Side of traditional Chinese medicine (60) heat cool blood emblic leafflower fruit

Emblic leafflower fruit

Morphological characteristics

Trees, up to 23 meters, diameter at breast height 50 cm; Bark pale brown; Branches with longitudinal pinstripe, brown pubescent. Leaf blade papery to leathery, two columns, linear oblong, 8 ~ 20 mm long, 2 ~ 6 mm wide, apex flattened or obtuse, with a sharp point or emarginated, base shallow heart, slightly oblique, green, light green, below after working with red or light brown, margin slightly revolute; Lateral veins 4 ~ 7 on each side; Petiole 0.3 ~ 0.7 mm; Lobes triangular, 0.8 ~ 1.5 mm long, maroon, margin with lashes.

More than one male and one female flowers or for all of male flowers axillary cyme; Sepals 6. Male flowers: pedicel 1-2.5 mm long; Sepals membranous, yellow, obovate, or long spoon, subequal, 1.2 ~ 2.5 mm long, 0.5 ~ 1 mm wide, apex obtuse or rounded, margin entire or shallow teeth; Stamens 3, filaments hopson column growth of 0.3 ~ 0.7 mm, anthers erect, oblong, 0.5 ~ 0.9 mm long, apex with short point,, which was parallel to the longitudinal crack; Pollen nearly globose, 17.5 ~ 19 microns in diameter, with 4 to 6 hole groove, hole long oval; The faceplate glands 6, nearly triangular; Female flowers: pedicel ca. 0.5 mm long; Sepals oblong or spoon, 1.6 ~ 2.5 mm long, 0.7 ~ 1.3 mm wide, apex obtuse or rounded, thicker, margin membranous, how many shallowly dentate; His goblet, parcel ovary - more than half, edge tear.

Ovary ovoid, ca. 1.5 mm long, 3 room, styles 3, 2.5 ~ 4 mm long, base connate, apex 2 crack, 5-lobed, 2 again. Capsule drupe shaped, round ball, 1-1.3 cm in diam., exocarp fleshy, green white or yellowish white, endocarp crust quality; Seeds reddish, 5 ~ 6 mm long, 2 ~ 3 mm wide. Flowering from April to June, fruiting 7 ~ 9 months.

Growing environment

Yu GanZiShu drought resistance to desert, adaptability is very strong, xi xi wen. Grow well in about the annual average temperature 20 ℃, 0 ℃ or so that has cold phenomenon. Was born in 200 ~ 2300 meters above sea level, mountain woodlands, thickets, waste, or mount XiangYangChu.

Distribution range

From jiangxi, fujian, Taiwan, guangdong, hainan, guangxi, sichuan, guizhou and yunnan provinces. China's wild distribution in yunnan, guangxi, fujian, hainan, Taiwan, hainan, sichuan, guizhou province, jiangxi, hunan, zhejiang and other parts of the province as well.

In India, Sri Lanka, Indochina, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines, etc., have cultivated in South America. Type specimens collected from eastern India.

Cultivation techniques

【 biological characteristics 】 : happy event is warm and humid climate, afraid of cold, meet cream easily fallen leaves, fallen petal, even freezing tender branches. The soil is relaxed, all kinds of the southern mountain planting. In sunny slope, terrace and garden cultivation is advisable.

[reproduction method 】 : used for the propagation of seed and grafting. Seed: spring sowing nursery seedling growth in the 70 ~ 100 cm, and good varieties of grafting. Grafting reproduction: select 2 ~ 4 years, wild emblic leafflower fruit for the stock take 2 years of good varieties of branches to a scion, the grafting between 2 ~ 5 months. Survival after press the row planting distance 4 m * 3 m or 4 m * 4 m transplanting, 1 hm2 plant a total of 600 ~ 825.

【 field management 】 : every year, spring, summer and autumn a fertilizer, conditional region of compound fertilizer should be applied or green manure interplanting, to improve soil fertility. At ordinary times often weeds, scarification, and soil.

Pest and disease control of 【 】 : pests have wood moth, scale insects, aphids and so on, available 0. L % ~ 0.8% methamidophos injection, etc.

The main value

Medicinal value

Emblic leafflower fruit for euphorbiaceae plants of the genus leaf under bead emblic leafflower fruit (Phyllanthus emblica l.) fruit, alias myrobalan, olive (sichuan), yunnan olive (yunnan), shawl and so on. Compendium of material medica called tang guan moller, yu, "the southern vegetation shape" refers to "the leaves thin, like a faint, flower, food is like lee, greenish yellow, nuclear round for six or seven edges, the food business before pleasure", "compendium of materia medica" called the temple mount and fruit, with "eat bitter at the beginning of its flavor for a long time more, therefore, yue yu gan".

Emblic leafflower fruit, as a kind of commonly used medicine and myrobalan, myrobalan three MAO often referred to as "three big fruit" in medicine use frequency is very high, in the "standard of Tibetan medicine" of 290 kinds of Tibetan medicine contained in medicine, including emblic leafflower fruit there are 72 species, accounting for 25% of the total, the ministry of health and drug standard 1995 Tibetan medicine contained 200 kinds of medicine, there are 59 species including emblic leafflower fruit, accounted for 29%, emblic leafflower fruit into the "Chinese pharmacopoeia" 1977 version.

Emblic leafflower fruit fruit flavour acid slightly astringent, clear heat cool blood, xiaoshi spleen, thirst quenching. Attending the blood and blood stasis, indigestion, abdominal distension, cough, sore throat, dry mouth and vitamin C deficiency. In Tibetan medicine, the emblic leafflower fruit attending bacon, ChiBa disease, blood disease, hypertension, etc. The results show that the emblic leafflower fruit has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-aging, protect liver, etc.

Fruit (basic) : sweet, shibuya, cool. Heat the pharynx, runfei cough. For a cold fever, sore throat, cough and mouth thousand polydipsia, earache, vitamin c deficiency. The root (oil orange root) : simba, cold. Poisonous. Xiaoshi, water, phlegm, insecticidal. Used for hypertension, stomach pain, diarrhea, scrofula. Leaves (oil orange leaf) : simba., smooth. Clearing damp diuresis. For edema, skin eczema. Bark (oil orange wood veneer) : sweet, sour, cold. Remove sterilization, to stop the bleeding. For the aphtha, healing sores, hemorrhoids, scrotal eczema, traumatic bleeding. Branches of gall (oil orange insect) : used for stomachache, hernia, spermatorrhea, infantile malnutrition and toothache.

Healthcare value

"Chinese pharmacopoeia" - fruit: heat cool blood, xiaoshi jianwei, fluid cough. For the blood and blood stasis, indigestion, abdominal distension, cough, sore throat, dry mouth.

"The national assembly of Chinese herbal medicine" - the root: used for high blood pressure, stomach pain, enteritis, lymph node tuberculosis. Leaf: clearing damp diuresis. For edema, skin eczema.

note

【 usage and dosage 】 : fruit: 3 ~ 9 g, more into the pill loose clothing. Root: age from 25 to 50 grams, leaves 15 ~ 30 grams; For external use right amount, Fried wash affected area.

【 storage 】 : buy a cool and dry place.

【 from 】 : "Chinese pharmacopoeia", "national assembly of Chinese herbal medicine"

Emblic leafflower fruit

"Chinese pharmacopoeia" : the emblic leafflower fruit

Emblic leafflower fruit medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Yu G ā n Z ǐ

[source 】 this product Tibetan conventional medicine. For the euphorbiaceae plants of the genus oil orange emblic leafflower fruit Phyllanthus emblica l. dry ripe fruit. Winter to spring when ripe fruit harvest, remove the impurities and drying.

【 characteristics 】 this product is spherical or oblate, 1.2 ~ 2 cm in diameter. Surface brown to blackish green color, with light yellow granular protrusions, wrinkles and six arrises is not obvious, stem about 1 mm. Pericarp thick 1 ~ 4 mm, qualitative hard and brittle. Endocarp yellow-white, hard core sample, the surface just six arrises, upper back stitches partial several channels, can be split into 6 disc after dry. Seed 6, almost three prismatic, brown. Micro and acidity, taste sweet back.

【 sex flavor 】, acid, acerbity, cool.

[to the] to the lungs, stomach.

Heat cool blood, attending function 】 【 xiaoshi jianwei, fluid cough. For the blood and blood stasis, indigestion, abdominal distension, cough, sore throat, dry mouth.

More than 3 ~ 9 g, usage and dosage 】 【 into loose clothing.

【 storage 】 a cool and dry place.

【 from 】 "Chinese pharmacopoeia"

"The national assembly of Chinese herbal medicine" : the emblic leafflower fruit

Emblic leafflower fruit medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Yu G ā n Z ǐ

"Alias" olive, olive/yunnan, sichuan, yunnan moller, myrobalan temples

【 origin 】 for euphorbiaceae plants of the genus oil orange emblic leafflower fruit Phyllanthus emblica l., roots, leaves, bark, etc. Can be used as a medicine. Roots and bark for recoverable, fresh or dried; Ye Chunxia, fresh with or impregnated with.

Fruit: sexual flavour 】 【 sweet, shibuya, cool.

Root: light, ping.

Leaf: simba, ping.

Fruit: attending function 】 【 cold fever, sore throat, cough, dry mouth, polydipsia, toothache, vitamin c deficiency.

Root: for hypertension stomach, enteritis, lymph node tuberculosis.

Leaf: clearing damp diuresis. For edema, skin eczema.

【 usage and dosage 】 fruit: 10 ~ 30, root: 0.5 ~ 1, 3 ~ 6 leaves money; For external use right amount, Fried wash affected area.

The "national assembly of Chinese herbal medicine" [from]

The Chinese medicine dictionary: emblic leafflower fruit

Emblic leafflower fruit medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Yu G ā n Z ǐ

[English] FRUCTUS PHYLLANTHI

【 origin 】 this product Tibetan conventional medicines, more than for euphorbiaceae plants the basic Phyllanthus emblica l. dry ripe fruit. Winter to spring when ripe fruit harvest, remove the impurities and drying.

【 characteristics 】 this product is spherical or oblate, 1.2 ~ 2 cm in diameter. Surface brown to blackish green color, with light yellow granular protrusions, wrinkles and six arrises is not obvious, stem about 1 mm. Mesocarp thick 1 ~ 4 mm, qualitative hard and brittle. Endocarp yellow-white, hard core sample, the surface just six arrises, back upper stitching partial several vascular bundles, can be split into 6 disc after dry. Seed 6, almost three prismatic, brown. Micro and acidity, taste sweet back.

【 sex flavor 】, acid, acerbity, cool.

Heat cool blood, attending function 】 【 xiaoshi jianwei, fluid cough. For the blood and blood stasis, liver disease, indigestion, abdominal pain, cough, sore throat, dry mouth.

More than 3 ~ 9 g, usage and dosage 】 【 into loose clothing.

【 storage 】 a cool and dry place.

[from] the Chinese medicine dictionary

"The Chinese material medica: emblic leafflower fruit

Emblic leafflower fruit medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Yu G ā n Z ǐ

[English] emblic leafflower fruit, fruit of emblic leafflower

"Alias" yu gan, moller temples, temples fell olive oil, fruit, fruit and soil basic, cows, throws the basic basic, fish, son, jack, yunnan olive, olive.

【 origin 】 from the tang material medica.

Material medica: 1. The tang guan moller lingnan. Leaves thin and faint, the flower, like li Nai, greenish yellow, nuclear circle, six and seven edges. In the kernel is also used as a medicine.

2. "Ben figure sutra: temples moller, wide two counties and give the valleys. Wood high, two zhangs, very soft branches, thin ye qing, sunset north Korea opened the folding, such as the request of the night and leaves a small, chunsheng winter carving, there are flowers in March, the article, such as millet, light yellow, then strong close, two son, each of the three to winter and cooked, such as plum, white stomach, five or six nuclear as a disc, namely crack and nuclear.

【 origin 】 medicinal material base source: for euphorbiaceae plants emblic leafflower fruit fruit.

Latin animal plant mineral name: Phyllanthus emblica L.

Harvesting and storage: October 9 - fruit harvest, scalding water or after immersion in brine, dried.

【 】 the original form emblic leafflower fruit Leaves small trees or shrubs, 3-8 m high. Bark grayish white, thin and easy to fall off, revealing large terra-cotta-colored endothelial. Leaves alternate on thin small branches, 2 columns, densely, like pinnate; Nearly sessile; When leaves the twigs off; Stipule linear lanceolate; Leaf blade oblong linear or oblong, 1-2 cm long, 3 -- 5 mm wide. Flowers solitary, axillary flowers small, yellow; Unisexual, monoecious, shortstipitate; Every flowers with 1 female flowers, flowers flowers with sepals 5 or 6, without flap; Male flowers faceplate into six tiny glands, stamens 3, hopson pillars; Female flowers his goblet, torn edge shape, ovary half hidden among them. Fruit fleshy, ca. 1.5 cm, round, with six arrises, beginning to yellow-green, terra-cotta-colored is shown after mature, acidity and then back to the first sweet taste. Flowering 4-5 months, fruiting 9 to 11 months.

Ecological habitat division 】 【 : born in an altitude of 300-1200 - m thin forests or XiangYangChu slope.

Resource distribution: distribution in fujian, Taiwan, guangdong, hainan, guangxi, sichuan, guizhou, yunnan and other places.

"Culture" biological characteristics Xi warm humid climate, afraid of cold, encounter cream easily fallen leaves, fallen petal, even freezing tender branches. The soil is relaxed, all kinds of the southern mountain planting. In sunny slope, terrace and garden cultivation is advisable.

Cultivation techniques By seed reproduction and grafting. Seed: spring sowing nursery seedling growth in the 70-100 cm, and good varieties of grafting. Grafting reproduction: select 2-4 years, wild emblic leafflower fruit for the stock take 2 years of good varieties of branches to a scion, the grafting between 2 to 5 months. Survival after press the row planting distance 4 m * 3 m or 4 m * 4 m transplanting, 1 hm2 plant a total of 600-825.

Field management Every year, spring, summer and autumn a fertilizer, conditional region of compound fertilizer should be applied or green manure interplanting, to improve soil fertility. At ordinary times often weeds, scarification, and soil.

Prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests Pests have wood moth, scale insects, aphids and so on, can use 0. % l - 0.8% methamidophos, such as injection.

[properties] identification Fruit globose or compressed globose, 1.2 2 cm in diameter. Brown to blackish green color, the surface has a pale yellow granular protrusions, wrinkles and six arrises is not obvious, fruit stalk LMM, long flesh (mesocarp) 1-4 mm thick, qualitative hard and brittle. Endocarp yellow-white, hard core sample, the surface just six arrises, upper back stitches partial several vascular bundles, break into 6 disc after dry. 6 seed, nearly three prismatic, brown. Micro and acidity, taste sweet back. As a big, thick flesh, HuiTianWei thick is preferred.

Microscopic identification Peel a transverse: pericarp by cell wall thickening of polygonal cells of two to seven columns, cell 8 to 20 microns in diameter. Mesocarp thick widely for thin-walled cells, vascular bundle through, parenchyma cells of 32-65 microns in diameter, intracellular calcium oxalate crystal column and Fang Jing. Endocarp multiple columns of small stone cells, cell significantly, not very clear layer lines.

Chemical composition 】 【 fruits contain tannins, including glucose gallic tanned glucoside (glucogallin), gallic acid, gallic acid), and gallic acid, ellagic acid), tanning cloud real essence (corilagin), the original myrobalan acid (terchebin), great li le acid (chebulagicacid), myrobalan acid (chebulinic acid), myrobalan times acid (chebulic acid), 3, 6-2 gallic acid and glucose (3, 6 - digalloylglucose), dried fruit containing viscous acid (mucicacid) 4% to 9%. The skin contains gallic acid, oil orange acid (phyllemblic acid), emblic leafflower fruit of phenol (emblicol). Seed contains about 26% of the fixed oil, the oil contains 8.8% linolenic acid, linolenic acid, linoleic acid, linoleic acid) 44%, oleic acid (oleic acid) 28.4%, stearic acid (stearic acid) 2.2%, palmitic acid, palmitic acid) 3.0%, myristic acid, myristic acid) 1%, etc.

[pharmacological action] 1. The effects on the cardiovascular system: this product is alcohol extract oral 2 consecutive days (1 g/kg), to combat the isopropyl adrenaline (85 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection two days) caused by myocardial necrosis in rats; And can increase myocardial glycogen levels, serum lipid and acid also have obvious changes. This product lg/kg gives high cholesterol rabbit to the feeding, compared with the control group can obviously reduce serum cholesterol (P < 0.001), coronary artery cholesterol (P < 0.001) and liver cholesterol (P < 0.001), but not influence the euglobulin agglutination dissolution time, platelet sticky or the level of serum three glyceride, speculated that its role is not only contains vitamin C, and other components.

2. Other effects: the product extracts to combat environmental chemistry factor mutagenic effect of mammalian cells, and stronger than the equivalent dose of vitamin C. This article extracts 1-10% concentration of 810 rx line irradiation caused by chromosome aberration has a protective effect. Irradiation before and after medication were effective, its protective effect may be contain antioxidant effect of vitamin C, gallic acid, reducing sugars, tannins, etc.

【 sex flavor 】 bitter taste; Gansu; Acid; Sex is cool

[to the] spleen; The stomach

Heat function attending 】 【 swallow; Embellish lung phlegm; Thirst quenching. The main cold fever; Cough; Sore throat. Diphtheria. Vexed hot thirsty; High blood pressure

【 usage and dosage 】 oral: decoct soup, 15 to 30 g; Take juice or some samples.

【 note 】 taste xu han shen clothing

【 compound 】 (1) a cold fever, cough, sore throat, dry polydipsia, vitamin C deficiency: fresh GanZiGuo 10 to 30. Water decoction, forces the commonly used Chinese herbal medicine's handbook (guangzhou) (2) for diphtheria: yunnan olive 1 catty, radix scrophulariae, GanZhuo every one or two. Cold blisters to open up the frost, after the cream cotton paper spread out to dry, plus horsetail gentian powder two money, borneol five points, five money to fry the white nut powder, throat. (3) to treat asthma: yunnan olive 21, first boiled pig lung, froth add olive cooked soup to eat. (4) to treat the puffer fish poisoning: yunnan olive raw juice, and can be cured fish bone infarction. (2) parties under the kunming city folk are used such as herbs)

1. Each paper 】 【 compendium of material medica: tang Lord wind heat.

2. "Ben gleanings" : the main benefit, strong strength. Apply pressure juice and oil head hair, wind to itch, beginning with hair, epigenetic such as paint.

3. The sea medicine material medica: master gas cough.

4. "nanning drug volunteers" : cool and refreshing detoxify, throat polioplus partners.

5. The commonly used Chinese herbal medicine's handbook: guangzhou forces embellish lung phlegm, thirst quenching.

[from] the Chinese material medica