Traditional Chinese medicine (40) temperature around releasing cold dill

1 pinyin

Xi hui xi ā ng m: o

2 English reference

Cumin, fennel seed [landau chinese-english dictionary]

Common fennel [xiangya medical professional dictionary]

3 overview

Cumin for traditional Chinese medicine, from the "compendium of materia medica" [1]. The law of the People's Republic of China pharmacopoeia (2010 edition) records with the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacopoeia standards.

4 the alias

蘹 incense, food, [1]

Source and origin of 5

Umbrelliferae plant fennel Foeniculum vulgareMill. Ripe fruit, agriculture in shanxi, Inner Mongolia and other places [1].

6 sexual flavour to the

Simba, temperature, into the liver, kidney, spleen, stomach by [1].

7 function attending

Releasing cold warm, facilitating the pain, and stomach. Cold hernia, testes, stomach, abdominal pain, vomiting, kidney lower back pain, urinary frequency, dysmenorrhea. [1]

8 usage.

Decoction: 3 ~ 9 g [1].

9 chemical composition

Containing volatile oil anise oil, this product contains Anethole (Anethole), limonene, dextral dill ketone (Fenchone), methyl chavicol and anisaldehyde, pinene etc., and fatty oil, stigmasterol and so on. [1]

Ten pharmacological effects

Fennel oil can promote gastrointestinal motility and secretion, flooding wind, spasmolysis, expectoranting action. Fennel can fight ulcer, cholagogue, analgesia, and have sex hormone-like effect. [1]

11 dill pharmacopoeia standards

11.1 the goods

dill

Xiaohuixiang

FOENICULI FRUCTUS

11.2 source

This product is a umbrelliferae plant fennel Foeniculum vuLgare Mill. The dried ripe fruit. At the beginning of autumn fruits when cutting in plants, dried, lay the fruit, to remove impurities.

11.3 traits

This product is a mericarp, and cylindrical, slightly curved, 4 ~ 8 mm long, diameter 1.5 ~ 2. 5 mm. Surface yellow-green or pale yellow, slightly pointed at both ends, play with yellow brown ridges at the top of the column base, base sometimes with small stem. Schizocarp, oval in the back of a longitudinal edge 5, joint surface is flat and wide. The edges on the reverse of the transverse section slightly assumes the pentagon, about the length. Have special aroma, taste sweet, bitter.

11.4 identify

(1) of this product in fruit transverse section: epicarp 1 squamous cells, outer cuticle. A vascular bundle, the longitudinal edge in mesocarp around with most wood checkered cells; Between the longitudinal edges have large oval brown on the back of the tubing, joint surface has tubing 2, a total of six. Endocarp to 1 column flat parenchyma cells, cells have different length. Kind of skin cells oblong, with brown. Polygon, the endosperm cells contain most of the aleurone grains, each aleurone grain contains small calcium oxalate crystal clusters.

(2) the powder amount of this product 2 g, ether 20 ml, ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes, filtration, the filtrate wave in the residue and chloroform on Iml to dissolve, as the test solution. Another anisaldehyde reference substance, add ethanol made from each 1 ml contains l mu l solution, as a reference substance solution. According to thin layer chromatography (appendix Ⅵ B) test, absorbs the 51 ul of test sample solution and reference substance solution l mu l, each point in the same silica G thin layer plate, with petroleum ether (60 ~ 90 ℃) ethyl acetate (whilst. 5) as developing agent, to 8 cm, taken out, hanging on, try to dinitrobenzene hydrazine liquid. In the chromatogram of the test, in the position of accordingly with reference substance chromatography, show the same orange red spots.

11.5 check

11.5.1 impurities

Shall not be over 4% (appendix Ⅸ A).

11.5.2 total ash

Shall not be over 10.0% (appendix Ⅸ K).

11.6 content determination

11.6.1 naphtha

City naphtha assay (appendix D X).

This product contains volatile oil shall not be less than 1.5% (ml/g).

11.6.2 trans anethole

According to gas chromatography (Ⅵ the appendix E).

The chromatographic conditions and system suitability test Polyethylene glycol (peg) capillary column (column is 30 m long, inner diameter is 0.32 mm, film thickness of 0.25 microns). Column temperature is 145 ℃. Theoretical plate number calculated on trans anethole peak should be not less than 5000.

The preparation of the reference substance solution the right amount of trans anethole reference substance, precision said, adding ethyl acetate per 1 ml solution containing 0.4 mg, quick.

The preparation of test sample solution powder (sieve no. 3) it is about 0.5 g, precision said, precision in ethyl acetate 25 ml, said weight, ultrasonic processing (power 300 w, frequency 40 KHZ) 30 minutes, put the cold, again according to weight, using ethyl acetate make up the weight loss reduction, shake well, filtration, take the filtrate, quick.

Measurement precision respectively from the reference substance solution with each 2 mu l solution, injection of gas chromatograph, determination, quick.

This product contains trans anethole (C10H120) shall not be less than 1.4%.

11.7 dill slices

11.7.1 processing

11.7.1.1 dill

To remove impurities.

Content determination

With the medicine.

Dill 11.7.1.2 salt

Net fennel, according to salt water main method (appendix Ⅱ D) to yellowish.

This product such as cumin, micro, color and luster deepened, with occasional focal spot. Tiny into taste.

check

Total ash with herbs, and may not be over 12.0%.

11.7.2 content determination

With herbs, trans anethole (C10H120) shall not be less than 1.3%.

To identify

With the medicine.

11.7.3 sexual flavour and return

Xin wen. Liver, kidney, spleen, stomach.

11.7.4 function and attending

Cold pain, spleen and stomach. Used for abdominal pain, cold hernia testes, menstrual cramps, abdominal pain, less often abdominal distension painful, eat less in children. Salt, cumin warming kidney cold pain. Used for abdominal pain, cold hernia testes, the cold abdominal pain.

11.7.5 usage and dosage

3 ~ 6 g.

11.7.6 storage

A cool and dry place.

11.8 the source

The law of the People's Republic of China pharmacopoeia 2010 edition

origin

All parts of Europe, the Mediterranean, our country is produced. Native to the Mediterranean region. The provinces are cultivated in China.

Morphological characteristics

Perennial herbs, for one, the biennial cultivation. All plants with special spicy flavor, the surface has a white powder. Ye Yu divided, lobes linear. Summer yellow flower, compound umbel. Fruit elliptic, yellow-green. Sexual xi warm, suitable for growth of sandy loam; Avoid is planted in the land of the clay and too wet. In the spring and autumn or spring sowing points strains breeding. Native to the Mediterranean region, widely cultivated in China, with a strong adaptability.

During the spring and autumn mainly cultivation in north China. (open) spring: march to early April, 5 months, in late harvest. Harvest autumn sowing: 7 ~ August, September. Fruit of mericarp, and cylindrical, some slightly curved, slightly pointed at both ends, 4 ~ 8 mm long, 1.5 2.5 mm in diameter. The top surface of yellow, green or pale yellow, with yellow brown ridges residual plinth, base sometimes with small stem. Stem, oval in surface longitudinal edge 5, fennel plant figure

Fennel plant figure

The joint surface is flat and wide. Cross-sections are slightly 5 side, on the back of the 4 side about the length. Have specific fennel, taste sweet, bitter.

Herbs, 0.4 2 m tall. Stem erect, smooth, sage green or pale, many-branched. Relatively lower cauline petiole 5-15 cm, middle or upper petioles part or all of the sheath, leaf sheath margin membranous; Blade profile is broadly triangular, 4-30 cm long, 5 to 40 cm wide, 4 to 5 back to pinnate crack, ultimate lobes linear, 1-6 cm long, ca. 1 mm wide.

Compound umbels with lateral, peduncle 2-25 cm long; Umbrella radial 6-29, before long, 1.5-10 cm long; There are flowers small umbels 14-39; Flower stalk slender, long range; Calyx teeth; Petals yellow, obovate, or nearly ovoid, ca. 1 mm long, apex with folds of the uvula, midrib article 1; Filaments slightly longer than petals, anthers ovoid, pale yellow; Flowers plinth cone, style very short, bent outward or worn on the flower plinth.

Fruit oblong, 4-6 mm long, 1.5 2.2 mm wide, main ridge article 5, acute; Each cording groove inside the tubing 1, hopson surface tubing 2; Endosperm front nearly straight or slightly concave. Flowering may and June, fruiting 7-9 months.

The relevant characteristics

Fennel is the same kind of plants from the leaf color, leaf shape, botany properties such as flowers, fruit, seeds, and other characteristics, such as quality, flavor, are very similar, only leaf sheath of fennel, embrace each other to form a flat spherical or round spherical bulb. Mature, become the main edible part, and fine leaves and petioles are often in a tender plant fennel hypertrophy of leaf sheath tender crisp, generally cut into filaments in the condiment cold raw food, also can match with all kinds of meat, Fried food.

Fennel is a popular vegetable. Some ball weight reached engraftment after 90 days. Sprouted from the seed suction, stirring to germination to seedling stage to the first true leaf unfolding five or six true leaf. Cluster period Fat from the fifth true leaf to leaf sheath, whole about reproductive stage. Stem fennel xi cold cold climate conditions, but the broad adaptability, strong cold resistant, heat resistant, suitable temperature for seed germination, grow warm, over. Fennel like a cold climate, too high or too low will affect the growth and quality. Seedling stage. The whole process especially in seedling stage and leaf sheath, air relative humidity and wet soil, unfavorable and drought. Plants of the genus fennel, whole process needs to be enough light, long sunshine can promote flower bud formation, fennel plants in spring

Fennel shoots

Phase in long day after flowering and high temperature conditions. Assumes the circular, apex residues have bumps, sometimes there are small stem. Schizocarp circle, on the back of the longitudinal edge, joint surface is relatively wide. On the back of fennel, taste sweet, bitter. Round fruit. Warm climate conditions or fennel, hardy thermal resistance are strong seedling of requirements, is conducive to the formation of the seedling. Bulb fennel is not strict with soil, within the scope of all can normal growth. Cultivation in order to ensure product quality and yield, appropriate choice fertilizer, hydraulic grow strong rich loam. Round ball type plant height, leaf shape, leaf color and flat spherical no big difference, but the bulb more tight than flat globose, slightly pale color. Looks like the fist, the shortening of the leaf sheath, hold together tightly, not only left and right sides of the enlargement, has obvious enlargement, before and after the outer sheath is often close to the ground. In case of low temperature and humidity weather easily happened sclerotium disease. Seedling stage is in the hot season, should choose all ventilation, drainage condition, irrigation convenient venue, ready to rain to cool down. Under the neutral soil, dig up the soil to fit; Then furrowing seed evenly into the ditch, and then turns the soil water. Thinning after emergence, the interval of 2 ~ 3 cm to keep 1 strain disease-free strong seedlings, seedling should water the num frequently, to keep moisture in the soil, the appropriate engraftment before pouring one permeable, cut the party the next day, according to the planting seedlings.

Fold the packaging

Fennel shoots are edible, and use it to package big steamed buns to pork, make dumplings, can satisfy the kinds of steamed stuffed bun, and taste and flavor.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) properties

Introduction of medicinal materials

For umbrelliferae plant fennel fruit.

【 synonym 】 : aniseed, small Hui, fennel, anise valley, fragrance. Widely cultivated in China. Late summer and early fall when ripe fruit harvest, with the exception of impurity, drying.

[properties] : taste, temperature.

【 function 】 : whets the appetite to eat, and qi, cold help Yang tao. The Lord cure: the medium has a cold, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain; Colic pain, testicular swelling; Spleen and stomach and qi stagnation, often abdominal distension full of pain.

【 ingredients 】 : contain volatile oil, mainly for anisole, fennel, methyl chavicol and anisaldehyde composition.

[sexual flavour to the 】 : taste, temperature. The kidney, bladder, stomach.

[usage] : as a condiment, but also can do salad, Fried soup, or the pill, powder.

【 note 】 : real hot, the production of body fluid is unfavorable.

Avoid eating appropriate

Because eating fennel can damage eyesight, the side effects of unfavorable short-term use, should be in 10 grams per day for the ceiling. The hot and dry, suitable for cold food constitution, every time consumption quantity is unfavorable and overmuch.

Fold the practical side

1. Dill pill: dill 16 grams, pepper 10 grams. Research at the end of the bar paste for pills, take 3 ~ 6 g, he drank down the. From the "three for". The analgesic effect and qi, the strong cold. For hernia, the lower abdomen pain, swelling in the cold.

2. Small Hui hovenia dulcis: dill 30 grams, 15 grams of orange. Small fry at the end of the study, take 6 grams, send warm boiled water. Due to the pocket square. Dill compatibility and qi line hovenia dulcis, altogether plays and qi analgesic effect. The pain for liver stomach and qi stagnation, rou GUI REINS.

3. The fennel powder:

Raw material: dill 10 ~ 15 g.

Method and usage: use less dill coke, grind powder, with a blunt water 3 times; Or equal amounts fennel, orange powder, hawthorn, fry after inquiry, and then blending, daily morning and evening with rice wine take 6 grams.

Efficacy: women's menstrual pain, 3 days before menstruation decoction is dill 15 grams, take 3. Can also be colic pain.

Fold to match

Roses, cornflower, blue mallow, rose hips, hibiscus flowers, lemon grass, verbena, raspberry leaf, mint, yerba mate, licorice. Collocation is mint can expel excess moisture.

Folding way of brewing

(1) leaf: with boiling water.

Seeds: (2) the seeds will be crushed, with boiling water, stewing about ten minutes, add honey to drink. Take half spoon fennel to spoon back pressure breaking, soak in hot water for ten minutes. Three cups a day, it is suggested that in the second drink between meals.

Chemical composition

Dill chemical composition:

Fruit contains volatile oil composition is complex, the main ingredient of trans - anethole (trans - anethole 63.4%), followed by limonene (limonene13.1 %), cumin ketone (fenchone l2.1 %), other have love grass (estragole4.7 %), gamma - pine oil (gamma - terpinene 2.7%), alpha pinene (1.9%) of alpha pinene, myrcene myrcene (0.7%), the beta pinene (beta pinene is 0.4%), camphor (camphor0.2 %), camphene camphene (0.1%), oxygen methyl phenyl acetone (methoxyphenyl 0.1% acetone) and trace amounts of fragrant juniper (sabinene), alpha water dropwort (alpha phellandrene), spend on - a cyme (p cymene), 1, 8 - eucalyptus oil (1, 8 - cineole), 4 terpineol (4 - terpineol), trans - dill alcohol acetate (trans - fencho - lacetate), fennel aldehyde (anisaldehyde), etc. Fruit in fatty oil, identification of 16 kinds of fatty acid composition are: 10 to 18 carbon olefine acid 10 _octadecenoic acid (38.0%), arachidic acid (arachic acid 31.4%), palmitic acid (plmitic acid 21.2%), mountain do acid (2.8%), behenic acid, myristic acid, myristic acid 2.2%), stearic acid (stearic acid (2, 2) %, lauric acid, lauric acid (0.2%), 15 carbonate pentadecanofc acid (0.2%), 21 carbonate henicosanoic acid (0.2%), etc. Fruit also contains stigmasterol (stigmasterol), umbellate flowers lactone (umbelliferone), palmitic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid and more than 18 carbon fatty alcohol into a mixture of wax, beta sitosterol (beta sitosierol), Chinese prickly ash toxins (xanthotoxin), alpha incense resin alcohol (alpha amyrin) before the hu lactone (imperatorin), sweet orange coing lactone (bergapten) and India (marmesin).

nutrients

Every 100 grams contains quantity of heat 1.0492 million kilojoules fennel, protein 14.5 grams, 11.8 grams fat, food fiber 33.9 grams, 21.6 grams of sugar, vitamin A53 micrograms, 0.04 mg vitamin B1, vitamin B2 0. 16 mg, nicotinic acid 7.1 mg, 0.7 mg of vitamin E, potassium 1104 mg, 79.6 mg of sodium, calcium 751 mg, 0.9 mg, 3.46 mg, zinc, phosphorus 336 mg, 1.98 micrograms of selenium.

Artificial cultivation

Choose to soil preparation

Fennel root, strong drought resistance waterlogging, should choose soil deep, salt well off. Permeability is strong, good drainage sand or light silty loam soil cultivation. Small fennel seeds, germinating seedlings after the top soil strength is weak, should be fine soil preparation, soil general spring march ploughing up in time flat after thawing, shovel high low, achieve finely, soft, smooth as a mirror, in order to have to.

Sufficient basal folds

Fennel growth period is long, the fertilizer requirement is big, like under, should be given priority to with basal fertilizer, combined with the site preparation before planting high quality organic fertilizer rates, rare earth phosphate, urea, potassium sulfate, evenly mixed in deep soil fertilizers, applied and combined with enhanced spraying high lipid membrane.

(a) choose to soil preparation: choose appropriate land, to give high quality manure 45000 kg per hectare, deep tillage above 30 centimeters, rake flat thin, do 80 cm wide flat beds, and when should be the first to QiNa water, stay under water permeability overburden slightly loose when seeding.

(2) breeding methods: "vernal equinox" to "clear" sow, persons to be full before planting new seeds, with 40 ℃ warm water soak 1 to 2 hours, remove the package gauze bag, in a warm place, rinse with warm water twice a day, such as can sow seeds to be slightly. In the QiNa 40 centimeters apart 3-5 cm deep ditch, seed evenly into, tulou flat a little pressure. Generally 10 to 15 days after emergence, YongZhongLiang 22.5 -- 30 kg per hectare, seedling transplanting, high output.

(3) the field management: after emergence, depending on the drought water appropriately, maintain the seedling stage of strip surface wet. Combined with the hoe weeding, miao 6-8 cm tall, thinning by planting distance 9 centimeters, seedling height more than 15 cm, according to the planting distance 20 cm singling. Miao for fertilizer when 30 cm tall, give priority to with quick-acting organic fertilizer, increasing calcium superphosphate. Drought in water, the rainy season to drainage in time, in case the roots rotted. In be in those days after harvest, the root cap and a layer of horses and cattle dung soil mixed dung can safe wintering, the second year of sprout early, growth, high yield.

Fold in suitable sowing early

Choice grain full, bright color, no seeds, disease and insect pest of artificial selection, remove impurities, and with phoxim and prior to planting the seed for sowing, high lipid membrane ward off diseases and pests, quarantine the virus infection, strengthen the respiratory intensity, improve seed germination rate, after the broadcast over the surface.

Scientific management

Fennel weak seedling top soil, seedling growth is slow, timely break before and after emergence harden and help miao unearthed, after being unearthed seedlings show line in time weeding seedlings, seedling to hoe weeding timely, loose clean, keep the field for growth and development. Early thinning out and singling to malicious, forbidden for double blade, forming strong seedling. In fennel spraying on the growing season to promote kao 3 main tip can effectively restrain various crops, fat buds, next to the heart, promote flower bud differentiation, flowering, more fruit, fruit, and promote development. Combined with the use of food enhanced fennel fruit zhuang's spirit quality of fertilization, pollen cycle fruit rate, promote the fruit development, deformity, immature grain, good uniformity, quality improving, make the fennel fertility.

In season

Spring cultivation of greenhouse planting fennel, choose fennel, more choose anise autumn/winter cultivation. The growth period of grain of the fitches is hammered out with different growing period, fennel 45 to 60 days, and star anise grow some. Fennel begins to harvest as much as 20 to 30 cm. If a harvest can be uprooted, if harvest many times in the earth's surface cut take 2-3 cm.

Fold the warm prompt

Dill with uniform grain and texture, color yellow, green, fragrant, sessile terrier for market. Should be kept sealed, a cool, dark.

Fold growth characteristics

Fennel is perennial herb, and biennial cultivation. All plants with special spicy flavor, the surface has a white powder. Ye Yu divided, lobes linear. Summer yellow flower, compound umbel. Fruit oblong or warm, suitable for growth of sandy loam; Avoid is planted in the land of the clay and too wet. During the spring and autumn are spring sowing or points widely cultivated strains reproduction, strong adaptability. During the spring and autumn mainly cultivation. (open) spring: march to early April, 5 months, in late harvest. Harvest autumn sowing: 7 ~ August, September. Fruit of mericarp, and cylindrical, some slightly curved, residues have bump at the top of the column base, base sometimes with small stem. Schizocarp, oval in the back of a longitudinal edge 5, joint surface is flat and wide. The edges on the reverse of the transverse section slightly assumes the pentagon, about the length. Have specific fennel, taste sweet, bitter. Mericarp, round, each edge groove with a tubing, hopson has 2 tubing. Flowering 6 ~ 9 months. Fruiting in October. Fennel grows well in moderate climates, but hardy thermal resistance are stronger. Not too cold in winter in the region as a perennial cultivation, the main planting season for the spring and autumn season two. Not strict with soil conditions, in order to guarantee high yield, high quality, appropriate chooses the fertile land cultivation. Where shi fa organic fertilizers fennel emergence after the commune is difficult, so the soil preparation to do strip to meticulous, strip surface must level off, so that water and preservation. Fennel can live outdoor or seedling transplanting. Give priority to with ridge. Fennel seeds in early April, spring autumn fennel seeds in 7 ~ 8 month. Seedling transplanting, mainly in the spring of fennel, usually in late march or by small tunnel in seedling, best in accelerating seed germination, seed treatment in the spring of fennel seed after 24 h, with about 40 ℃ warm water in 15 ~ 20 ℃ temperature sprouting, after being seed show body-to keep, choose warm weather seeding method is used to planting, every 667 m2 rate is 2.5 ~ 3.0 kg. Seedling transplanting the treated seeds evenly on the seedling plate or strip in the greenhouse, covering 0.5 ~ 1.0 cm. Autumn because the temperature is higher, when the fennel seed emergence is slow and uneven, and should be done before sowing seed sprouting, at low temperature method with spring fennel, or 5 x 10-6 gibberellin soaked with about 12 h, but instead of accelerating seed germination in low temperature. To 80% when they reveal body-to keep it sowing seeds. To strengthen the information management after seeding, avoid dry, keep the soil moist, can cover the cost formation such as straw on the surface of the strip Yin to moisture, heat preservation, rain dozen. Using wet seeding method when YaZi top soil water light sprinkle 1 time, seedling out 1 ~ 2 days back to cover. Seedling transplanting in May, the age of seedling 35 ~ 45 days after engraftment in outdoor seedling out for thinning, combining with the row 1 ~ 2 times thinning out. Flat beds planted every point commonly 2 ~ 3 strains, or individual plant, seedling slow attention should be paid to control weeds, seedling shoulds not be too much water, appropriately restrain the growth of seedlings, when the seedlings after 10 ~ 12 cm high water should be frequently, water in combination with a small amount of available n fertilizer, plant height of 30 cm can be harvested.

Folding pharmacological effects editing this section

Fold the pharmacological effects

Contains minerals, carrot, fennel, naphtha (mainly anisole, anise aldehyde, anisic acid), can the kidney and stomach qi, cold, it most commonly capture leaves and seeds of herbal tea, spicy taste, there may be some people don't like, you can add some honey and taste. Stop vomiting, eliminate flatulence, appetizing, treatment for cystitis. Seed water brew, increases the mother's milk. A nursing mother, it is fit to drink fennel tea; Can help digestion and metabolism. Spicy aroma and unique taste, add some honey or maple syrup drink taste better, also can add a small amount of cinnamon flavor. Due to the unique smell strong, if made into compound herbal tea, fennel dosage should be small, so we can make the finishing point of the effect. Use too much will covers the other flowers and plants of fragrance. Flavors of chewing after every meal aniseed can eliminate breath. The most suitable for cooking fish, in addition to bake bread making refreshments, also very suitable for, the pungent scent of appetite.

Standard of the People's Republic of China with fennel is a common good, cold, qi, painkillers. Fennel ene can promote bone marrow cells mature and release into the peripheral blood and significantly increase the role of white blood cells, mainly increased neutrophils, can be used in the white blood cells reduce disease.

Folding composition effect

Dill is mainly of protein, fat, dietary fiber, anethole, ketone of fennel, anise aldehyde, etc. Its aroma comes mainly from anethole, fennel aldehyde flavor substances, etc. Is the collection medicine, flavor, edible, make-up in one multi-purpose plant. fennel

fennel

Tender stem and leaf vegetables, stuffing, fennel fruit contains 2.8% anise oil, anethole 50 ~ 60%, a - 18 ~ 20% ketone of fennel, methyl pepper and a - 10% pinene double polyethylene pentene, anise aldehyde, camphene, etc. Endosperm contains about 15% fat oil, protein, starch sugar and slime by about 85%.

For spices, commonly used in meat, seafood and pasta cooking such as baked wheat cake. Medicine in TCM, temperature, taste, liver, kidney, spleen, stomach. Function of liver and kidney warm, warm stomach gas, loose knot, cold pain, spleen and stomach. Used for cold hernia of abdominal pain, testes, women's menstrual cramps, abdominal pain, less often abdominal distension painful, eat less in children, etc.

Fold the pharmacological research

Dill attributes: can resist gastric ulcer and analgesic, sex hormone-like effect, etc., fennel oil have different degrees of antibacterial effect. Can stimulate the gastrointestinal nerve blood vessels, promote saliva and gastric juice secretion, increase appetite, help digestion. Suitable for taste xu han. Colic, dysmenorrhea patients to diet, edible method is: take a few of fennel, Fried Fried soup to slag, and then increase the meters, boil rice porridge to eat. Stomach heat fever with caution.

Guangdong shaoguan college YingDong biological engineering college; Part of 7 varieties of fennel plant morphological and nutrient content are compared. The results showed that hebei qingxian county stubble fennel and shanxi taiyuan dill precocious varieties (74 d (seeding to harvest tender stem leaf), jilin siping anise and fennel species of yumen, Inner Mongolia county, gansu province cooked (86 d), xinjiang ili and liaoning fuxin variety of fennel varieties (97 d); Jilin siping fennel breed true leaf, the maximum number of fresh and underground part aboveground fresh weight, the largest in taiyuan in Shanxi Province of fennel varieties of aboveground dry matter rate is highest, seven varieties of fennel edible plant rate is above 90%; Gansu yumen dill varieties, organic acids, protein nitrogen and total nitrogen content of VC are relatively high, soluble sugar and total carbon content in ili, xinjiang cumin varieties are relatively high. Comprehensive assessment, gansu yumen dill varieties of relatively high nutritional value.

Dill - contraindication

1, adverse reactions: allergies.

2, Yin deficiency, the fire is forbidden.

3, "Ben hui said:" if a fire more stomach and kidney, heat gain is ou, heat or pain, heat gain namely bilges all CARDS, and Yang tao, fine smooth wet dream, should consider to use also."

4, "Ben said:" if the small intestine, bladder and stomach inner parts of the developing in fever, to the increasing of the disease are."

5, compendium of material medica: have to match "lung, stomach and hot poison sheng is disabled."

Fold the drug use

The pharmacopoeia.

Dai medicine 】 【 a few scene: the fruit is used in the treatment of epilepsy, dizziness, abdominal distension of the dai medicine journal. He (dai) : seed cure fever is not retreated the yunnan medicine record. Scene a few: treat epilepsy disease, dizziness, abdominal distension, dai medicine.

Bad hair hard drug 】 【 storehouse palace (huanjiang), Ye Zhi entitled; Seeds to treat lumbago guangxi medicine made up.

"Strong medicine" cumin (new) : seed colic pain; All grass put swelling pain "guangxi medicine made up".

"Baiyao 】 【 weinxionlmirx, hello brother mi" : cold cure hernia, cough and gasp the, edema, abdominal pain, breast bilges stagnant, rheumatoid arthritis "Dali".

Naxi medicine 】 【 root with cooked rice gruel to eat, put to a toothache, and abdominal pain "Dali".

Fennel root: yi medicine 】 【 effect a radical cure the stomach cold hiccups, abdominal distension abdominal pain, eat less o, to win the weak "by" form.

【 Su Su medicine] hu and unintelligent: seed cure fever is not retreated, the yunnan medicine record. Homogeneous han Russia: the whole grass roots and seeds, and for the cold stomach pain, less abdominal pain, menstrual cramps, hernia, pain hydrocele testis, schistosomiasis "the nu river medicine".

】 【 medicine silk LaGa staff: fruit to cure pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, Tibetan medicine guide. Lala: fruit cold remedy for stomach disease, insect disease "Chinese medicine".

Looking for Mongolian 】 【 day Sue: higher fruit "Hector in accordance with the" hot, giddiness, drug or food poisoning, hernia, no food, stomach pain, abdominal distension of the plant medicine journal. Based on the ancient plain. High, yao: fruit used in cold and stomach pain, flatulence, really not comfortable, the lower abdomen pain, menstrual cramps, colic, Mongolian.

Fennel, huai miao medicine 】 【 side: the grass to cure the stomach cold abdominal pain, the abdominal pain, infantile emphysema, cholera, ou inverse, abdominal not bottom, hernia is painful; Effect a radical cure rheumatism bone pain; All grass to treat infantile fever, measles, rash out by food and hiccups, chronic adnexitis, and abdominal distention, waist pain "hunan blue test". Fux lox bub ghunb carrot sticks, Xongx hxongb male fierce: fruit to treat pediatric hernia, cure skin wind "miao medicine". Dill xiongx hxongb male pine: ripe fruit attending pediatric hernia miao medicine set.

Fruits of Arab d drug 】 【 white Ann: attending cough asthma, stomach cold abdominal pain, vomiting, eat less, woman menstruation to be not moved, milk, and bugloss scrambled to take to heart palpitations insomnia, forgetfulness; Leaves wring juice to wash eye to treat eye diseases; Root grind powder mixed with honey rabies, fruit Fried hot ironing cloth hong han zheng abdominal pain abdominal "d medicine journal. Radical women leucorrhea [22].

Folding effect to identify

And evodia rutaecarpa phase identification: evodia rutaecarpa and dill both taste xin warm, can warm, cold, pain, and can be used to treat stomach cold pain, rou GUI cold hysteresis abdominal pain, hepatic vein, cold hernia, and the cold dysmenorrhea, etc. The difference is:

Cummin: longer than the spleen and stomach, coke cold lag, often abdominal distension dill multi-purpose food less pain and vomiting.

Evodia rutaecarpa: essien scattered bitter, hot and fierce, have small toxicity, good at liver qi, good governance liver stomach cold, turbid Yin on the reverse of the saliva foam vertex headache, vomiting, stomach cold vomiting, something make stomach, side pain acid, etc. At the same time, evodia rutaecarpa can dry wet again, Yang antidiarrheal, swelling, and can be used for cold dampness beriberi or into the abdomen; Even diarrhea spleen kidney Yang deficiency, etc.

Folding editor this period of Chinese traditional medicine identification

Fold the identification

Dry fruit, a small cylindrical, slightly pointed at both ends, 5 ~ 8 mm long, 2 mm wide. Base sometimes with small fruit stalk, apex residual tan style base. Yellow-green appearance. Schizocarp, oval in shape has five uplift of the edges on the reverse of the ridge, transverse section assumes the pentagon, about isometric, combined with the surface smooth. Fruit with seed in 1 grain, a transverse micro in kidney. Fragrant, taste GanWei sheen. In order to uniform particles. Full. Yellowish green, fragrant sweet taste is beautiful. Dill seed with this product shape very similar to that of parts of gansu, guangxi, etc have fennel users with dill seed.

"Of materia medica" which is also called dill seed alias fennel, visible with dill seed fennel, has long history, actuality, but both should not be confused, its medicinal materials of the main difference is: dill seed is small, round, schizocarp a wide oval, flat, 3 ~ 4 mm long, 2 ~ 3 mm in diameter. A transverse edges on the back long, extending into wing shape on both sides. The smell is weak.

Folding microscopic identification

Schizocarp cross-sections: epicarp cut to 1 column to extend flat small epidermal cells; Outside the cuticle. Mesocarp for sequence of parenchyma cells; Joint of the pipe 6 2, on the back every 2 fruit between one leng, tubing slightly oval or round form, cut to about 250 microns, surrounded by many small red brown flat secretory cells; Vascular bundle column a Yu Guo edge part, with two toughening vascular bundles and links of the bundle, xylem, a few tiny ducts phloem in beam column on both sides, there are most of the large vascular bundle column inner side and outside wood checkered cells. Endocarp to 1 squamous cells, different length. Seed 1 column oblong cells, including brown, the joint surface central for sequence cell, there are small ridge bundles. Polygon, the endosperm cells contain most of the small aleurone grains, which contains tiny crystal clusters; With a small amount of fat oil.

Powder: yellow brown.

(1) concept of pericarp epidermis cell surface polygonal or class square, slightly thick wall. Stomatal infinitive, four subsidiary cells.

(2) the checkered cell class rectangle or oblong, slightly thick wall; Micro lignification, ovoid, or oblong mesh pit.

(3) pieces of tubing wall yellow brown or dark brown, a complete person to 250 microns wide, visible polygon secretory cells.

(4) endocarp Mosaic layer view on the cell surface is long and narrow, wall thinning, constant for a group of cells, with its long axis direction of each other as irregular embedded columns. In addition, the endosperm cells, calcium oxalate crystal clusters, wood parenchyma cells, etc. This product with grain full, fragrance thick, yellow and green color is preferred.

Fold the physical and chemical identification

1, take this product powder 0.5 g, plus have ether right amount, cold soak 1 h, filtration. Filtrate concentrated to about 1 ml, and 7% methanol liquid 2-3 drops of hydroxylamine hydrochloride, 20% potassium hydroxide has alcohol liquid three drops, slight fever in the bath, after cooling, with dilute hydrochloric acid to adjust Ph3-4, add 2 drops 1% ferric trichloride has alcohol solution, purple. (check the coumarin)

2, take this product powder 0.5 G, plus have ether right amount, cold soak 1 h, filtration. Filtrate concentrated to about 1 ml, and 0.4% to 2, 4 - dinitrobenzene hydrazine 2 mol/L HCL solution 2-3 drops, orange. (check anethole)

3, thin layer chromatography: apply wood powder (60 eyes) 2 g, plus have ether 6 ml, quenching and 4 h, filtration, the filtrate concentrated to dry, residual liquid pool were dissolved in chloroform to 1 ml for; Take another anethole chloroform solution for reference substance. Respectively on the point of sample in the same silica gel G - 1% CMC on the thin layer plate, with petroleum ether - have acetate (8.5:8.5), with 2, 4 - dinitrobenzene hydrazine reagent chromogenic, selected liquid chromatography with reference substance in liquid chromatography the corresponding position of the same color spot.

Edit this Duan Wenxian paper folding

Figure by 1, "compendium" : "" this sutra is not carried out, and today, The Times and is nearly county. Medicine use were deducted, or cloud as near strong. Leaf in March, as khufu with weeds, extremely thin thin, as a bundle, to may three four feet; born in July, such as wheel, yellow, hard as it is small, cyan, fennel. Northerners shout for soil Hui, 蘹 sound close, so the cloud ear. September mining firm, air-dried, formed a family garden kind of a lot today."

2, "Ben yan yi", "蘹 incense, present check for the fennel." tang book "note as khufu with weeds, the mistake. Coriander leaves, like a serpent bed 蘹 ACTS in the name of a leaf, but silky hair, specific the grass."

3, "JiuHuang medica" : "this is everywhere, the somebody else a variety of garden, miao three four feet, stem diameter, such as barrel, there were yellow leaves, carrying Pu stems. Hakama lobe on the green leaves, like a fine loose leaves and long, superhydrophobic fine silky hair. Hakama meristematic fork branches between leaf, flower clumps, details such as wheel, the knot as dill seed, big and long, also cable disc. Seedling leaf Fried hot, change water net, tao, cooking food."

4 of materia medica ", "fennel SuGenShen, follow your heart, as a bundle, fat stem silk leaves, may and June flowers blooming like a serpent bed and yellow color, the knot as big as a grain, light and thin edge, common for the star anise, but as ningxia out first today. Some other place, of dill. Since the foreign person, as big as a BaiShi, split into eight disc, disc nucleus, as big as a bean, yellow-brown, benevolence, taste sweet, the more common persons fennel, star anise and yue (also have in guangxi ZuoYouJiang cave), color was separate from his Chinese fennel, but the smell with ears. Determinations of the northerners, commend chewing wine."

5, the plant name there are800,000 monographs ChangBian test ":" with the coriander seed, fennel similar, "the gift of righteousness" is not fine to take an examination of khufu shape with weeds, to denounce the tang this note, by mistake. But force is a bit slow." (" cure a wood code to medicinal ")

6, "compendium of justice", "fennel beginning in compendium of material medica, tang according to sung" hard as it is small, cyan, did not see this today. Sue again call medicine multi-purpose possess.you person, is the so-called star anise also of this shop. But the octagon big xin wen, the sex, strongest, faces the lake "of materia medica" said its smell XinPing, shall not import star anise. Lee also say the knot as big as a grain, light and thin edge, common calls for....... on this basis, the cited ancient books in all the attending of materia medica, such as wheat of fennel. Compendium of material medica, tzi ma tang, daming, east slope, slow when that wu ningxia products. However, li bai, a clause of possess.you star anise, fennel, import ear. According to the present of the star anise, the star of the widely used, with boiled meat chickens, pigs and ducks and the animals and birds, but smelling of urine, medicine is not commonly used."