Side of traditional Chinese medicine (57) heat, bright eye of semen cassiae

"Chinese pharmacopoeia" : semen cassiae

Cassia seed medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Jue Min ɡ Z ǐ

[English] by CASSIAE

Water chestnut tree, alias 】 【 obtuse leaf tree, green beans, cassia occidentalis

【 origin 】 this product is a leguminous plant tree Cassia obtusifolia l. or small tree Cassia tora l. dry mature seeds. Autumn harvest ripe fruit, dried, lay the seed, to remove impurities.

【 description 】 tree: slightly assumes the short edge square or cylindrical, both ends parallel tilt, 3 ~ 7 mm long, 2 ~ 4 mm wide. Surface green brown or dark brown, smooth. Oblique tip side is flat, the other end, back to the front of each article 1 more bumps ridge, ridge sides each have 1 color shallow oblique symmetry and line indented. Qualitative hard and not easily broken. Seed coat thin, cotyledons 2, yellow, in the "S" shape flex and overlap. Micro, slightly bitter taste.

The little tree, a short cylindrical, small, 3 ~ 5 mm long, 2 ~ 3 mm wide. Surface ridge have broad 1 piece on both sides of the yellow brown belt.

[identify] (1) take the product powder 0.5 g, with 20 ml dilute sulphuric acid and chloroform 10 ml, micro boiling reflux 15 minutes, put the cold, into the separatory funnel, divide the chloroform layer, add sodium hydroxide solution, 10 ml, vibration wave, placement, lye is red layer. Such as brown, then divide the lye layer with hydrogen peroxide solution 1 ~ 2 drops, then buy water bath heating four minutes, which is red.

(2) apply the powder 1 g, add 10 ml of methanol, dipping for 1 hour, filtration, the filtrate zhenggan residue water 10 ml dissolved, add 1 ml of hydrochloric acid, buy 30 minutes on the water bath heating, cooling, immediately extracted with ether points 2 times, every time 20 ml, merge ether liquid, dry, residual chloroform 1 ml to dissolve, as the test solution. Another emodin, rhubarb, chemical reference substance and methanol is made in each 1 ml contains 1 mg of mixed solution, as a reference substance solution. According to thin layer chromatography (appendix Ⅵ B) test, each 2 mu l learned these two solution, each point in the same sodium carboxymethyl fibers as adhesive on the silica gel H thin layer plate of petroleum ether (30 ~ 60 ℃) - ethyl formate - formic acid (15:5:1) upper solution for expansion agent, and taken out, dried, can be examined under a uv lamp (365 nm). In the chromatogram of the test, in the position of accordingly with reference substance chromatography, show the same orange fluorescence spots; Buy the ammonia vapor, smoked in a red spots.

[up] cassia seed: to remove impurities, rinse and dry. When dolly. Fried semen cassiae: net cassia seed, stir-fried method (appendix Ⅱ D) according to micro and stir-fry until aromatic. When dolly.

"Sexual flavour" sweet, bitter, salty, slightly cold.

[to the] to liver, the large intestine.

Heat, bright eye, attending function 】 【 runchang purge. For red eyes acerbity pain, photophobia tears, headache and dizziness, eye shadow is unclear, constipation.

Usage and dosage 】 【 9 ~ 15 g.

【 storage 】 dry place.

【 note 】 (1) red eyes and sore, photophobia tears such as disease, is getting on, or the wind hot indicates leader. Cassia seed can clear drain liver depression, fire and evacuation wind hot, red for eyes and sore to medicine. The wind fever, usually used with the cicada, chrysanthemum; Something, radix geutianae, often used to identify radix scutellariae, selfheal. Green eye cataract, caused by kidney deficiency. Cassia seed liver and improving eyesight, often with nourished kidney medicine such as shayuan thistles, fructus ligustri lucidi, wolfberry fruit, radix rehmanniae, with blue eye cataract. In addition, cassia seed and runchang purge role, can treat to move bowels dry knot. In recent years presents clinically used for hypertension and liver Yang interference, dizziness and other symptoms, usually used with teng, raw oysters.

【 from 】 "Chinese pharmacopoeia"

The Chinese medicine dictionary: semen cassiae

Cassia seed medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Jue Min ɡ Z ǐ

"Alias" cassia occidentalis, sheep (compendium of material medica) Wu Pu, claw (guang ya), water chestnut tree (tao hongjing...), and apple of the eye (" medicine of being wild "), shit bean (the raw herbs preparation "), false mung bean (Chinese medicine plant), the horseshoe son (jiangsu plant medicine journal), groundsel (shanxi traditional Chinese medicine (TCM))), qin (" shaanxi traditional Chinese medicine), horns bean (guangdong traditional Chinese medicine), wild green beans (herbal medicines in jiangxi province), pig bone, pig excrement blue bean, thin leaf pig excrement bean, night, entered the bean (south main poisonous plants).

【 origin 】 this sutra"

【 origin 】 is the seed of leguminous plant tree. Mature autumn fruit after harvest, the whole plant cut or remove pod and dried, with seeds, cleanse pod shell and impurity and dried again.

【 】 the original form tree (" the classics "), also known as: night shut the door, touch the foot, fake horn sheep food, peanut, night in the grass and wild flowers.

Annual herb, about 1 m tall. Stems erect, upper control rod, pubescent. Leaves alternate; Dual pinnate; Petiole grooved above, leaf axis 2 interlobular glands; Stipule linear, early fall; Lobular 3 pairs, obovate, 2 ~ 3 cm, 1.5 ~ 3 cm wide, apex rounded, slightly acuminate, base broadly cuneate or subrounded, tilt, margin entire, nearly glabrous, above is pilose below. Flower altar, in pairs; Total pedicels ca. 1 cm, pilose; Sepals 5, ovoid, outside pilose; Petals 5, obovate or elliptic, with short claw, yellow; Stamens 10, the above three degradation, the following 7 pieces of fully developed; Ovary long and thin, curved, coat, with a handle, style very short, stigma head shape. Pods, linear, slightly flat, bow bend, 15 ~ 24 cm long, 4 ~ 6 mm in diameter, puberulous. Seeds majority, diamond, sage green, there is light. Flowering 6 ~ 8 months. Fruiting 9 ~ 10 months.

Wild habitat division 】 【 on the slopes, river, or culture. Most regions of the country. Across the country were made. Major in anhui, guangxi, sichuan, zhejiang, guangdong and other places.

【 description 】 dry seeds, ling square, like water chestnut, slightly pointed at one end, the end section shape, 5 ~ 8 mm long, 2.5 ~ 3 mm wide. Surface brown or greenish brown, smooth sheen, two sides each have 1 raised brown ridge, ridge has a light color and slightly concave on both sides of the line, when the water from the burst. Qualitative hard not easy broken crosscutting thin crust, the endosperm of gray to pale yellow, cotyledon yellow or dark brown, strong folding and shrivel. No, slightly bitter taste, with a slight mucous. With uniform particles, full, tan is preferred.

Fresh seeds contain rhubaub phenol chemical composition 】 【, emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin dextrose glucoside, emodin anthracene ketone, emodin methyl ether, tree, orange tree, and new moon spore fungus rose pigment, pine tree and tree lactone. Still contain vitamin A.

[pharmacological action] (1) blood pressure

Cassia seed, water immersion, yeast and water immersion, alcohol immersion in anesthetic dogs, cats, rabbits and so on all has antihypertensive effect. But infusions of anesthetic rabbits antihypertensive effect is not obvious, and with semen cassiae tincture 5 ml, step-down more apparent, and sustained for a long time, with the same amount of dilute alcohol static note, or step-down (recovery) immediately. For in vitro toad heart inhibition; Have a contraction effect on blood vessels (lower limb perfusion method). In chronic experiment, decoction 2 grams per day (student)/kg, no antihypertensive effect.

(2) the antibacterial activity

Seeds of alcohol extract on staphylococcus aureus, corynebacterium diphtheriae, typhoid and paratyphoid, escherichia coli, etc all have inhibitory effect, while water extract is invalid, water infusion (1:4) for some skin fungi in test tubes have different degree of inhibition. Contain rhubarb phenol, but the amount is not much, and possible mild antibacterial, purging effect of.

Net [up] Fried semen cassiae: take cassia seed, set the pot and stir-fry until micro aroma, remove and let cool.

"Sexual flavour" bitter sweet, cool.

(1) "the classics", "taste salty, ping."

(2) "don't record" : "bitter sweet, slightly cold, non-toxic.

(3) is "compendium", "taste slightly bitter gan, ping, cool."

[to the] into the liver and kidney.

(1) the tripterygium wilfordii processing medicinal solution ":" into the liver meridian."

(2) "huang shu", "fa jue Yin liver, but also the bravery, kidney."

Liver function attending 】 【, improving eyesight, water, purge. Wind hot red eye, blind, finches, hypertension, hepatitis, liver cirrhosis ascites, habitual constipation.

(1) the classics) : "green blind, her skin red and white film, red eye pain, the tears out, long take profit off."

(2) "don't record" : "healing lip blue."

(3) "medicinal theory" : "the five zang-organs, except the liver heat."

(4) the solar corona material medica son: "help move, yi jing water; at the end of the tu, detumescence, 熁 temple for a headache, and stick a brain heart check epistaxis; as pillow - black beans, head wind, bright eye."

5. "Ben yan righteousness addendum" : "the snake venom."

6. Raw herbs preparation of sexuality ":" five children malnutrition, wipe tinea infection."

7 "cure a wood code to" : "purging pathogenic water."

Today "hunan drugs)," improving eyesight, diuresis. Dizzy, beriberi, swelling, pulmonary abscess, obstruction."

Pet-name ruby guangzhou forces "manual of commonly used Chinese herbal medicine", "clear liver bright eye, water purge. Treat hepatitis, liver cirrhosis ascites, high blood pressure, infantile malnutrition product, night blindness, wind hot eye sore, habitual constipation."

【 usage and dosage 】 oral: decoct soup, 1.5 ~ 3 money; Or at the end of the study. External use: at the end of the study apply.

【 note 】 the huang notes: "yarrow actually make. Hemp seed."

【 compound 】 (1) to treat blindness, in his illness, no see, such as: silk covering water chestnut tree 2 litres, mash screen, with porridge Bi take heart. Avoid fish, garlic, pork, simba. (the monk deep set square tree scattered)

(2) cure eye red swelling, semen cassiae Fried research, tea, apply two temples, dry is easy. Also head wind hot pain. (" pick yuan party ")

(3) treated finch mesh: 2 two cassia seed, kochia scoparia one or two children. Medicine, dao Shiloh to spread. Each after eating to clear congee drink next money. (the holy benevolence formulae)

(4) to treat eye repair liver, with the exception of dark and bright eye, cassia seed a liter, fructus viticis a liter (cooked in wine, five liters of wine, light dry). Medicine, dao Shiloh to spread. Two money per suit, with warm water, after food and lie in the suit. (the holy benevolence formulae, cassia seed powder)

(5) to treat acute conjunctivitis, cassia seed, chrysanthemum the three money, fructus viticis each two money, horsetail, water decoction. (" manual of hebei traditional Chinese medicine ")

6 to treat high blood pressure: cassia seed money, Fried yellow, water frying generation of tea. (" the jiangxi herbs ")

All landowners to treat infantile malnutrition product: grass cassia seed three money, at the end of the study, chicken liver, a pound, a few of liquor, harmonic into bread, steamed. (" the jiangxi herbs ")

Today treat tinea: definitely not, as at the end of the less water, silver with for bulk. In creased ringworm, first to apply the. (Sue Shen Liangfang)

Pet-name ruby blind for years. Cassia seed 2 litres of research for the end of each take one spoon, after dinner, the gruel.

Attending green blindness, birds eye (press: green blindness is the normal appearance, but not see things, birds eye night blindness). With a program, belvedere fruit tree five two, a total of research for the late, add rice water into balls, such as the child big, take 20 or 30 each pill, rice water to send.

⑾ eyes red and swollen. In semen cassiae Fried to grind fine, add tea to make fu temple, medicine to change, namely swelling overnight.

⑿ head wind hot pain. Put up.

[13] nosebleed. With three industrial zone, at the end of the cassia seed and water exchange, apply the chest.

[14] ringworm sores. At the end of in semen cassiae one two, three industrial zone. Add water, light powder, silver grind extremely fine, can't see the water silver star. Chafed ringworm sores, chitin again after.

⒂ sore back early. With cassia seed a liter (stamp), licorice, one or two, three liters of water, boil a liter, points 2 times.

Clinical application of lowering serum cholesteryl 】 : to observe 100 cases, cure before serum cholesteryl between 484 ~ 210 mg %, with an average of 246.91 mg %; After cure to 110 ~ 208 mg %, the average drop of 87.9 mg %. Most cases in medicine all have varying degrees of decline, after 2 weeks, 85% drop to normal levels, four weeks down to normal levels of income accounted for 96%, total effective rate was 98%. But in 5 cases of long-term observation, for some reason after discontinuation of serum cholesteryl is rising again, again can still drop after taking this medicine. Suggest this product to reduce serum cholesterol is temporary, for the purpose of treatment need to maintain a long time, need how long remains to be seen. After taking 85% cases of dizziness, headache, fatigue and other symptoms improve. The preparation and usage: 1 two seller decoction, cassia seed, water frying points 2 times. Denominated in syrup - 1.5 per 100 ml of containing crude drugs, 20 ml each time, three times a day. An tablet - every piece of crude drugs containing 6 points, 3 times a day, five pieces at a time. No difference between the three types of dosage forms by observing curative effect. There is a close relationship between therapeutic effect and dosage of cassia seed quantity is little, such as oral decoction daily) with 5 money cannot achieve curative effect. Side effects: the incidence of 9%, mainly for abdominal distention, diarrhea and nausea, see more at early medication, medication are not influence continue, can disappear. About the mechanism of the curative effect of this product, long-term effect and influence on atheromatous plaque formation remains to be studied.

[from] the Chinese medicine dictionary

"The Chinese material medica: cassia seed

Cassia seed medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Jue Min ɡ Z ǐ

[English] Cassia Seed, the Seed of Sickle Senna

"Alias" cassia occidentalis, sheep Ming, horns, water chestnut tree, is the apple of the eye, shit bean, mung bean, hooves, horns bean, wild potatoes, green beans, large mountain pig bone Ming and pig excrement blue beans, night, entered the bean

【 origin 】 from the cold-induced febride 1. Tao hongjing... : tree, leaf like Jiang mans, shaped like a horseshoe, call for water chestnut tree. When dolly. Don't have a cassia occidentalis again, it is Qi caraway, also in the inferior.

2. "of materia medica" : the horseshoe Yin also, in the work of improving eyesight, and cassia occidentalis, haliotis, are analogous. Cassia occidentalis feather cockscomb seed, dow so-called Qi artemisia is also. Tree has two kinds, a kind of water chestnut tree, stem three, four feet, at the end of the leaf is greater than the alfalfa and the small 茤, day opening night, two two phase 1. Autumn yellow flower, five. Junction Angle born cowpea, five, six inches long, Angle neutron tens of grains, jagged is linked together, like water chestnut,

【 origin 】 medicinal material base source: is the seed of leguminous plant tree and small tree.

Latin animal plant mineral name: 1. The Cassia obtusifolia l. 2. Cassia tora L.

Harvesting and storage: autumn fruit mature, pods got tan, the harvest, will be full of dry cutting, laying the seeds, go to net the impurities.

1. Original form 】 【 tree Annual subshrub herbs, 0.5 2 m tall. The upper branch. Leaves alternate, pinnate; Petiole 2-5 cm; Yes, 3 of the leaf blade obovate or oblong, oval 2-6 cm long, 1.5 3.5 cm wide, apex rounded, base cuneate, slightly oblique, and margin pilose below, the most of interlobular 1 bar under the glands, or below 2 of interlobular each have a gland. Flowers paired altar, the upper trunk; Peduncle very short; Flower stems 1-2 cm long; Sepals 5, obovate; Corolla yellow, petals 5, obovate, 12 to 15 mm, base clawed; Stamens 10, hair with stamens 7, 3 big anther apex acute narrow bottleneck shape; Ovary slender, styles bent. Pods slender, nearly four prismatic, 15-20 cm long, 3 -- 4 mm wide, peduncle 2-4 cm long. Most seeds, ling bar or diamond slightly flat, light brown, shiny, 1 on each side has a linear oblique grooved. Flowering in August 6 -, fruiting 8-10 months.

2. The little tree Annual subshrub herb, l - 2 m high. Leaves alternate, pinnate; Petioles without glands, on the leaf shaft between two lobular club-shaped glands 1; Yes, 3 of the membranous; Small petiole 1.5 2 mm; Stipule linear, villous. Early fall; Leaf blade obovate or pour egg elliptic, 2-6 cm long, 1.5 2.5 cm wide, apex obtuse and with a small point, base gradually narrow, deflection, sparsely pilose on the above, the following be pilose. Flowers usually 2 flowers in axillary; Peduncle 6-10 mm long; Pedicels l - 1.5 cm; Sepals 5, slightly large, ovate or oval oblong, membranous, outside pilose, about 8 mm long; Flowers yellow, petals 5, slightly below 2 slices, 12-15 mm long, 5 -- 7 mm wide; Stamens 10, yukon stamens 7; Ovary sessile, linear, white fuzz, the inside of style. Fruit slender, almost flat, a bow bend, 15-24 cm long, 4 -- 6 mm in diameter, puberulous. Most seeds, diamond, sage green, glossy. Flowering in August 6 -, fruiting 9 to October.

Ecological environment habitat division 】 【 : 1. In thin forests of hills, roadside, barren hills and slopes.

2. Born in the hill, the river.

Resource distribution: 1. The north and south provinces have cultivated or wild in our country.

2. Located in east China, central south, southwest and jilin, liaoning, hebei, shanxi. Cultivation or wild.

"Culture" biological characteristics Xi high temperature and humid climate, it is necessary to sunny with fastest growing summer high temperature and rainy season. Suitable for loose fertile sandy loam soil, low-lying, Yin slope shoulds not be planted. Avoid continuous cropping. The seed kernels per 28.2 30.7 g.

Cultivation techniques Use in breeding. Before sowing seed soaking with warm water, remove to cool.

Seeding time in early April, south north in mid-april. Drilling, 55-65 - cm row spacing, 5-7 cm, the seed evenly into the ditch, covering about 3 cm, slightly repression. Keep the soil moist, after 7 to 10 d emergence. Dibbling, every hole 7-8 grain, every lh ㎡ YongZhongLiang 15-22.5 kg.

Field management miao miao, 5 cm high time have been to pull of weak seedling, 15 cm when combined with row weeding by planting distance 30 cm singling seedling height of 40 cm in the last row ridging, can prevent lodging. Before flowering fertilizer l - 2, 120 kg per lh ㎡ with ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, 225 kg, mixed in plant side, combining ridging embedment. After four seasons attention drains, emergence timely watering grass.

Prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests Disease resistant: or prior to the onset of early disease with 40% folpet 400-500 times liquid spray. Ring spot: stem, leaf, pod infection, prevention method. Pests have aphids, seedling heavier.

【 description 】 identification (1) the tree is four spheres short cylindrical, obtuse at one end, on the other side tilt and pointed, 4-6 mm long, 2 -- 3 mm wide. Surface brown or dark brown, smooth, glossy, back to the front of each article 1 raised ridge, ridge sides each have 1 article from umbilical point to points of oblique light brown line indented. Qualitative hard. A transverse thin skin; The endosperm hoar, translucent; Embryo yellow, two pieces of cotyledon overlapping S shaped flex. After complete seeds micro gas, broken small bean gamey smell; Taste bitter, slightly sticky. (2) the small tree short cylindrical, 3-5 mm long, 2-2.5 mm wide. Ridge each have 1 belt of broad light golden brown on both sides. With the grain full, color green brown is preferred.

显微鉴别 种子横切面：（1〕决明 最外为厚的角质层，表皮为1列栅状细胞，壁不均匀加厚，在细胞的1/2和下1/3处各有1条光辉带；以下为1列支柱细胞，略呈哑铃状，壁厚，相邻两细胞间有大的细胞间隙；内方为6-8列营养层薄壁细胞，内含草酸钙簇晶，直径3-10μm；最内1列种皮细胞排列整齐，长方形，含草酸钙棱晶。胚乳细胞壁不均匀加厚，含粘液质、糊粉粒、色素、草酸钙簇晶和油滴。子叶细胞内含草酸钙簇晶，直径3-10μm。(2)小决明 草酸钙簇晶较多，直径10-19μm，部分支柱细胞外侧壁特别增厚，营养层细胞5-6列。粉末特征：(1)决明 呈黄棕色。①角质层碎片平滑、透明，表面可见波状弯曲的网状花纹。②栅状细胞侧壁不均匀增厚，表面观细胞多角形，壁厚。③支柱细胞侧面观呈哑铃状，表面观呈类圆形或多角形，并可见上下两层同心圆圈。④种皮薄壁细胞含草酸钙棱晶。⑤胚乳细胞壁不均匀增厚，含糊粉粒及草酸钙簇晶。⑥子叶细胞含草酸钙簇晶，直径3-10μm。(2)小决明 与上种的区别为：①角质层碎片较少，表面观可见多角形的网状花纹。②部分支柱细胞表面观不见两层同心圆圈，只见一层圆圈，内为一弯曲的细线。③草酸钙簇晶较多且大，直径10-19μm。

【化学成分】决明种子含大黄酚(chrysophanol)，大黄素甲醚(physcion)，美决明子素(obtusifolin)，黄决明素(chryso-ob-tusin)，决明素(obtusin)，橙黄决明素(aurantio-obtusin)，葡萄糖基美决明子素(gluco-obtusifolin)，葡萄糖基黄决明素(gluco-chryso-obtusin)，葡萄糖基橙黄决明素(gluco-aurantio-obtusin)，红镰玫素(rubrofusarin)，决明子甙(cassiaside)，决明蒽酮(torosachrysone)，异决明种内酯(isotoralactone)，决明子内酯(cassialactone)，2，5-二甲氧基苯醌(2，5-dimethoxyben-zoquinone)，决明种内酯(toralactone)，大黄素(emodin)，芦荟大黄素(aloe-emodin)，大黄酚-9-蒽酮(chrysophanol-9-anthro-ne)，决明子甙(cassiaside)B及C，红镰玫素-6-O-龙胆二糖甙(rubrofusarin-6-O-gentiobioside)，意大利鼠李蒽醌-1-O-葡萄糖甙(alaternin-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside)，大黄素甲醚-8-O-葡萄糖甙(physcion-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside)，1-去甲基决明素(1-desmethylobtusin)，1-去甲基橙黄决明素(1-desmethylaurantio-ob-tusin)，1-去甲基黄决明素(1-desmethylchryso-obtusin)，大黄酚-10, 10ˊ-联蒽酮(chrysophanol-10，10ˊ-bianthrone)，大黄素-8-甲醚(questin)，苯甲酸(benzoic acid)。 The other oil by 4.65% to 5.79%, of which the main components for palmitic acid (palmitic acid), stearic acid (stearic acid), oleic acid (oleic acid), linoleic acid, linoleic acid). And inclusive of our 0.014% can be steam volatile oil, including dihydro kiwifruit lactone (dihydroactinodiolide), between - cresol (m - cresol, 2 - hydroxy - 4 - methoxy acetophenone (2 - hydroxy - 4 - methoxy - ace - tophenone), palmitic acid methyl ester (methyl palmitate), methyl oleate (methy - loleate) as the main ingredient. In the saponification material, have the C16 - C31 microcomputer alkanes, cholesteryl (cholesterol), stigmasterol (stigmasterol), beta sitosterol (beta sitosterol), 1, 3-2 hydroxy - 3 - methyl anthraquinone (1, 3 - dihydroxy - 3 - methylanthraquinone). Small tree seeds contain rhubaub phenol, tree, orange tree, emodin, aloe-emodin, emodin methyl ether, tree species of lactone, rhein (rhein), beauty cassia seed, yellow tree, red mei, unit to methyl red copper mei (norrubrofusarin), cassia seed glucoside, cassia seed glucoside B, red copper mei element - 6 - O - gentiana two glucoside, red copper mei glucose - 6 - O - qin sugar glucoside

[pharmacological action] 1. Antibacterial effect Cassia seed alcohol extract on staphylococcus aureus, corynebacterium diphtheriae, typhoid and paratyphoid, has inhibitory effect on e. coli, while water extract is invalid. The roots of cassia seed and seed were showing antimicrobial activity, take 2, 5 - dimethoxy benzoquinone to staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli were strong antibacterial activity, 8 - O - methyl rhubarb phenol (8 - O - methylchrysophanol) is only for the staphylococcus aureus antibacterial activity. Obtained from the seed and the root of the compounds by paper to observe the 209 p s. aureus and e. coli NiHJ antimicrobial activity, and the determination of the minimum bacteriostasis concentration, prove benzoquinone (2, 5 - dimethoxy benzoquinone), emodin anthraquinones (emodin, emodin - 8 - methyl ether), four hydrogen anthracene (tree anthracene ketone) and naphthalene - a - pyrone class (lactone, different tree tree species lactone) strong antibacterial activity, and red copper mei element such as naphthalene - gamma - pyrone no antimicrobial activity. There is data shows that natural anthraquinone in 1, 8 - dihydroxy anthraquinone derivatives were the strongest antimicrobial activity, such as rhein, emodin, because this kind of compounds inhibit nucleic acid biosynthesis in bacteria and antimicrobial activity and breathing process.

2. The antifungal effect Cassia seed water infusion (1:4) in the test tube to plaster sample MAO versicolor bacterium, Xu Lan favus bacteria, Mr Du ang small buds ringworm fungi such as skin fungi have different degree of inhibition. Cassia seed contain rhubaub phenol - 9 - anthracene ketone, in vitro to red hair versicolor bacterium, whiskers versicolor bacterium, dog microspore bacteria, gypsum sample microspore bacteria, ground wire bacteria have stronger inhibitory effect.

3. The analysis, Cassia seed water immersion, alcohol - water immersion, alcohol immersion in anesthetic dogs, cats, rabbits and so on all has antihypertensive effect. In chronic experiment, decoction daily 2 g (student)/kg, no antihypertensive effect. Cassia seed injection intravenous injection of 0.05 g / 100 g weight can make the spontaneous genetic hypertension rats significantly lower systolic blood pressure, but also to lower diastolic blood pressure significantly, its antihypertensive effect, antihypertensive amplitude and duration were better than intravenous reserpine 0.3 mg/kg group of rats.

4. The effect on hyperlipidemia Fatty drinks containing 7% cassia seed feeding mice with 2 weeks, cassia seed cannot affect the level of serum total cholesterol (TC), but significantly higher serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL - C) - content and increase HDL - C/TC ratio, which obviously improve the distribution of cholesterol in the body, and is advantageous to the prevention of atherosclerosis. Cassia seed powder has a lower experimental hyperlipidemia rats plasma total cholesterol and three acyl glycerin (triglyceride), to decrease by 29% and 73%, respectively, compared with model group, also can reduce three acyl glycerin in liver and the role of inhibition of platelet aggregation, its value decrease by 49% and 59%, respectively, compared with the model group. There is data to prove that description of anthraquinone compounds have fall hematic fat action.

5. Platelet aggregation Tree has an adenosine diphosphate (ADP), arachidonic acid (AA), platelet aggregation induced by collagen (collagen). Tree three anthraquinone compounds in the orange tree, yellow tree, rhubarb, known as weak activity of platelet aggregation. It also found that three anthraquinone glycoside compounds sugar glucose base American cassia seed element, glucose glucose base yellow tree, orange tree and has a strong inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation. For tree share 17 9, 10 - anthraquinone compounds inhibit AA, ADP, collagen induced rat platelet aggregation activity screening, depress AA induced: dextrose based beauty cassia seed element and base orange tree, aspirin and glucose base yellow tree, which is about three times of aspirin; Inhibition of ADP induced: the above three anthraquinone pond glucoside compounds for 5 to 50 times of aspirin; Inhibition of collagen induced: the above three anthraquinone glucoside compounds for aspirin 2-5 times. And found that in the 9, 10 - anthraquinone compounds structure to introduce hydroxyl, methoxy or after the hydroxyl glucoside, inhibition of platelet aggregation activity.

6. Effects on immune function Cassia seed water frying alcohol heavy dose of 15 g/kg subcutaneous injection can make the thymic atrophy in mice, significantly lower rate of peripheral blood lymphocyte ANAE stain negative, to 2, 4 - nitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice caused by inhibition of skin delayed-type hypersensitivity, but has no obvious influence on the formation of serum hemolysin, and cassia seed water frying alcohol sink agent can make the mice celiac chicken red blood cell percentage and index of macrophage cell increased obviously, lysozyme level is significantly higher than the control group. The results showed that the semen cassiae has inhibitory effect on cellular immune function, had no obvious effect on humoral immune function, and to enhance the phagocytosis of macrophage.

7. Protect liver function Cassia seed hot water extract oral 670 mg/kg of carbon tetrachloride poisoning mice liver have weak detoxification. Cassia seed extracted by petroleum ether degreasing, chloroform, then extracted with methanol, the results of the methanol extract has significant effect that protect liver. Further profit from rhubarb phenol - l - O - three dextrose glucoside, rhubarb phenol - 1 - O - four dextrose glucoside in 1 mg/ml to carbon tetrachloride injury of liver cells have weak protection, also found that the aloe emodin has a similar resistance to toxic liver function. Further pharmacological and embedded study also shows that cassia seed glucoside, red copper mei element - 6 - O - gentian disaccharide glycoside and red copper mei glucose - 6 - O - qin sugar glucoside is definitely the main active ingredient in protecting liver.

The 8. Purging effect Cassia seed have HuanXie effect. The liquid extract oral under after purging effect is at its peak in 3 to 5 h. From the 50% ethanol soluble part of the water decoction, in turn, butyric acid, acetic acid with soluble and water soluble part is obtained respectively. Activity will be flooded with the highest part of butanol with dextran gel column separation of three components, will have an active component by acid hydrolysis, get the same rhubarb phenol, anthracene ketone and d-glucose. After oral these components, can detect from the large intestine nitroso diphenylamine condensation compound and rhubarb phenol anthracene ketone, but for the chloramphenicol processing and inhibition of the proliferation of intestinal bacteria in mice, the flooded with activity in half, anthrone generated is also reduced. The visible, its in composition may with senna glucoside in mice within A function in the same way, namely in the role of intestinal bacteria, generate matter and the role of bowel function. Cassia seed contains the purging of material, one of the department of senna glucoside A rhubarb phenol anthracene ketone glucoside.

9. Effects on gastric juice secretion To do the gastric fistula dogs, on an empty stomach for cassia seed liquid extract can promote the secretion of gastric juice.

10. Inhibition of 15 - hydroxy prostaglandin dehydrogenase (15 - OH PGDH) role has diuretic effect of prostaglandin E2 by 15 - hydroxyl prostaglandin dehydrogenase into 15 - ketone was to in vitro generation of prostaglandins, and inhibit the reaction in the body can make the diuresis function extension. Cassia seed water extract could inhibit 15 - OH PGDH activity. Ethane, chloroform, methanol, water, in turn, was used to extract, then using column chromatography separation of enzyme activity inhibition substances, tree, and found that anthraquinone derivatives of cassia seed element IC50 1.064 x 10 mol /, respectively, 1.666 x 10 mol/L, the coexistence of rhubarb anthraquinone derivatives of phenol and emodin IC50 of methyl ether were 1.789 x 10 mol/L, 1.236 x 10 mol/L, inhibiting activity of sample are weaker.

11. The toxicity experiment proves the anthraquinone compounds to carcinogenicity of medicinal plants. Most of the hydroxyl anthraquinone glycoside yuan of salmonella typhimurium TA - 1537 and mutation. In mammalian cells tests show that the hydroxyl anthraquinone compounds cause reproductive toxicity have obvious structure-activity relationship, when 1, 3 hydroxy (such as emodin) and side chain with hydroxymethyl (such as 2 - hydroxy anthracene ketone, aloe emodin), these anthraquinone compounds and reproductive toxicity. But the toxicity of cassia seed itself is yet to be studied.

[toxic] 1. Sprague wrote a Dawloy add cassia seed to feed rats 16-32%, to 8 days with the increase of semen cassiae dose, the rats' weight also increased, feed and water consumption reduced.

2. When the amount of feed add cassia seed 8% or higher, visible in rat testicular sperm reduce, reduce bone marrow, the decrease in the number of bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte, neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio increase, etc.

[identify] (1) take the product powder 0.2 g, to trace the sublimation, will sublimate microscope, visible acicular or pinnate yellow crystal, hydrogenated potassium hydroxide solution, crystallization dissolved, and red. (check the anthraquinone derivatives) (2) this product powder 0.5 g, with 20 ml dilute sulphuric acid and chloroform 10 ml, micro boiling reflux 15 min, put cold, into the separatory funnel, divide the chloroform layer, add sodium hydroxide solution 10 ml, vibration wave, placement, lye formation in red. Such as brown, then divide the lye layer with hydrogen peroxide solution l - 2 drops, then buy water bath heating 4 min, namely appear red. (check anthraquinone derivatives) (3) thin layer chromatography Take this product powder 1 g, add 10 ml of methanol, dipping lh, filtration, the filtrate zhenggan residue water 10 ml dissolved, add 1 ml of hydrochloric acid, water bath heating on 30 min, cooling, immediately extracted with ether points 2 times, every time 20 ml, merge ether liquid, dry, residual chloroform 1 ml to dissolve, as the test solution. Another emodin, rhubarb, chemical reference substance and made each 1 ml of methanol mixed solution containing 1 mg, as a reference substance solution. The 2 mu l learned these two solution, each point in the same sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as adhesive of silica gel H thin layer plate, with petroleum ether (30 to 60 ℃) - ethyl formate - formic acid (15:5:1) upper solution for expansion agent, and taken out, dried, can be examined under a uv lamp (365 nm). In the chromatogram of the test, in the position of accordingly with reference substance chromatography, show the same orange fluorescence spots; After ammonia in the fume, a red spots.

Net [up] Fried semen cassiae: take cassia seed, set the pot and stir-fry until micro aroma, remove and let cool.

【 sex flavor 】 salty bitterness; Of out; non-toxic

To the liver 】; Bravery. Kidney meridian

The functions of functional attending 】 【 clear heat, detoxification lishi. Main wind hot cold, flu, acute conjunctivitis, damp heat jaundice, acute or chronic nephritis, taken down, scrofula, sore carbuncle furuncle swollen, mastitis

【 usage and dosage 】 oral: decoct soup, 9 to 15 g.

【 note 】 diarrhea and lower blood pressure with caution. "Huang notes: yarrow is made. Hemp seed.

【 compound 】 1. Cassia seed powder (" holy benevolence formulae "), to repair the work of liver. 2. Chrysanthemum tree (the card for the criterion "), the attending red swelling, photophobia tears more. 3. Caulis dendrobii noctilucent powder (the original machine and micro), liver breeze, ziyin bright eye, attending liver and kidney deficiency, Yin deficiency fire, pupil, scattered god vision dim, photophobia tears, and cataract.

Each paper 】 【 1. "this sutra: cure blindness, her skin red and white film, red eye pain, the tears out, long take profit.

2. "don't record" : healing lip.

3. The "medicinal theory" : the five zang-organs, except the liver heat.

4. The compendium of material medica: set the son help move, good pure water; At the end of the tu, detumescence poison, 熁 temple for a headache, and stick a brain heart check epistaxis; As pillow - black beans, head wind, improving eyesight.

5. "Ben yan righteousness addendum" : the snake venom.

6. The raw herbs sex preparation: five children malnutrition, wipe tinea infection.

7. The medical code to Lin: spilled water.

8. "hunan drugs" : bright eye, diuresis. Dizzy, beriberi, swelling, pulmonary abscess, obstruction.

9. The commonly used Chinese herbal medicine's handbook: guangzhou forces clear liver bright eye, water purge. Treat hepatitis, liver cirrhosis ascites, hypertension, infantile malnutrition product, night blindness, wind hot eye sore, habitual constipation.

10. "Ben" test: tree, salty taste blood, air cold heat, so the cure blind green skin membrane tear out the heat injury of blood points if gas points and cold to in all CARDS, not its appropriate.

11. "huang shu" : cassia seed, and its taste salty, "don't record profit with bitter GanWei cold and non-toxic. Example, salty water, unwilling to bitter can drain hot, flat stomach gas, cold can yi Yin heat discharge, fa jue Yin liver home also is medicine. Also in the gallbladder kidney. Liver begin to understand in the eye, apple of the eye divine kidney, so the main green blindly, skin red and white film, eye red tears out of pain. "Don't record" and cure lip. "This sutra long take good cleaners, yi Yin release heat, big also caused by kidney qi.

12. "Ben", cassia seed, feather cockscomb seed, although its cure eye analogous, but feather cockscomb seed, "this sutra cloud bitter cold, salty and semen cassiae yue ping, in the don't record and bitter GanWei cold, is a solid is different. KuangJiaMo call it except liver heat, qi and liver, his superior to feather cockscomb. And ancient Chinese philosophers call its and diseases with no loss on its feet, there two say or do wipe. Yu more than ten years old boy, known as the eye disease has the more, and because of hemorrhinia as liver and kidney deficiency fire burden, cause eye red eye canthus small painful, add and subtract in the six flavors pill into the tree, not feather cockscomb, and very quick.

13. "Ben" pursuing: cassia seed, with the exception of the wind cooling. Mortal eyes tears don't accept, sore eyes, within the genus hot wind, so that blood is not upward, treat immediately for expelling; Click here if you can release heat, salt can soft firm, will blood tonic, thin air flotation, can spread the wind again, so to cure eye closed tears pain medicine. And as a pillow to head wind, but this suit too, what search to wind, the harm, so will close with briers, chamomile, medlar, radix rehmanniae, privet, huai, valley grass phase for subsidies, the work even better. Of tree, is this meaning.

14. "Ben" justice: cassia seed and eyesight, but zi yi liver and kidney, with town latent Yin for righteousness, is this shouji, not as the WenXin wind, cold hot reduction of lawmakers comparable, check for the disease is the most favorable has nothing to lose.

[from] the Chinese material medica