Side of traditional Chinese medicine (72) and blood nerves of jujube

Varieties classification

According to the distinction between

With annual average temperature of 15 degrees commonly isotherm was divided into two ecological south to north jujube and jujube.

According to the size and shape

(1) according to the size is divided into two categories, jujube and thread jujube fruit.

Jujube as spi, fuping jujube, ZanHuang big jujube jujube jujube, ash, etc.

Thread jujube, such as gold silk thread jujube, seedless thread jujube, heart jujube and so on.

(2) combine character of fruit size and shape into six types.

Thread jujube type, such as silk thread jujube, seedless thread jujube, heart jujube, miyun thread jujube, etc;

Long date type, such as lang jujube, pot bottles of jujube, BanZao, jun jujube, ZanHuang jujube, Yang long red, etc.;

Round date type, such as ZanHuang jujube, round bell dates, slow DE yuan yuan jujube, etc.;

Steps of oblate type, such as, red jujube, etc.;

Constriction dates, such as milk jujube jujube jujube, gourd, a millstone, etc.;

Calyx purplish, such as persimmon are various jujube, jujube, etc.

Classification according to the use

This is one of the most commonly used classification methods:

1) dried varieties. Characteristic is, flesh thick, less juice, sugar and dried rate are high, such as gold silk thread jujube, JiShan BanZao, ZanHuang jujube, shiva jujube, spi jujube, jujube, jujube, etc.

(2) the table. Is characterized by thin skin, tender crisp succulent, and the juice taste sweet. Such as winter date, near Yi LiZao, the great bell, honey pot, etc.

(3) combination. Table also can be dried or processing glazed date etc. Product. Such as singing mountain jujube, jun jujube jujube, ash, jin jujube, pot of jujube, BanZao, etc.

(4) jujube varieties. Characterized by fruit large, neat, flesh thick pine, less juice, thin skin, low sugar content, cell cavity is bigger, easy absorption of sugar juice. Such as yiwu jujube, xuancheng pointed (round) dates, Yang long jujube, etc.

Medicinal properties

Jujube - traits oval or globose, 2-3.5 cm long, 1.5 2.5 cm in diameter. Irregular surface is dark red, with a slight sheen, have wrinkles. Base concave, have short stem. Exocarp thin, mesocarp tan or light brown, fleshy, soft, rich sugar and oil. Stone of the fruit fusiform, both ends lancet, qualitative hard. Micro sweet, sweet taste.

Fruit ovoid or oblong, slightly about 2-3.5 cm long, 1.5 2.5 cm in diam. Irregular surface is dark red, with luster, have wrinkles, fruit side have deep concave nest, in a short thin peduncle, there is a small order at the other end. Exocarp thin, mesocarp fleshy, soft, such as the cavernous, yellow brown. Stone of the fruit fusiform, hard, sharp on both ends, the surface dark red. Faint, sweet taste. With color red, flesh thick, full, nuclear small, sweet taste is beautiful.

Most regions of the country have produced, has been in xinjiang, shanxi, hebei, henan, shandong, sichuan, guizhou and other places.

Due to the difference of processing jujube, jujube, black. Medicine in general is given priority to with red jujube.

Herbs to identify

Take this product powder 2 g, and petroleum ether (60 ~ 90 ℃) 10 ml soak for 10 minutes, ultrasonic processing of about 10 minutes, filtration, abandon to petroleum ether liquid, liquid to dry, ether 20 ml, soak for 1 hour, about 15 minutes, ultrasonic processing filtration, the filtrate concentrated to 2 ml, greatly as the solution. Even up another pier fruit acid reference substance, add ethanol made from each 1 ml solution containing 1 mg, as a reference substance solution. According to thin layer chromatography (appendix Ⅵ B) test, learn 10 mu of test sample solution 3 mu l, l, reference substance solution points respectively in the same silica G thin layer plate, toluene, ethyl acetate - glacial acetic acid (14:4:0. 5) as developing agent, and taken out, dry spray with 10% ethanol solution of sulfuric acid heated to spot color is clear. In the chromatogram of the test, with the reference substance chromatography corresponding position, the same color spots.

Sexual flavour to the

Fruit: sweet, warm. Belongs to the spleen and stomach.

Bark: bitter, astringent, temperature.

Root: sweet, warm.

Function of the attending

Fruit (jujube) : fill in yiqi, keep blood nerves. Used for pixu (spleen deficient) food less, weak loose stools, woman dirty mania.

Bark: antiphlogistic, hemostatic, antidiarrheal. Used for bronchitis, enteritis, diarrhea, ren; Topical treat traumatic bleeding.

Root: qi, activating blood, regulate the menstrual function. Used to menstruation to be not moved, red collapse, leucorrhea.

(1) "the classics", "main confidant pathogens, Ann in the spleen, help twelve. Flat stomach gas, nine qiao, less gas, less fluid, in the body, frightened, limbs, and best medicine."

(2) the huang notes: "evil spirit aconitum poisoned."

(3) "don't record", "fill in yiqi, powerful, in addition to boredom, cure heart hanging, im Pi a flasher."

(4) the medicine is good for ":" kill male poison, lateral root of aconite day."

5. Meng agreeable freedom: "the Lord to fill fluid, washing confidant pathogens, and best medicine poison, nine qiao, not enough gas, cook to eat the intestines and stomach, fat in yiqi first, infantile autumn flow field, and jujube insect food, good."

6 compendium of material medica: set the son "embellish lung, rinse. Fill five zang-organs, virtual strain, in addition to the intestines and stomach tinea gas."

7 "pearl capsule" : "warm stomach."

Today li Gao: "for tonifying spleen via the insufficiency, unwilling to slow Yin blood, and Yin and Yang, the camp who, fluid." Jujube (5)

Pet-name ruby "drug, meaning" : "yangxue liver."

Attending "new materia medica", "fill in yiqi, zi kidney warm stomach, Yin deficiency."

⑾ "Chinese medicine plant map", "to treat allergic purple spot disease, anemia and high blood pressure."

⑿ the: "new materia medica" nine qiao, and medicine, lung and stomach, yiqi, embellish lung, thirst, and help the classics, five zang-organs. But in the full heat disease diet, tooth ache and wind disease taste. Is the product of the harmonic, the benefit of taste. "the classics" its fill, also because of its harmonic also."

Usage.

Results: 6 ~ 15 g. Bark, root, 10 ~ 15 g.

heat

Unit of measure heat (edible part of heat)

1 date (fresh) (15.0 grams, edible part 13.0 g) 16 calories [3]

3 date (fresh) (60.0 grams, edible part 52.0 g) 64 calories

Five jujube (fresh) (100.0 grams, edible part 87.0 g) 106 calories

1 date (dry) (10.0 grams, edible part 8.0 g) 21 calories

Standard (100 g)

Every 100 grams of fresh jujube in the heat of 122 kcal, every 100 grams of dried dates of 264 calories, about two-thirds of fresh jujube in the water, the other is mainly carbohydrate, high heat in fruit.

Storage conditions

Dry place, moth-proofing.

excerpts

"Chinese pharmacopoeia", "national assembly of Chinese herbal medicine"

jujube

(" the sutra)

Collection and processing

The autumn harvest fruit mature. Jian net impurities, dry. Or drying to the skin soft, dry again. Or use boiled a first roll, make the soft pulp and skin does not shrink in the salvage, dry. To remove impurities, rinse and dry. It break or go nuclear.

taboo

Do: stomach empty food less, loose stool pixu (spleen deficient), qi and blood deficiency, malnutrition, flustered insomnia, neurasthenia, hysteria, women anemia, dizziness, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia appropriate food; Chronic liver cirrhosis is appropriate food; Cardiovascular disease in patients with appropriate food; Appropriate food allergic disease patients, including allergic purpura, bronchial asthma, urticaria, allergic rhinitis, atopic eczema, allergic vasculitis, etc., can adjust the immune function disorder; All sorts of cancer patients should be food, especially food patients with tumor radiotherapy, chemotherapy and bone marrow suppression of adverse reactions.

Don't: sheng phlegm turbidity, abdomen bilges full, thick greasy coating on the tongue, obese patients avoid feed more often feed; Hot and humid in acute hepatitis sheng diet; Infantile malnutrition and parasitic diseases Son diet; Tooth disease also avoid pain. Don't feed more diabetes patients.

"Chinese pharmacopoeia" : jujube

Jujube medicine name 】 【

[images] jujube jujube

"Pinyin" Da Z m: o

【 origin 】 this product is a rat lee branch plants of the genus jujube jujube Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Var. Inermis (Bunge) Rehd. The dried ripe fruit. The autumn harvest when ripe, drying. The roots and bark is also used as a medicine, can at any time.

【 description 】 【 oval or globose, 2-3.5 cm long, 1.5 2.5 cm in diameter. Irregular surface is dark red, with a slight sheen, have wrinkles. Base concave, have short stem. Exocarp thin, mesocarp tan or light brown, fleshy, soft, rich sugar and oil. Stone of the fruit fusiform, both ends lancet, qualitative hard. Micro sweet, sweet taste.

[identify] take this product powder 2 g, and petroleum ether (60 ~ 90 ℃) 10 ml soak for 10 minutes, ultrasonic processing of about 10 minutes, filtration, abandon to petroleum ether liquid, liquid to dry, ether 20 ml, soak for 1 hour, about 15 minutes, ultrasonic processing filtration, the filtrate concentrated to 2 ml, greatly as the solution. Even up another pier fruit acid reference substance, add ethanol made from each 1 ml solution containing 1 mg, as a reference substance solution. According to thin layer chromatography (appendix Ⅵ B) test, learn 10 mu of test sample solution 3 mu l, l, reference substance solution points respectively in the same silica G thin layer plate, toluene, ethyl acetate - glacial acetic acid (14:4:0. 5) as developing agent, and taken out, dry spray with 10% ethanol solution of sulfuric acid heated to spot color is clear. In the chromatogram of the test, with the reference substance chromatography corresponding position, the same color spots.

[up] to remove impurities, rinse and dry. It break or go nuclear.

Gump, sexual flavour 】 【 temperature.

"To the" belongs to the spleen, stomach.

Fruit (jujube) : functional attending 】 【 fill in yiqi, keep blood nerves. Used for pixu (spleen deficient) food less, weak loose stools, woman dirty mania.

Bark: antiphlogistic, hemostatic, antidiarrheal. Used for bronchitis, enteritis, diarrhea, ren; Topical treat traumatic bleeding.

Root: qi, activating blood, regulate the menstrual function. Used to menstruation to be not moved, red collapse, leucorrhea.

【 usage and dosage 】 6 ~ 15 g.

【 storage 】 dry place, moth-proofing.

【 from 】 "Chinese pharmacopoeia"

The national assembly of Chinese herbal medicine: jujube

Jujube medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Da Z m: o

"Alias" jujube, jujube and jujube

【 origin 】 jujube Ziziphus jujuba Mill. Var. Inermis (Bunge) Rehd. The dried ripe fruit, its roots, bark, also used as a medicine. The autumn harvest when ripe, drying. The roots, bark, recoverable at any time.

Fruit: sexual flavour 】 【 gan, wen.

Bark: bitter, astringent, temperature.

Root: sweet, warm.

Fruit (jujube) function attending 】 【 : tonifying spleen yiqi, yangxin nerves. Used for pixu (spleen deficient) diarrhea, palpitation, insomnia, night sweats, thrombocytopenic purpura.

Bark: antiphlogistic, hemostatic, antidiarrheal. Used for bronchitis, enteritis, diarrhea, ren; Topical treat traumatic bleeding.

Root: qi, activating blood, regulate the menstrual function. Used to menstruation to be not moved, red collapse, leucorrhea.

【 usage and dosage 】 fruit, bark, roots are 2 ~ 3 money. Made Chinese jujube jujube skin after extraction, tablet and take 1 ~ 2 tablets each time, 2 times daily.

The "national assembly of Chinese herbal medicine" [from]

The Chinese medicine dictionary: jujube

Jujube medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Da Z m: o

"Alias" dried dates, jujube, jujube (" don't record "), red (" introduction to medicine ").

【 origin 】 this sutra"

【 origin 】 jujube mature fruit of rat lee branch plants. The autumn harvest fruit mature. Jian net impurities, dry. Or drying to the skin soft, dry again. Or use boiled a first roll, make the soft pulp and skin does not shrink in the salvage, dry.

【 】 the original form jujube (the book of songs), also known as: jujube.

Deciduous shrubs or small trees, up to 10 m tall. Branches glabrous, smooth with pairs of acupuncture, straight stretch or hook song, branches delicate and overgrown, seemingly pinnate. Into "of" glyph twists and turns. Leaves alternate; Few ovoid to ovoid lanceolate, ovate, 2 ~ 6 cm long, apex short and obtuse, base askew, margin finely serrate, 3 main vein from base, lateral veins obvious. Flowers small, short cyme, cluster in axillary, yellow-green; Calyx 5-lobed, upper petal shaped, lower into tubular, green; Petals 5, Stamens 5, opposite to petals; Ovary 2 room, styles highlighted in his central, apex 2 crack, drupe ovoid to oblong, 1.5 ~ 5 cm long, deep crimson, fruit sweet meaty, nuclear sharp, pointed at both ends. Flowering time 4 ~ 5 months. Fruiting 7 ~ 9 months.

More commonly habitat division 】 【 for cultivation. Distribution throughout the country. Most regions of the country have produced, agriculture in hebei, henan, shandong, sichuan, guizhou and other places.

【 description 】 fruits were slightly ovoid or oblong, 2-3.5 cm long, 1.5 2.5 cm in diam. Irregular surface is dark red, with luster, have wrinkles, fruit side have deep concave nest, in a short thin peduncle, there is a small order at the other end. Exocarp thin, mesocarp fleshy, soft, such as the cavernous, yellow brown. Stone of the fruit fusiform, hard, sharp on both ends, the surface dark red. Faint, sweet taste. With color red, flesh thick, full, nuclear small, sweet taste is beautiful.

Contain chemical composition 】 【 jujube saponins Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ (ziziphussaponin Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ), zizyphus jujube RenZao glucoside (jujuboside B) B, stephania light alkali (stepharine), glucose, fructose, sucrose, adenosine cyclophosphate (cAMP), ring phosphorus glycosides (cGMP), etc.

Gump, sexual flavour 】 【 temperature.

(1) "the classics", "gan, ping."

(2) the daughter eat governance ":" flavour GanXin, hot, non-toxic.

(3) meng agreeable freedom: "warm."

"To the" into the spleen, the stomach.

(1) "of materia medica" : "spleen blood points."

(2) "huang shu" : "into the full moon, Yang Ming."

Attending 【 function 】 tonifying spleen and stomach, yiqi fluid, the camp who, antidote to the poison. Cure the stomach empty food less, spleen weak loose stool, lack of qi-blood, camp guard, palpitations palpitation. The woman spoils.

(1) "the classics", "main confidant pathogens, Ann in the spleen, help twelve. Flat stomach gas, nine qiao, less gas, less fluid, in the body, frightened, limbs, and best medicine."

(2) the huang notes: "evil spirit aconitum poisoned."

(3) "don't record", "fill in yiqi, powerful, in addition to boredom, cure heart hanging, im Pi a flasher."

(4) the medicine is good for ":" kill male poison, lateral root of aconite day."

5. Meng agreeable freedom: "the Lord to fill fluid, washing confidant pathogens, and best medicine poison, nine qiao, not enough gas, cook to eat the intestines and stomach, fat in yiqi first, infantile autumn flow field, and jujube insect food, good."

6 compendium of material medica: set the son "embellish lung, rinse. Fill five zang-organs, virtual strain, in addition to the intestines and stomach tinea gas."

7 "pearl capsule" : "warm stomach."

Today li Gao: "for tonifying spleen via the insufficiency, unwilling to slow Yin blood, and Yin and Yang, the camp who, fluid."

Pet-name ruby "drug, meaning" : "yangxue liver."

Attending "new materia medica", "fill in yiqi, zi kidney warm stomach, Yin deficiency."

⑾ "Chinese medicine plant map", "to treat allergic purple spot disease, anemia and high blood pressure."

【 usage and dosage 】 oral: decoct soup, 3 ~ 6 money; Pills or mash. External use: Fried washed or burn deposit at the end of the study apply.

【 note 】 every wet phlegm and stagnant, tooth disease, insect disease, are incompatible.

(1) introduction to medicine ":" the new heart, filled with vomiting of cream. Feed more wind, spleen diseases against the attack."

(2) the huang sh ":" unfavorable feed, infantile malnutrition disease with phlegm fever unfavorable eat."

(3) "Ben hui said:" stomach gas, closed hatched from abdominal pain and all the insect for the sick, salty cream."

Spectrum (4) the pith of breath in the diet ":" feed more bloated drain hot thirsty, the least profit. All children, postpartum and warm, wet heat disease before and after, jaundice, swelling, and avoid it."

【 compound 】 (1) taste raw, eating less, long as diarrhea, the valley is not: atractylodes four two, two two dried ginger. Chicken's gizzard-membrane, two second half jins jujube meat. Four flavor prescription, atractylodes, chicken's gizzard-membrane, all with the living, every taste their rolling thin, roasting, then dried ginger rolling thin, republican jujube meat, with dao, such as mud, as a small cake, on a charcoal fire main stem, hollow, and small bites of pharynx. (the medical applications and west recorded "benefit spleen cake)

(2) to treat nausea vomiting food: jujube a (nuclear), tiger beetle one (to head wings) in feed heat, to distract their mind, hollow food, clear soup. (" of materia medica ")

(3) fill gas, big jujube has ten south, steamed soft to go nuclear, with ginseng money, cloth, hide in the rice cooker steaming rotten, doing well for the pill, such as marbles, control store. (wake garden record date ginseng pills)

(4) to treat stroke panic nervous, limbs heavy: jujube seven (pitted), qing liang millet composite. On two flavor for three and a half litres of water to boil jujube take a liter and a half, go to the chamber, the rice cooked porridge to eat. Total record "(the holy dhi relatively big jujube congee)

(5) to treat the woman dirty mania, like sadness, want to cry, a few snaps: jujube has ten, licorice three two, one litre of wheat. On the three to six litres of water, boil three litres, wen three suits. (synopsis of gansu wheat jujube soup)

6. Your cough: almond one hundred and twenty (peeling, boil), fish in one hundred (boil dry), dried dates forty (nuclear). On the three sets of dao, such as mud, pills, such as apricot, pharynx to do. Day seven, octave, and more. (jar is agreeable freedom will effect the)

All landowners treat suspended drink: yuanhua (ao), euphorbia kansui, spurge all equal. Na dao on screen to a litre of water five close, make fat big jujube has ten, take eight, to slag, at the end of the medicine, take one money Bi strongman, this one suit Bi money, take the daily temperature, nobody, more half the money tomorrow. Fast after the mi porridge autotrophic. (synopsis of ten jujube soup)

Was put to consumptive boredom may not sleep: jujube 20, worship seven stems. Second, with three litres of water, boil a liter, to chamber. (the daughter)

Pet-name ruby lung carbuncle vomiting blood and cure folly: red jujube (and nuclear burning deposit), best medicine decoction (calcined) all equal. Take two money, is the end of the fine, each rice water transfer. (" three for "grey powder)

Attending for single nasty heartache: ebony, two dates, almonds, seven. A dao, male and female wine vinegar to send. (" sea ")

⑾ not cure thrombocytopenic purple scar: red jujube, eat three times a day, each 10, only until violet scar all faded. Usually takes about each red date one or two jins. (the Shanghai traditional Chinese medicine (4) : 22196. 2)

⑿ for cook's YaGan: date (go nuclear, the arsenic sublimate, burning), cortex phellodendri. As at the end of the affected area. (" sea ")

[13] the cure sore for a long time not Chai: jujube paste three litres, three measures, water boiled in a bucket and a half, take more number of washing. (the daughter ""

[14] the wind along the black eye cure: big black twenty (pitted), five points at the end of the alum, beaten and jujube meat paste, wet paper, fire simmering within an hour, take out, go to the paper, two bowls of water, the jujube paste Fried soup, to slag, the eye will soup. (" Ben hui said "eye)

【 clinical application 】 (1) to prevent transfusion reaction

15 ~ 30 minutes take red jujube soup before blood transfusion (red jujube 20, belvedere fruit, fry herba schizonepetae 3 money). According to 46 m observation, no responders accounts for about two-thirds, and rarely Ⅲ ° reaction. But failed to prevent the hormone cases, red jujube soup also invalid.

(2) reduce the serum Alt levels For patients with acute or chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis patients with higher serum transaminase vigor, every night before going to bed take red jujube peanut soup (1 two red dates, peanuts, sugar, Fried peanuts, first add red rock sugar) after 1 agent, 30 days for a period of treatment, observation of 12 cases were effective. But for merger biliary infection, rheumatism activity myocarditis patients, should be combined with eczema, or wind to wet.

【 note 】 due to the difference of processing jujube, jujube, black. Medicine in general is given priority to with red jujube.

[from] the Chinese medicine dictionary

"The Chinese material medica: jujube

Jujube medicine name 】 【

"Pinyin" Da Z m: o

[English] Chinese Date, Jujube

"Alias" honey pot, wood, dry jujube, jujube, jujube, jujube, dry red jujube, and glue, south jujube jujube, Bai Pu jujube jujube, jujube, officer.

【 origin 】 from the cold-induced febride

【 origin 】 medicinal material base source: jujube fruit of rat lee branch plants.

Latin animal plant mineral name: Ziziphus jujuba Mill.

Harvesting and storage: autumn harvest when ripe, generally increases with the increasing mining, bask in. Choose dry land step-stone XiBo on the shop, the jujube grading stand on XiBo drying, respectively, when the water content of jujube drop to below 15% and foil, then every few days unravel ventilation, when the water content of jujube is down to 10%, can be stored. Jujube fruit peel thin, contained more water, USES the air-dried method, dry. Can choose suitable varieties, processed into black.

【 】 the original form jujube deciduous shrubs or small trees, up to 10 m. Have long branch, long short branches and branches, smooth, glabrous, slightly in the shape of the bending branches slender, purplish red or grayish brown, with two stipule thorn, thorns up to 3 cm, stout, short spines curved, 4-6 mm long; Short short branches, oblong-elliptic, since LaoZhi issue; Born that year branchlets green, drooping, solitary or 2-7 clusters on short branches. Leaves simple, alternate, paper, petiole 1-6 mm, long branches can be up to 1 cm; Leaf blade ovate, elliptic, oval 3-7 cm long and 2-4 cm wide, apex obtuse or rounded, with a small point, base slightly oblique, suborbicular, margin finely serrate, dark green, glabrous, beneath the pale green, glabrous or along veins puberulous; Base three out of the pulse. Green, the flower bisexual, usually 2-8 Doyle was born in axillary into a cyme; Calyx 5-lobed, lobes triangular oval; Petals 5, ovoid, base clawed. Stamens 5, opposite to petals, born in his edge; His thick, fleshy, round, 5-lobed; Ovary 2 room. And faceplate connation, styles 2 and a half. Drupe oblong or ovoid, 2-3.5 cm long, 1.5 2 cm in diameter, red when mature, after the red purple, mesocarp fleshy, thick, taste sweet, nuclear sharp, pointed at both ends. Seeds flat oval, about 1 cm long. Flowering in July 5 -, fruiting August - September.

Ecological environment habitat division 】 【 : born in an altitude of 1700 m below the mountains, hills and plains, widely cultivated throughout the country, there are a lot of varieties.

Resource distribution: native to China, Asia, Europe, and America often grow now.

"Culture" biological characteristics Like cold, dry climate, cold resistant and drought tolerant, very bright light, salinity tolerance, ability to 31.3 ℃ low temperature, also can do the high temperature of 39.3 ℃. Sunny dry slopes, plains, hills, wasteland and roadside planting, to ground or sandy loam most appropriate cultivation, not suitable for low-lying waterlogged land.

Cultivation techniques With seeds, plant breeding and grafting. Seed: spring sowing the seeds of hidden processing must be approved by sand, sowing after thawing, autumn sowing in mid to late October. According to the row spacing 33 cm furrowing, 7-10 cm deep. Every 7 to 10 cm 1 seed, 2-3 cm, turns the soil water moisture. In plant breeding: will send a hydraulic-powered tree-trimmers' buckets to the roots of the old plant roots planted. Grafting of jujube tree grows faster, less, the result earlier. More in zizyphus jujube, for stock, by grafting, grafting, subcutaneous, smokes, etc. Seedling can colonize 1 to 2 years, before can germinate in the spring and autumn leaves, after in sloping fields planting, should scale-hole, small field, level terraced fields, planting distance is 3 m x 3 m; Gentle slope land planting distance 5 m by 4 m or 6 m x 5 m. Engraftment of hole diameter of 80-80 cm, each hole soil manure 25 to 50 kg, engraftment immediately after irrigation.

Field management In MengDongQi, lamina and budding period shall after irrigation, general winter and spring basal dressing (such as compost, manure, bone meal, etc.), before the flowering of a 0.5 1 kg ammonium sulfate, calcium superphosphate, the machine is suitable for weed control. Young jujube with dwarf crops such as peanuts, beans, sweet potato intercropping.

Prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests Early disease have a disease, the feeling is lighter plants, increasing organic fertilizer application, found that the strain out immediately, severe trees should also be invisible, the roots and all burned. Insect pests have step (jujube inchworm), small peach budworm, jujube armyworm, thorn moth (spicy), jujube leaf ticks, etc. In addition to disease and insect resistance breeding, but also can use scraping bark, plugging tree holes, sieve chrysalis, removal of zaoyuan weed and insect and fall leaves, fruit, etc. For jujube leaf ticks 3-5 baume degree before germination lime sulfur mixture.

[properties] identification Fruit elliptic or globose, 2-3.5 cm long, 1.5 2.5 cm in diameter. Irregular surface is dark red, with a slight sheen, have wrinkles. Base concave, have short peduncle. Exocarp thin, mesocarp tan or light brown, fleshy, soft, rich sugar and oil. Stone of the fruit fusiform, both ends lancet, qualitative hard. Micro sweet, sweet taste.

Microscopic identification Jujube fruit transverse section: epicarp most outside for 1 column epidermal cells, cell full of palm red material with grain; Outside is 5-7.5 microns thick cuticle; Collenchyma cells inside for 4 to 6 layer, containing colorless translucent briquette. Mesocarp consists of class round parenchyma cells, cell gap is big, irregular hash to small vascular bundles; Parenchyma cells containing granular briquette and calcium oxalate crystal Fang Jing and family.

1. Chemical composition 】 【 jujube fruit containing alkaloids: light stephania alkali (stephar - fine), N - alkali (N - nornuciferine) to methyl lotus leaf, shiva alkali (asmilobine).

And terpene acids compounds: birch fat keto acid (betulonic acid), oleanolic acid (oleanoic acid), masri acid (maslinic acid) is hawthorn acid (cratagolicacid), 3 - O - of trans - coumaric acid acyl al-masri (3 - O - trans - p - coumaroyl - maslinic acid), 3 - O - cis of coumaric acid acyl al-masri (3 - O - cis - p - coumaroyl - maslinic acid), birch fatty acid (betulinic acid), wheat beads acid (alphitolic acid), 3 - O - trans of coumaric acid acyl wheat beads (3 - O - trans - p - coumaroyl alphi - tolic acid), 3 - O - of cis - coumaric acid acyl wheat beads (3 - O - cis - p - coumaroylal - phitolic acid). Also contain soap type compounds: jujube soap type (zizyphus saponin) Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and zizyphus jujube saponins (jujuboside B). The closed loop adenosine phosphate (cyclic adenosine 3 ', 5 '- monophasphate cAMP) and ring bird glucoside phosphate (cyclic guanosine 3', 5 '- monophosphate, cGMP). Again, the water-soluble extract of the fruit contains fructose (fructose), glucose (glucose), sugar (sucrose), fructose and glucose oligosaccharides and a small amount of araban and galacturonic acid formation; Fruit contains the main fatty acids were oleic acid (oleic acid), sterol have the effect of sitosterol sitosterol, stigmasterol sterol (stigmasterol) and a small amount of chain (desmosterol), also in pulp contains rutin (rutin), content can be up to 3, 385 mg / 100 g, 540-972 mg of vitamin C / 100 g and riboflavin (ri - boflavine), thiamine (thiamine), beta carotene (carotene), niacin, nicotinic acid), etc. And contain tannins (U.S.), sweet bean essence derivatives (coumarin deriva - tives), lipid classes (lipids), resin (resins), malic acid (malic acid) and so on.

Seeds contain glucoside acid jujube RenZao A, B, B1. And without containing vermis, acetate (indole acetic acid). Jujube also contain lysine (lysine), aspartic acid (aspartic acid), asparagine (asparagine), glycine (glycine), glutamic acid (glutamic acid), alanine (alanine), proline (proline), valine, valine, leucine (leucine) such as amino acids and 36 kinds of trace elements, including selenium.

2. No thorn jujube fruit contain glucoside compounds: stingless jujube benzyl glucoside (zizybeoside) Ⅰ and Ⅱ stingless jujube vomiting glycol glycoside (zizyvoside) Ⅰ and Ⅱ, periwinkle glucoside (roseoside). Also contain alkaloid components: zizyphus jujube base (zizyphusin), stingless jujube base (daechu - alkaloid). A, lotus leaf alkali (nuciferine), hengchow radix linderae alkali (co - claurine), the original lotus leaf alkali (nornuciferine), alocasia alkali (lysicamine). Cyclic peptide compounds: stingless jujube cyclic peptide 1 (daechucy - clopeptide - 1), no date for (daechuine) S3, etc. Also contain vomiting Laura fu wood alcohol (vomifliol), 6, 8-2-2 - C - glucose (S) - pomelo peel element [6, 8 - di - C - gluco - syl - 2 (S) - naringenin], 6, 8 glucose base - 2-2 - C - (R) - the outermost layer of skin pigment [6, 8 - di - C - glucosyl - 2 (R) - naringenin, acid (palmitoseic acid), 11-18 carbon olefine acid (vaccenic acid), oleic acid (oleic acid) and adenosine phosphate, stingless jujube araban (zizyphus - arabinan), glycolipids (glycolipid), phospholipid (phospholipid), etc.

[pharmacological action] 1. The antitumor effect of 1.1 N - methyl - N - nitro - N - nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) induced rat glandular stomach cancer inhibition of purified Wistrar rats, weight 80-120 - g, male female combination. Randomized group I (control group), 18, only to tap water and ordinary dry piece of feed. Ⅱ group (MNNG), 18, free intake MNNG100ug/ml for 10 mo, then change to feed water. For ordinary dry piece of feed. Ⅲ group (MNNG and jujube), 16, only give MNNG100ug/ml to jujube (dried fruit) at the same time, every day about 1 g, mo15 drug withdrawal. Other same Ⅱ group. Group (after MNNG7mo jujube) 125, only to MNNG100ug/m17mo until more dates to 15 months after the last month. Other same Ⅲ group. Will die or the place of the dead, leave the stomach and duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, liver, lymph nodes and lungs and other organs. Stomach generally cut along the greater curvature, take 0, 3-0, 4 cm three organizations, fixed in alcohol and formaldehyde solution, biopsy, H.E staining. To the naked eye and the microscopic observation morphological changes and the incidence of gastric carcinoma. Rats treated with MNNG100ug/ml and even feed Du 15 mo to jujube Ⅱ group the incidence of gastric cancer was 15.4 (2/13), the incidence of malignant tumor in gastrointestinal tract was 38.4% (5/13); MNNG100ug/ml treatment in rats after 7 mo, eight mo to jujube Ⅳ group the incidence of gastric carcinoma was 21.7% (5/23), the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer overall was 34.8% (8/23), and Ⅱ group (MNNG) the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer, compared to 71.14% (10/14) (P < 0.05) significant sex differences. Illustrate with MNNG rats after processing, feed the jujube as Chinese medicine has the effect that reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal tract malignant tumor.

1.2 on sarcoma 180 proliferation inhibition Triterpene compounds from jujube separation further isolate free type, the activity of ester betulinic acid, hawthorn acid, continuous dosing 7 d (25 mg/day), for a 5-35% sarcoma 180 proliferation inhibition effect, in particular, hawthorn acid, continuous dosing 14, with 61% inhibition effect, more than 5 a Fu stronger inhibition rate.

2.1-2. The role of Ⅰ type of allergy against IgE stimulation caused by PBLS basophilic cells release leukotriene (LTD4) inhibitory effect Jujube 10 g, heat water, 100 ml extract, jujube extract. Hubscher method from isolated basophilic white blood cells in the blood. In vitro with Lichteinstein and Osler two-step method, with 2 d - 2 / ml against IgE antibody nitrogen stimulation, in the second step to join 1:10 dilution of jujube extract. LTD4 determination by Samuelsson method. Result shows, peripheral sensitization to basophilic cells in without any stimulation, LTD4 rarely (spontaneous release), and nitrogen in 2 d - 2 antibody/ml against IgE stimulates the release of the visible when LTD4. In the second step to join 1:10 dilution jujube extract, the release of LTD4 and spontaneous release of roughly the same. Its mechanism and jujube contains cAMP through white membrane easily and role in the second stage, the release chemical substances to suppress LTD4 release, and inhibit allergy related.

2.2 there are specific inhibition on IgE antibody Jujube ethanol extract of ethyl - a - fructose glucoside (baton rouge? - D - fructofuranoside) 100 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection, the rats of passive skin allergy reaction. The compound is in the ethanol extract and jujube contains generated under the influence of fructose in organic media, can be created with the IgE antibody specificity. For serotonin and histamine have antagonism. Allergy effect and jujube contains is also linked to cAMP, the sample of the material. In addition, there are reports of jujube ester type triterpenoid compound coumaric acid can increase the activity of adjuvants.

3. The other function of 3.1 on the central nervous inhibition Using extended function of sodium thiopental as indicators, found in the jujube benzyl alcohol sugar glucoside, pomelo aglycone (such as sugar glucoside compounds) have significant antihypertensive effect, and confirm the pomelo aglycone (glucoside) can reduce spontaneous movement, stimulate the reflection effect, ankylosing stupor, and have inhibitory effect on central nervous system.

3.2 on body weight and muscle strength Male rats, weight 10-20 g, jujube group, control group each 18. Jujube group every morning with 30% jujube decoction according to the weight of 0.3 ml/kg, control group feed 0.3 ml/kgip, experiments in mice with swallowing rice mixed feed and vegetable breeding 3 wk, a hollow when weighing in the morning, big jujube group average weight gain of 3.0 g, the control group, the average increase of 1.6 g. With swimming test on an empty stomach, at the same time, two groups of animals results jujube group for 3 minutes 50 s, 30 s and the control group for 2 minutes. Evidence of increased body weight, enhance the muscle strength.

3.3 effects on experimental liver disease become rabbit serum albumin Male rabbit 2, only 2 kg weight, with carbon tetrachloride 0, 25 ml/kgip, 1 week after ear vein injection of 1% sodium thiopental to 1 ml/kg, the anesthesia time than normal extended by more than double. Liver function to reduce information of thiopental sodium detoxification, liver minor lesions. And then with 30% jujube decoction, ipl weeks before feeding every morning. Itself compared experimental rabbit serum albumin, the results showed that the total protein in normal % 5, 14 g, 4.6 g % before treatment, after treatment 1 wk4. 90 g %, albumin normal group 3.10%, 2.46 g % before treatment, 3.00 g % 1 week after treatment; Globulin (normal) treatment before 2.23 g 2.04 g % %, treatment of 1.90 g % erros.

[toxic] in Taiwan jujube SpinosaA and B as a hypnotic effect, found toxic effects. In addition to jujube seed the two ingredients in toxicity, other toxicity have not been reported.

[identify] physical and chemical identification Take jujube fruit pieces, with ethanol soak overnight. (1) take the leaching liquid droplets on the filter paper, observed under uv lamp (365 nm), blue fluorescence. (check the coumarin) (2) take 1 ml leaching liquid, add 1 ml, 3% sodium carbonate solution on the water for heating 3-5 min, put the cold, add diazotization reagent, solution is purple. (check the coumarin) (3) take 1 ml leaching liquid, adding hydroxylamine hydrochloride test solution and 10% potassium hydroxide methanol solution to alkaline, on the water bath heating to the reaction completely, cooling, and hydrochloric acid acidification, and add 1% ferric chloride test solution, blending, solution is orange red. (check the coumarin) (4) the right amount of leaching liquid evaporating dish, in the water bath to concentrate on the dry, add dilute hydrochloric acid dissolution, filtration. In three test tubes with 2 ml filtrate, respectively, add 1 drop of potassium iodide, potassium iodide mercury, silicotungstic acid reagent, individual orange, yellow, white precipitate. Alkaloid (check)

[up] net system: to remove impurities; Rinse and dry. Cut cut system: removing impurities to go nuclear

Sexual flavour gan 】; wen

[to the] spleen; The stomach

【 function attending 】 fill taste; Yi qi; Set his mind at to god; The camp who; And medicinal properties. The spleen and stomach weak; Qi deficiency; Eat less loose stools. Languid; Heart palpitations insomnia; The woman dirty disquiet; The camp who don't

【 usage and dosage 】 oral: decoct soup, 9 to 15 g.

【 note 】 every wet phlegm and stagnant, the tooth disease, insect disease, are incompatible. "Introduction to medicine" : the new heart, filled with vomiting of cream. Feed more wind, spleen diseases against attack. "Huang shu" : unfavorable feed, infantile malnutrition disease with phlegm fever unfavorable feed. "Ben hui say:" stomach gas, closed hatched from abdominal pain and all the insect for the sick, salt and cream. The spectrum with interest in the diet: eating with bilge drain hot thirsty, the least profit. All children, postpartum and warm, wet heat the disease before and after the long yellow gangrene, swelling and avoid it.

1. Each paper 】 【 poria cocos guizhi soup of big jujube of licorice, the annotation treatise on febrile diseases ", which AIDS help spleen earth, traces of jujube, with flat kidney. Ten jujube soup, benefit of soil and water.

2. "of materia medica" : "element asked" date for the fruit of the spleen and spleen disease should be food, "treatment and medicine, jujube for spleen menstrual medicine also. If frequency, a cause the damage of tooth, more.

3. "Ben hui say:" shen yue, the drug pleasant embellish cream coagulation, good complement of Yin and Yang, qi and blood, body fluid, venation, jin yu, bone marrow, everything is deficient, no unfavorable. , such as dragon Tan Fang horrified to cure palpitation forgetfulness of trance, volunteers in a coma, spirit kept not, or gas, eating tasteless, members are lazy, muscle is thin, this belongs to the heart, spleen, 2 yuan loss of card, god will put big jujube rule. Assist with dried tangerine or orange peel, adjustable chang chung wan virtual stagnation of phlegm.

4. The drugs the righteousness: the big black, help Yin blood, into the liver kidney, attending consumptive, zi mainland, where the kidney medicine, such as ziyin decrease internal heat, poria cocos bushing soup, soup postpartum men unto blood, spuc pills, pills raise bolus, four gods that are appropriate for the, sexual flavour GanWen, especially the ear can help spleen and nourishing the stomach.

5. "the classics on the original viewpoints in jujube, all is red jujube, from birth to hash table also. Into the tonifying spleen medicine, appropriate USES and date, could take gan yi jin also.

6. "changsha medicine solution" jujube, fill the essence of the lunar, Yang Ming qi, but in addition to dry fluid runfei, raise liver blood and extinguish wind, cure spleen failure damage, the meridians Kou. Its flavor is thick and thick, longer than the blood tonic, and shorter than fill gas. The ginseng of putty, fill gas blood; Jujube putty, blood gas and, based on partial tonifying spleen and nourishing the liver blood. All internal injuries of the liver and spleen disease, soil wood drying, pneumatic blood loss, to this. Published, and is especially adaptable to exogenous cover blood also, open channels and collaterals and discharge RongYu guizhi soup, not to big jujube fill the rong Yin, the khan bleeding, exogenous and internal injuries to yi. Zhongjing stroke so ironic cassia twig is used, fill diarrhea and the method of parallel. Ten, the number of draba nemorosa jujube jujube soup is noted. But typhoid rong WeiYu closed, righteousness in the drain, not drain, ephedra soup without also.

7. "this by hydrophobic card" : two book treatise on febrile disease, the synopsis, with date of 58 square, its wielder with ginger, the eleventh party, DaLv ginger and jujube, and camp guard of principal agent, ginger to advocate defend, jujube in the main, it from 47 square in the 24, guizhi soup abstainer abstainer six small bupleurum soup, laurel wood abstainer seventeen, carries the second how, who are involved in the camp, the gas of the person who camp for evil resistance at outside, to open up, and fear of the fierce, also the ephedra agent added in the case of its too; The gas of the person who camp for evil resistance within, to perfect and da, and may also indicates its fill, add with ginseng agent, to help them. To prevention, its force symmetry, so the score is still of cassia twig, radix bupleuri; Help themselves within, desire and power in optimal, and then outside danone sharp, so the date is better than ginger, the practical QuanYu of ginger, jujube, jujube function, especially so it serves to show the person also. The synopsis, disease has Ben dolphin, a spit pus, waving back, fire, the four disease are from shock. According to the sutra jujube frightened, appropriate is available, without having to use and He Zai? "This solid yan yi," yue in the body than frightened. Not truncated 'deficiencies, in the body, only to' shocked 'word is also. It is not the body of this lack of jujube, will the disease. The meaning only in treatise on febrile disease, less Yang do not spit, spit the nervous and surprised, is therefore, radix bupleuri plus bone oyster soup, especially after the card also; Cassia twig and laurel soup, sweating and burning after needle card also; Poria cocos guizhi soup of big jujube of licorice, sweating after card also; Kwok-bun dolphin decoction syndrome, without the disease, so alone without dates, ReFu "daughter" virtual wind horrified to 23, with date 11, after its useful alone, asarum, notopterygium, moss white skin, silver crumbs, rhubarb, gypsum, sichuan pepper, calamus, prevent, iron essence, ephedra, namely no dates, fruit forward rule of jujube and surprised, but in the reality of the virtual, virtual virtual, will have a real and virtual, it can't, if in the real fact, and what not to say.

8. "this sutra: main confidant pathogens, Ann in the spleen, helps the twelve. Flat stomach gas, nine qiao, less gas, less fluid, in the body is not enough, frightened, limbs, and medicine.

9. "huang notes: aconitum poisoned.

10. "don't record" : fill in yiqi, powerful, in addition to boredom, cure heart hanging, im a flasher.

11. The medicine is good for ": kill, the poison of lateral root of aconite.

12. Meng agreeable freedom: master fill fluid, washing confidant pathogens, and toxicity, nine qiao, not enough gas, cook to eat the intestines and stomach, yiqi first, in infantile autumn flow field, and jujube insect food, good.

13. Compendium of material medica: set the son embellish lung, rinse. Five zang-organs, virtual strain, in addition to the fetish of intestines and stomach gas.

14. The pearl sac: warm the stomach.

15. Li Gao: for tonifying spleen via the insufficiency, unwilling to slow Yin blood, and Yin and Yang, the camp who, fluid.

16. The pharmaceutical chemical righteousness ": yangxue liver.

17. "new materia medica" : fill in yiqi, zi kidney warm stomach, Yin deficiency.

18. "Chinese medicine plant map" : to treat allergic purple spot disease, anemia and high blood pressure.

[from] the Chinese material medica