad-leaved forest, namely the north of liaoning in northeast China is mainly in the temperate zone, hinggan mountains mountains cool coniferous forest region, is now in the cheese zizhi, the developments of the genus endemic tree (Ganodermatsugae), zizhi (G.l ucidum), tree tongue (G.a pplanatum), umbrella zizhi (G.s ubumbraculum) and Mongolia zizhi (g. ongolicum). Tongue and zizhi tree is two kind of the most widely distributed in China, the former kind of 27 provinces and autonomous regions, and then kind of distribution in 19 provinces and regions. Mongolia zizhi, originally discovered in the northern hebei province, in the greater hinggan mountains in Inner Mongolia, north near also. Currently cultivated species, in addition to zizhi, (included), the developments of tree cheese quality best, in South Korea, Japan and China's Taiwan province cultivated production large, generally. Artificial production in our country at present the most main is more than two, the second is the lp BoZhi (G.t enue), widely zizhi, and low production. Known species in China, the domestication cultivation and know its name is less than 10%, visible from wild species domestication of moral good strains of production, or has the efficacy of great potential.

Fold the distribution

1. Zizhi GanodermaeLucidi produced in east China, southwest and jilin, hebei, shanxi, jiangxi, guangdong, guangxi, hainan and other places, have cultivated. All over the country.

2. Zizhi GanodermaeSinensis produced in zhejiang, jiangxi, hunan, sichuan, fujian, guangxi, guangdong, hainan and other places, has cultivated. All over the country. The cultivation of medicinal plants and animals.

Folding edit this paragraph is included

Zizhi - growth environment

Zizhi - growth environment

Joined included in Chinese pharmacopoeia 2000, zizhi, several varieties of ganoderma lucidum, medical use and included zizhi is more, artificial cultivation is both multiple, so is there any difference between the two? Has often been asked this question: zizhi, better or included better? Why good? From the following < < cultivation and included zizhi medicinal plants cultivation, the comparison of chemical composition > > research analysis: included medicinal is superior to zizhi:

We know that included the most bitter, bitter pills may have wholesome effects, Chinese medicine generally, and zizhi, taste light, it's not that hard, even in the artificial cultivation of ganoderma lucidum have not bitter phenomenon, and why bitter? Modern medicine, the chemical analysis showed that the bitter and if its not the ganoderma lucidum acid material in the ganoderma lucidum, triterpene compound, this is why ganoderma lucidum bitter?

So what role does the triterpene substances?

Ganoderma lucidum acid (Ganodenic acid)

Is triterpene ganoderma lucidum acid substances, currently has more than 100 kinds of isolated, general bitter taste of ganoderma lucidum ganoderma lucidum acid content is higher. Ganoderma lucidum acid has strong pharmacological activities, there is pain, sedation, inhibition of histamine release, detoxification, protect liver, poison tumor cells, and other functions.

Triterpene function:

Reduce the cholesterol in the blood, the function of the three glycerides, lipoprotein, thus inhibiting platelet coagulation, help blood circulation, remove blood clots, increase metabolism, so that the body balance condition of health.

So, to liver function, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, blood diseases, cancer adjuvant therapy, included pharmacological activity is stronger than the zizhi!

Folding editor this period of clinical application

Zizhi - fruiting body

Zizhi - fruiting body

The cold-induced febride zizhi as top grade, zizhi, \"Lord deaf, the arthrosis, protect god, strong physique, good color, long the intellectual man fit live forever.\" \"Included\" in primary breast knot, good mood, to fill the wisdom and never forget long feed intellectual man fit not old, live immortal.\" In recent years, the study of zizhi grass have mushroomed, clinical reports, induces has the following several aspects:

(1) to treat chronic bronchitis: taking zizhi, day three times, each time 1 piece (0.5 grams) content of crude drugs, or use the zizhi tincture (20% concentration), day 3 times, each time 10 ml (daily amount of crude drugs 6 grams), general 15 to 30 days working.

(2) bronchial asthma: pediatric patients daily intramuscular 1 ~ 2 ml per milliliter (including 0.5 ~ 1 g crude drugs), continuous injection of a month or so.

(3) white blood cells reduce disease. Had treatment for a variety of factors such as chemistry, physics, medicine and chronic diseases caused by white blood cells reduce disease 52 cases, recent effective rate was 84.6%, the total number of white blood cells to an average of 1028 per cubic millimeter. 10 ~ 20 days for a period of treatment.

(4) the treatment of coronary heart disease: the angina pectoris, area before the heart bilges frowsty, or tight pressure relief rate is about 72%, the recovery for the palpitations, shortness of breath and other symptoms of about 65%, more than half of patients medication during reflect: appetite, sleep, spirit is better, it has good curative effect to reduce blood triglycerides. Clinical trials show that zizhi can effectively dilate coronary artery, increase coronary blood flow, improve the myocardial microcirculation, increase myocardial oxygen and energy supply, therefore, possesses protective effects on myocardial ischemia, which can be widely used for the treatment and prevention of coronary heart disease, angina, etc. Of hyperlipidemia patients, zizhi, can obviously reduce blood cholesterol, lipoproteins, and triglycerides, and can prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaque. For the atherosclerotic plaque has been formed, has lower arterial wall cholesterol content, softening blood vessels, prevent further damage. And can improve local microcirculation, preventing platelet aggregation. These have good efficacy for a variety of types of stroke prevention role.

(5) the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias: in the process of treatment with zizhi, coronary heart disease (CHD), found in coronary heart disease to improve at the same time, the accompanying arrhythmia also with the improvement and disappear, so in all kinds of arrhythmia, zizhi injection treatment, achieved a certain effect.

(6) to treat acute viral hepatitis, better than the traditional \"protect liver medicine curative effect. In addition, also used in the treatment of atrophic gastritis, malignant tumor, etc.

(7) the neurasthenia. The motherland medicine zizhi contained can \"nerves\", \"wisdom\", \"don't forget\". According to the report, zizhi, preparation of neurasthenia insomnia has significant curative effect, total effective rate up to 87.14% ~ 87.14%. Drugs 10 ~ 15 days after the apparent curative effect, suggests to improve sleep, appetite, weight gain, palpitations, headache, dizziness ease or disappear, spirits, enhance memory. Belong to two qi curative effect is better. Zizhi, therefore, for the central nervous system has strong regulatory role, as a tranquilizer and sedative, is necessary for patients with neurasthenia and insomnia. State pharmacopoeia, zizhi, effective sleep ning god of medicine.

(8) the treatment of diabetes: the principle of zizhi, fall blood sugar is due to promote the organization of the use of sugar. After taking zizhi, can replace the insulin inhibition of fatty acid release, can improve blood sugar, urine sugar and other symptoms. Blood glucose decreased from 173 to 116, cholesterol from 233 to 179, beta protein decreased from 580 to 580. In zizhi, water-soluble polysaccharide, can reduce the incidence rate of the non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Japan NumataKenji zizhi, health food production, has been widely used to treat diabetes.

(9) allergy effect: when the body is some kind of antigen attacks cause immune function, produce all sorts of allergic or immune pathological damage, zizhi, inhibit the immune level of hyperthyroidism, maintain the stability of the body itself. Experimental results show: zizhi, can block the release of the allergic reaction medium, prevent allergic reaction, therefore, for the present treatment more difficult allergic or autoimmune diseases. Such as allergic asthma, hyperthyroidism, lupus erythematosus (sle), allergic rhinitis, a variety of intractable skin diseases and so on can have better effect, and can part against certain illness because of the side effects of long-term use of hormone and appear.

Folding editor this period of ancient book record

Fold the cold-induced febride records

\"Huang di\"

\"Huang di\"

According to our country the first drug monograph of cold-induced febride records: ganoderma lucidum have purple, red, blue, yellow, white and black, six specimens, but the modern literature and see how multiple fungus plants included zizhi, or whole plant. Sexual flavour GanPing. Zizhi, mainly including ergosterol, organic acids, amino polysaccharide, polysaccharide, resin, mannitol and glucose alcohol and ergosterol, resin, fatty acid, mannitol and polysaccharide, and containing alkaloids, lactone and coumarone, water-soluble protein and various cymes. Ganoderma lucidum since ancient times is considered a symbol of good fortune, wealth, beauty, longevity, is called \"immortality\", \"grass\", Chinese traditional medicine has long been seen as nourishing and strong, thrift righting the precious Chinese herbal medicine. The effect of ganoderma lucidum folklore are coming back to life, forever.

Ganoderma lucidum, is the treasure of the treasure house of the motherland of Chinese medicine, known as the \"immortality\" of reputation. Both ancient and modern pharmacological and clinical research proves that the ganoderma lucidum is preventing the effect of the treatment, prolong life. During the eastern han dynasty cold-induced febride, Ming dynasty famous medical experts li shizhen's \"compendium of materia medica\", to the effect of ganoderma lucidum have very positive record in detail. Modern pharmacology and clinical practice further confirmed that the pharmacological effects of ganoderma lucidum, and confirmed that the ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide is ganoderma lucidum righting the main components of the thrift, nourishing and strong, and prolong life. Now, ganoderma lucidum as a drug has officially by the national pharmacopoeia records, at the same time, it is the country approved the new resources of food, non-toxic side effects, drug and food.

Fold the compendium of materia medica recorded

Compendium of materia medica

Compendium of materia medica

Compendium of materia medica and Song Chaotang ShenWei wrote the rebuilt or politics and documentary evidence class spare material medica in six zizhi, the geographical environment there are detailed. Have included \"birth, huoshan, blue cheese, mount tai Huang Zhisheng songshan, Bai Zhisheng huashan, black Chicago born's zizhi raw Gao Shanxia valley\". To \"auto\" in ancient times is the dabie mountain area of hubei, henan, anhui provinces junction, so the home of dabie mountain is included. The middle of the dabie mountain is located in the east China and central China, upstream of the huaihe river, China's climate on the north-south border.

Folding edit this paragraph composition analysis

Scientific research shows that the ganoderma lucidum pharmacological composition are very abundant, including effective ingredients can be divided into 10 categories, including ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, ganoderma lucidum peptides, triterpene, 16 kinds of amino acids (which contains seven kinds of essential amino acid), proteins, steroid, mannitol, coumaric glycosides, alkaloids, organic acids (including fumaric acid), trace elements and Ge, P, Fe, Ca, Mn, zinc, etc. Ganoderma lucidum has two-way adjustment function to human body, the medicine, cardiovascular, digestive, nervous, endocrine, respiratory, movement, and other systems, especially for tumor, liver disease, insomnia and senescence prevention effect is significant.

Folding editor this period of efficacy

Ganoderma Sinensis

Zizhi, also known as \"China ganoderma lucidum,\" gan, ping. Mainly containing ergosterol, organic acid, glucosamine, polysaccharide, resin, mannitol, polysaccharides, alcohol, fatty acids, and containing alkaloids, lactone and coumarone, water-soluble protein and various cymes.

Zizhi, application range is very wide, regardless of the heart, lungs, liver, spleen and kidney weakness, all can take. Zizhi, the cure of involved in breathing, circulation, digestion, nerve, endocrine and immune system; Inside, outside, wife, son, facial features immunity-lower disease. Its basic reason, lies in zizhi, centralizer thrift, enhance immune function, improve the body's resistance to the enormous function. It is different from general drug to certain diseases and treatment role, is different from general nutrition health food supplement for only one on the one hand, the lack of nutrients and strengthening, but on the whole two-way regulating function of human body balance, to mobilize the body's internal vitality, function of regulating human metabolism, improve immune ability, to promote normalization of all organs or organ function.

Folding edit this paragraph pharmacological functions

Zizhi,

Zizhi,

At present, through the fairy sustained in building the modern study of zizhi, summed up the zizhi, has the following pharmacological function, improve and improve the quality of the human body:

1) enhance the body's immune: performance in can increase the thymus and spleen weight by taking zizhi, enhance the phagocytosis of white blood cell activity and, promoting the transformation of lymphocyte proliferation and, strengthen the division and regeneration of the cells. 2) to enhance the ability of learning and memory: clinical observation, taking zizhi, can improve human dopamine levels, thereby strengthening the brain monoamine class medium, to promote the human brain's attention and memory, reaction force.

3) promote the nucleic acid and protein synthesis: zizhi of polysaccharide compounds can promote human body protein synthesis, improve hemopoietic function, and is helpful to enhance the body's defense mechanisms.

4) protect liver, detoxifying: zizhi, alcohol and zizhi acid has a strong activity of protecting liver, reduce the accumulation of liver three acyl glycerin, improve the metabolism of liver cell repair and regeneration ability. The current clinical use zizhi, has a significant curative effect for the treatment of chronic hepatitis b.

5) cellular senescence: zizhi, it contains the polysaccharide peptide can effectively clear the body's ability to free radicals, also reduce the production of the heart, brain, fat brown quality, improve cell activity and metabolism ability, preventing alzheimer's disease, and make the skin cells to keep tight skin tight, shiny.

6) treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia: zizhi alcohols compound, polysaccharide can enhance myocardial contraction force, soften blood vessels, slow heart rate, reach the role of decompression; At the same time also can lower blood sugar, improve insulin, help diabetes patients to restore health.

Folding editing this section identification method

Zizhi,

Zizhi,

(1) light brown, brown to maroon zizhi powder. Hyphae scattered or bond formed, colorless or pale brown, slender, slightly curved, branch, 2.5 to 6.5 microns in diameter. Spore brown, ovoid, apex flat, outer wall wall with verrucous protrusions, colorless, 8 ~ 12 microns long, 5 ~ 8 microns wide. Cultivated zizhi, in color, shape, size is unified, there are rules, pileus kidney-shaped, semicircle or suborbicular; Cover surface brown to reddish brown, cover flange to yellowish brown, with concentric ring and ring groove, and a longitudinal wrinkles, surface luster. And wild zizhi, on colour and lustre is not unified, shape, size, no obvious surface luster.

(2) take 2 g zizhi, powder, adding ethanol 30 ml, heating reflux 30 minutes, filtration, the filtrate zhenggan residue with methanol 2 ml to dissolve, as the test solution. Another zizhi contrast medicinal materials of 2 g, with the legal system into a controlled medicine solution. According to thin layer chromatography (appendix Ⅵ B) test, each 4 mu l learned these two solution, each point in the same silica G thin layer plate, with petroleum ether (60 ~ 90 ℃) - ethyl formate - formic acid (15:5:1) upper solution for expansion agent, and taken out, dried, can be examined under a uv lamp (365 nm). In the chromatogram of the test, chromatographic corresponding to the position, show the same color of the fluorescent spots.

Folding edit this paragraph about poetry

Li shangyin returned to a saint temple 】 【

On the white marble rock leaf green moss zi, qing lun fallen too late.

A dream of spring rain often wave tile, JinRi spirit wind flag.

Calyx green China to wuding, Du Lanxiang to not move.

Jade lang will this fairy book, have ask yard zizhi.

New sand Liu Guimeng 】

Rise in the bohai Xie voice small embankment, butler know after the seagulls.

Penglai road teaches people to, should also tax zizhi, year after year.