Side of Chinese traditional medicine wet whets the appetite of amomum villosum (82)

Zingiberaceae full fruit of perennial herbaceous plants or seeds, or dry powder, scientific name Elettaria cardamomum.

Used as a spice, slightly spicy, taste like camphor. In the east is food condiment, especially curry food seasoning. In Scandinavia, commonly used in food seasoning.

Also known as cardamom, perennial herbs.

Rhizome stout, palm red. Needle-like leaves two columns, blade is long and narrow, leaf sheath with brownish yellow villous. Spike from stem base.

Significant elongation, sparsely flower arrangement, corolla white. Fruit long frame rounded, fruit quality, and the toughening, not easy craze. Seeds 3 disc, each valve 5 ~ 9 seed, seed smell fragrant and fierce.

Plant forms

Plants 1.5 3 meters high, stem powder; Rhizomes prostrate on the ground, the festival was brown membranous scales. Central leaf blade long lanceolate, 37 cm long, 7 cm wide, upper leaf blade linear, 25 cm long, 3 cm wide, at the top of the tail, base subrounded, two sides smooth, glabrous, sessile or nearly sessile; Ligule semicircle, 3-5 mm long; On the leaf sheath slightly sunken square shape checker. Spica elliptic, peduncles 4 to 8 cm long, was short brown hairs; Scales membranous, elliptic, brown or green; Bracts lanceolate, 1.8 mm long, wide 0.5 mm, membranous; Bracteole tubular, 10 mm long, there is a bevel side, membranous, glabrous; Calyx tube length 1.7 cm, apex with three shallow teeth, white, base sparsely pilose; Corolla 1.8 cm length; Lobes oval oblong, 1.6 2 cm long, 0.5 0.7 cm wide, white; Lip circular spoon, width is about 1.6 2 cm, white, apex with 2 crack, the volume, the little yellow point, midrib raised, yellow and purple, basal callus of two purple spots, concave; Filaments 5-6 mm long, anthers ca. 6 mm long; Connectivum appendage trifid, apical lobes semicircular, 3 mm high, ca. 4 mm wide, two ear shape, about 2 mm wide; Two glands, cylindrical, 3.5 mm long; White pilose on the ovary. Capsule oblong, 1.5 2 cm long, 1.2 2 cm wide, purple when mature, dry brown, surface is not split or divided soft spines; Seeds polygon, have full-bodied aroma, taste bitter cold. Flowering: 5-6 months; Fruiting: August - September.

Medicinal value

Drug name amomum villosum

Chinese pinyin: sha ren

English name:

Villous Amomrum Fruit, Cocklebur - like Amomum Fruit, the Fruit of Villous Amomum

Sexual flavour, taste, temperature.

Through: for the spleen, stomach, kidney meridian.

Function: wet appetizing, wenpi antidiarrheal, facilitating fetus.

Indications: used in the wet muddy, often new not hunger, taste xu han, vomiting, diarrhea, pregnancy evil resistance, quickening.

Usage and dosage: 3 ~ 6 grams, into the appropriate decoction after next.

The ecological environment: in valley forests, damp ground.

Medicinal material base source: for zingiberaceae plants adhering sand, green sand shell or sand dry ripe fruit of hainan.

Drug use avoid is appropriate

1. Do not taken Yin has a fever.

2. The sea medicine material medica: "myrobalan, turtle shell, nutmeg. Bai Wu Ti etc. Good."

3. "huang shu" : "whoever abdominal pain is a fire, diarrhea to heat, quickening due to blood heat, sore throat inflammation due to fire, children proctoptosis due to qi deficiency, due to the hot and humid, swollen with forced air cough due to fire in the lung injury and not because of the cold, all must explore and identify, it is difficult to use."

4. The pharmaceutical chemical righteousness ", "lung has avoid is the v fire."

5. Material medica: "must match" deficiency of lung with disabled."

6. Oral, I have an allergic reaction.

Common choice

And stomach qi, eliminating lodge, abdominal pain, quick diaphragm, the spleen, aloes, one or two, amomum villosum, radix linderae, the second two, net attached four, licorice root (main) the 122 money. Except the aloes on fire, however, more than four flavor file roasting, still with aloes research is the end of the fine. Each take one money, with warm salt soup without getting suit, or hollow burning salt soup is also good, Perilla, jujube soup especially good. (live young heart book sand drink)

2. The food and, stop the heart abdominal pain: amomum villosum fry research, bag, soaked wine drink boiled. (" of materia medica "suo sand wine)

3. Nitrogen midriff bulge: cure amomum villosum dolly, soaked in carrot juice, baked for the late. Take one or two each money, food, boil

Soup, (simple unilateral)

4. Hong qi deficiency is swollen, gather phlegm retention, the spleen and stomach, variable gave birth to the disease: a money, ginseng extracted by two money, poria cocos two money, licorice seven points, dried tangerine or orange peel, eight pinellia a money, amomum villosum, eight costus seven points and two money ginger. The water decoction. (the theory of ancient and modern doctors party amomum 6 gentleman soup)

5. Treat pregnancy stomach empty reversed flow of qi, vomiting don't eat: how much amomum villosum informality. Is the end of the fine. Take two each, money into natural juice with a little ginger, boil soup point, any time. (dhi raw party shrinkage sand powder)

6. The cold flow field can't help sliding down, falsely win: shrinkage amomum villosum, gun () at the end of the lateral root of aconite, dried ginger, magnolia bark, Chen of orange peel etc. For the pill. Day two, take four pills. (" medicinal theory ")

7. Pregnancy woman, accidentally touch because, or high falling injury, uneasy to quickened, stomach pain cannot ninja: sand regardless of how many. Slow fire to heat through, peel with benevolence, dao luo for the late. Take two money, each with a hot drink, in an instant feel belly quickened extremely hot, and child already. (sun) and

8. Treat all swollen, Yin also swollen: dog a shrink amomum villosum, soil, uniform. Research, and adopt it. (" RenZhai attaches to party ")

9. To treat infantile diarrhea, anal head out: sand one or two. Peel for the late, each with a money, with pig kidneys, a number of open, medicine, at the end of the continous system, m Gan cooked, and food, and clothing alum pills. (the pediatric health chief theory of micro indentation sand powder)

10. The tooth pain: sand often chewing. (" RenZhai attaches to party ")

11. All food cure poison: at the end of the amomum villosum, water one, two money. Lin Guang remember things (" ")

12. E. cure deficiency and heat Swelling: prolapse of amomum villosum, rhizoma coptidis, horsetail. For. At the end of every two meters drink. (, introduction to medicine miscellaneous disease, medication, shrinkage sand powder)

13. Colic: tomato, amomum villosum five points. Tomato's dog days to dry slice Autumn don't have to. Steamed good wine. (the static set prescription Yun jai hernia party)

Modern research

Main ingredients

Sand seeds containing volatile oil was 1.7% ~ 3%, main ingredients for d - Camphor (d - Camphor), d - Borneol (d - Borneol) and Bornyl acetate (Bornyl acetate), Linalool, Linalool, orange prickly ash alcohol (Nerolidol) and a terpenes. Adhering sand, leaves of volatile oil and seed essential oil are similar, including borneol, bornyl acetate, camphor, Limonene (such as Limonene), also contain saponins was 0.69%.

Clinical reports

1. The treatment of allergic colitis amomum villosum 6 ~ 10 g, dangshen 15 ~ 20 g, poria cocos 10 ~ 15 g, 12 ~ 18 g Fried atractylodes, Fried lentils 20 ~ 30 g, 8 ~ 10 g, lotus seed meat Fried yam, semen coicis each 15 ~ 30 g, platycodon grandiflorum 10 ~ 12 g, main licorice 3 ~ 6 g, jujube 3 ~ 5, along with the card to add and subtract. Each agent medicinal 500 ml water, soak for 30 minutes, JiHuo Fried opened, to fry cook for 30 minutes, after two Fried solution blending, points in the morning and evening clothes, daily 1 agent. Treatment of 60 cases. The total effective rate was 97%. [shandong traditional Chinese medicine 1991; 10 (6) : 24]

2. The treatment of chronic cholecystitis Amomum villosum each 6 g, rhizoma coptidis, radix aucklandiae, radix bupleuri, acid-insoluble ash, white mustard seed, rhubarb and 10 g, 12 g giant knotweed, each 15 g, honeysuckle, radix paeoniae alba, fructus evodiae, euphorbia kansui, spurge each 3 g. Treatment of 25 cases, 16 cases were cured, 6 cases had marked effect, is invalid in 3 patients. [hubei pharmaceutical journal 1991; 13 (3) : 9]

3. Treat gastroptosis Radix astragali, radix pseudostellariae 10 ~ 30 g each, each 10 g atractylodes, amomum fruit, dried tangerine or orange peel, 10 ~ 15 g cohosh 9 ~ 12 g, hovenia dulcis 10 ~ 18 g, rhubarb (below) after 3 ~ 12 g, 2 ~ 4 g system nux vomica, licorice 3 ~ 6 g. With the card to add and subtract, the water decoction. Treatment of 108 cases, 94 cases cured, 10 cases were markedly effective, effective in 2 cases, ineffective in 2 cases, the total effective rate was 96.3%. [henan Chinese medicine 1991; 11 (4) : 28]

4. The treatment of infantile anorexia Amomum villosum, ginseng, lotus seed, lentils, dried tangerine or orange peel, poria cocos, yam, each 10 g atractylodes, chicken's gizzard-membrane, oysters, licorice 5 g. Daily 1 agent, take 1 month is 1 treatment course. The treatment of 30 cases, 16 cases had marked effect, 10 cases, 4 cases were invalid. The total effective rate was 86.6%. [journal of Harbin medical university, 1992; 26 (2) : 140]

5. Treatment of pediatric indigestion Amomum villosum, focal rhizoma atractylodis each 200 g, 100 g Fried plantains, a total of research for the fine. At the end of the 6 months take 1 ~ 1.5 g, within 6 months to 1 year old who take 1.5 ~ 2 g, 1 ~ 3 years old take 2 ~ 3 g, 3 times a day, with weak brine take sugar, such as dehydration with acidosis should cooperate with the rehydration. Treatment of infants and young children simple indigestion or with mild dehydration of more than 200 cases, were cured in 7 days. [combine traditional Chinese and western medicine 1982; (3) : 191]

Clinical application of

1.

Wet resistance medium and spleen and qi stagnation syndrome. The goods scattered WenTong sheen, fragrance, its wet amuse oneself, line temperature effect are beautiful, the ancient yue: "to amuse oneself adjustable gastric medicine." So wet resistance or qi and is often caused by abdominal distension painful taste with all CARDS are commonly used, especially cold dampness and qi is the most appropriate. If wet resistance medium, usually used with magnolia officinalis, dried tangerine or orange peel, acid-insoluble ash. If the spleen and stomach and qi stagnation, and can be used with combination, acid-insoluble ash, such as incense sand definite pill (" JingYue encyclopedia "); If the proof of spleen and stomach weak, can match the spleen and replenishing qi dangshen, atractylodes, poria cocos, etc., as the sand 6 gentleman decoction (" pharmacopoeia and agent).

2. The spleen and stomach deficiency cold in children. The goods good can warm the stomach temperature so as to achieve the function of anti-nausea antidiarrheal, but its wenpi. Can use research at the end of the swallow, or Shared with dried ginger, lateral root medicine.

3. The evil resistance and quickened and pregnancy. The goods can do gas and anti-nausea and fetus. If pregnancy ou inverse cannot eat, can use, such as shrinkage sand (" dhi raw party "), or use with Sue terrier, atractylodes, such as compatibility, Uncomfortable, if lack of qi and blood, quickened with ginseng, atractylodes, prepared rhizome of rehmannia, such as compatibility, tomifying qi and fetus with blood, and as the taishan rock (the ancient and modern medical system).

Medicinal material identification

identification

1. The adhering sand kernel fruit oval, ovoid, or ovate, with 3 blunt edge is not obvious, 1.2 2.5 cm long, 0.8 1.8 cm in diameter, surface red-brown or HeZongSe, calyx densely curved prickles, longitudinal ridge of vascular bundle faintly visible, apex perianth residues of bumps, base with peduncle mark or peduncle; The skin is thinner, longitudinal crack, inner surface pale brown, clearly visible longitudinal lines of vascular bundle and thinning the diaphragm, axial placenta, room 3, 6 - containing seeds per room 20, seed gathered to form a smooth dough. Seed is irregular polygon, 2-5 mm long, 1.5 4 mm in diameter, surface red-brown to black, irregular wrinkles, was light brown membranous aril outside, small end sag hila, point at the larger end, into a longitudinal groove ridge sag. Fragrant and strong and symplectic cool taste, slightly bitter.

2. Green shell amomum villosum, fruit ovoid, ovoid, or oblong, looming 3 a blunt edge, 1.2 2.2 cm long, 1-1.6 cm in diameter, surface brown, yellow brown or HeZongSe, densely covered with calyx slightly flattened prickles; Peel the inner surface light yellow or brown yellow; Each room eight - 22 containing seeds; Seeds of irregular polygon, 2 to 4 m long, 2-4 mm in diameter, surface pale brown or brown, the rules of wrinkles. Fragrance, symplectic cooling, slightly bitter taste.

3. The sand kernel fruit in hainan real ovoid, oval, spindle elliptic or pear-shaped, has obvious 3 a blunt edge, 1-2 cm long, 0.7 1.7 cm in diameter, table into beige or ash is brown, was flaky, branch short spines; Peel thick and hard. The inner surface more reddish brown; Each room 4 to 24 containing seeds, seed polygon, 2.5 4 mm long, 1.5 2 mm in diameter, surface red brown or dark brown, irregular wrinkles. Smell is a bit weak. With a big, solid, benevolence, gas fragrant is preferred.

Microscopic identification

Seeds transverse section:

1. Yangchun amomum villosum cross-sections square, or diamond. Outer Zhou Weibo. Aril cells more columns, cell wall slightly bent. Seed coat table should be cell columns 1 to 50 microns long, to 3 microns in diameter, outer cuticle; 1 column under the skin cells. With mu brown pigment; Oil cell 1 column. Tangential extended. Containing the oil; Color layer of cells in 4-5 columns. Tangential extended. Yellow brown or reddish brown color of wheat. Within that 1 radial extension, thick-walled cells in cylindrical, to 35 microns long, to 25 microns in diameter, thin outer wall and inner wall thick, not to wood, cell mass containing silicon. Perisperm cells contain starch grains, nearly endosperm cells more milk contains calcium oxalate Fang Jing; Endosperm cells vague powders. Embryo vague powder grain and oil droplets in the cell.

2. The green shell amomum fruit ovoid, outer Zhou Weibo. Aril cell shrinkage curve. Kind of skin epidermal cells of radial extension, ovoid or oblong or wedge to 50 microns long, diameter and 35 microns; Under the skin cells contain red brown pigment; Pigment epithelial cells (3-4 columns, including red brown or yellow brown pigment; The kind of skin cells thick wall cylinder, long to 32 microns, to 23 microns in diameter, cell mass containing silicon.

3. Hainan amomum villosum trapezoidal, outer Zhou Weibo. More columns aril cells, cell wall bending shrivel. Kind of skin epidermal cells of radial extension, elliptic, or oblong, with reddish brown inclusions, to 63 microns long, diameter to 44 microns; Under the skin cells contain red brown or brown pigment; Pigment cell 2-4 columns, with yellow brown or reddish brown pigment; In seed coat thick wall cylindrical cells, to 28 mu m long, to 20 microns in diameter, cell containing siliceous block.

Powder characteristics

1. The adhering sand RenGong gray or brown.

(1) is found on the surface of a skin epidermal cells elongated, acuminate or obtuse, at the end to 346 microns long, 9-54 microns in diameter, outer cuticle.

(2) under the skin cells of a rectangle or oblong, 40-100 microns long, 11-34 microns in diameter, with epidermal cells on the lower vertical alignment, cell contains brown or reddish brown, pigment is easy to break into pieces.

(3) oil cells cut class rectangle, some cellular visible droplets.

(4) in seed coat of thick-walled cells, view polygonal surface, size (13-23) mu m * (20-31) microns, and wall thickness of about 2 microns, the lignification, cell containing class circular silicon mass, size (10-19) mu m x (18 to 29) microns; Section view in palisade cells, cell is located in the upper, containing siliceous block. In addition, with aril cells, pigment cells, perisperm, endosperm cells and calcium oxalate Fang Jing, cluster of crystal, etc.

2. The green sand shell RenGong grey or dark grey.

Which kind of skin epidermis cell surface elongated, to 307 microns long, 17-38 microns in diameter.

(2) the surface skin cells, oblong, 39-110 microns long, 9-44 microns in diameter.

(3) in seed coat sclerenchymatous cell surface view polygon, size (9 to 18) mu m x (10 to 24) microns, 3 microns thickness, siliceous within the cell block size (5-13) mu m x (6-19) microns.

3. Hainan amomum villosum gray brown.

Which kind of skin epidermis cell surface are elongated, to 405 microns long, 34 and 54 microns in diameter.

(2) under the skin cells oblong or class rectangle, 38-132 microns long, 13-38 microns in diameter, wall is curved, often with epidermal cells on the lower vertically, with reddish brown or yellow pigment.

(3) in seed coat sclerenchymatous cell surface view polygon, size (9-23) mu m x (10 to 26) microns, the wall thickness is about 1.5 m, cell mass containing silicon, size (8 -) 20 mu m x (9-25) microns; Section view in palisade.

The physical and chemical identification

TLC: take the goods volatile oil, add ethanol made from each 1 ml solution containing 20 mu l, as the test solution. Another borneol acetate reference substance, add ethanol made from each 1 ml contains 10 mu l solution, as a reference substance solution. 1 mu l learned these two solution, each point in the same silica G thin layer plate, with cyclohexane a ethyl acetate (he) as an agent,, remove and dry spray with vanillin 5% sulfuric acid solution, hot air blow to examine a few minutes later. In the chromatogram of the test and reference substance chromatography corresponding position, show the same purple spots.

The quality standard

() of the People's Republic of China pharmacopoeia 1995 edition, yangchun sand, green sand shell seeds group containing volatile oil shall not be less than 3.0% (ml/g); Hainan sand seed group containing volatile oil shall not be less than 1.0% (ml/g). The goods contain water shall not be over 15.0%.

Commodities specifications have domestic amomum villosum and amomum villosum.

1. Domestic sand yangchun of amomum villosum (1) : regardless of their rank, for processing different shell amomum villosum and amomum villosum two kinds. (2) the green shell amomum villosum: regardless of level. (3) hainan amomum villosum: points gradeless and uniformly priced goods and one, second-class goods, and also for processing different points net shell amomum villosum and amomum villosum two kinds. Net sand wait: the seed of triangular shaped oblong or ovoid, divided into three disc, every debate about seed number 10 grain, grain full, every 50 g within 150 grain; Second class: the seed group small and thin, flat every 50 g 150 grains.

2. Imported sand benevolence "sand", xi said shell sand and the sand benevolence. Agriculture is in Thailand, Vietnam, myanmar, Indonesia and other places.

Besides the above items, there are red shell amomum villosum, the fruit round, apparent or less than 3 a blunt edge, 0.9 1.8 cm long, 0.7 1.4 cm in diameter, surface brown or reddish brown, stabbed a protrusion; Each room 5-18 containing seeds, seed is irregular polygon, 2 -- 4 mm long, 1-2.5 mm in diameter. Gas aroma, cold, bitter. Agriculture in yunnan province. Use less, part of the pin from other provinces.

His own with sinochem wet, jianwei anti-nausea amomum villosum temperature, to carp tonifying spleen appetizers, lishi. Used for wet hysteresis pixu (spleen deficient), ou inverse eat less evil resistance or pregnancy.

Amomum villosum

"Chinese pharmacopoeia" : amomum villosum

Medicine name 】 【 amomum villosum

"Pinyin" Sh ā Ren

[English] FRUCTUS AMOMI

"Alias" spring of amomum villosum

【 origin 】 this product is a zingiberaceae plants adhering sand Amomum villosum Lour., green sand shell Amomum villosum Lour.. Var xanthioides t. l. Wu et Senjen sand or hainan Amomum longiligulare t. l. Wu dry ripe fruit. Summer, the autumn harvest when ripe, drying or freeze-dried.

【 description 】 adhering sand, green sand shell: oval or ovoid, have no obvious triangular, 1.5 ~ 2 cm long, 1-1.5 cm in diameter. Surface brown, densely spiny projections, apex with perianth residues, there is always a stem base. The skin soft and thin. Seeds collected in groups, with a blunt edge, with white in the diaphragm, the seed group into three disc, each valve has 5 ~ 26 grain seeds. Seeds for irregular polyhedron, the diameter of 2 ~ 3 mm; Surface reddish brown or dark brown, thin wrinkle, was light brown membranous aril; Qualitative hard, endosperm hoar. Fragrant and strong and symplectic cool taste, slightly bitter.

Hainan sand: round or oval in shape, there is a clear triangular, 1.5 ~ 2 cm long, 0.8 1.2 cm in diameter. Surface is flake, branch of soft spines, basal stem scar. Peel thick and hard. Seeds small, each lobe with seed 3 ~ 24 grain; Seeds 1.5 ~ 2 mm in diameter. Smell is a bit weak.

[identify] (1) the adhering sand seed cross-sections: aril sometimes remnants. Kind of skin epidermal cells 1 column, radial extension, wall slightly thick; Skin cells under 1 column, with brown or reddish brown. Oil cells about 1 column of oil layer, 76 ~ 106 microns long, 16 to 25 microns wide, containing yellow oil droplets. Brown pigment layer for sequence cell, cell polygon, irregular arrangement. Seed within 1 column grid of thick-walled cells, yellow brown, wall, and the extremely thick wall cells small, containing siliceous block. Perisperm cells contain starch grains and a few small calcium oxalate Fang Jing. Endosperm cells contain tiny aleurone grains and fat droplets. Powder ash is brown. In seed coat red brown or yellow brown, thick-walled cells of polygonal surface, wall thickness, the wood; Cell containing siliceous block, cross section view to 1 column palisade cells, the lining, and the extremely thick wall lateral cell, containing siliceous block. View found on the surface of a pale yellow skin epidermis cells, elongated, often associated with the skin cells on the lower vertical arrangement; Under the skin cells of brown or reddish brown. Pigment epithelial cell shrinkage, line is not clear, with reddish brown or dark brown. Perisperm cells class rectangle or irregular shape, filled with tiny rally into starch, starch grains or have small calcium oxalate Fang Jing embedding. Endosperm cells contain tiny aleurone grains and fat droplets. Colorless oil cells, wall thin, accidentally see oil droplets scattered all over.

(2) under the content of [with] the essential oil, add ethanol made from each 1 ml solution containing 20 mu l, as the test solution. Another borneol acetate reference substance, add ethanol made from each 1 ml contains 10 mu l solution, as a reference substance solution. According to thin layer chromatography (appendix Ⅵ B) test, 1 mu l learned these two solution, each point in the same silica G thin layer plate, cyclohexane - acetic acid ethyl ester (he) as an agent, and taken out, dry spray vanillin at 5% sulfuric acid solution, heating to the spot color is clear. In the chromatogram of the test, in the position of accordingly with reference substance chromatography, show the same purple spots.

[up] to remove impurities. When dolly.

Simba, sexual flavour 】 【 temperature.

[to the] to spleen, stomach and kidney meridian.

Wet appetizing, functional attending 】 【 wenpi antidiarrheal, facilitating fetus. Used in the wet muddy, often new not hunger, taste xu han, vomiting, diarrhea, pregnancy evil resistance, quickening.

3 ~ 6 g, usage and dosage 】 【 after into the appropriate decoction.

【 storage 】 a cool and dry place.

【 note 】 (1) for the spleen and stomach wet resistance caused by the loss of appetite and vomiting, diarrhea, often with atractylodes, dried tangerine or orange peel to use; The spleen and stomach and qi stagnation, often abdominal distension full, usually with dried tangerine or orange peel, magnolia bark, wood; For pixu (spleen deficient) and qi stagnation, can use to identify and dangshen, atractylodes. For spleen deficiency caused by a cold abdominal pain, diarrhea, and temperature in the dried ginger, remove cold cooked aconite root, dried tangerine or orange peel to identify with. Often used with quickening uneasy atractylodes, Sue terrier equivalent; Pregnancy evil resistance, can cooperate with pinellia, bamboo shavings equivalent.

【 from 】 "Chinese pharmacopoeia"

The Chinese medicine dictionary: amomum villosum

Medicine name 】 【 amomum villosum

"Pinyin" Sh ā Ren

"Alias" suo amomum villosum, sand honey (" medicinal theory "), shrink sand 蔤 (the sea medicine material medica).

【 origin 】 "compendium of the original"

【 origin 】 for zingiberaceae plants adhering sand or reducing sand ripe fruit or seeds. When ripe fruit harvest, baked dry or soft fire is the shell sand sand (a fruit); Strip off the skin, the seed dry, is the amomum villosum.

【 】 the original form (1) adhering sand (south Vietnam notes)

Perennial herb, up to 1.5 meters. Rhizomes cylindric, horizontal, small and membranous scales of tubular section, brown. Stems erect. Leaves 2, sessile; Blade is long and narrow circular or linear lanceolate, 14 ~ 40 cm long, 2-5 cm wide, apex abruptly acuminate in caudate or acute, base gradually narrow, margin entire, smooth, above is slightly below or fall off; Leaf sheath open, clasping; Ligule short, light brown. Fine pilose on out by the roots, stems, with scales and leaves pale brown; Spica spherical, height; Bract long elliptic, light synovial mass; Bracteole tubular, apex 2 crack, colloid; Calyx camp, about 1.6 cm long, apex 3 shallow crack, lobes nearly triangular; Corolla tube, about 1.8 cm long, 3 crack, crack running round, white, apex pocket shape; Lip ovoid to spoon, white, middle has the bright yellow and red spots, apex not neat incision, clawed PAWS, lateral staminodes in tiny emulsion raised; Stamen 1, anther is smooth, 3 crack connectivum appendages, two side lobes small, central lobe large volume, short filaments flat; Ovary inferior, spherical, piled, 3 room, every room ovule majority, styles slender, base with 2 ~ 3 nectary, stigma nearly spherical. Capsule, nearly globose, no crack, about 1.5 cm in diam., spiny convex, deep palm red. Seed the majority and aromatic. Flowering 3 ~ 6 months. Fruiting 6 ~ 9 months.

Born in valley forests, damp, or culture. Distribution of guangdong, guangxi, yunnan and other places.

This plant flowers and flower stalk spring (sand), nut shell (shell sha ren) also for medicinal, the article detailed designed.

(2) reduction of sand (material medica) the sea medicine

Perennial herb, up to 3 meters. Rhizomes horizontal, sometimes fleshy. Stems erect. Leaves linear lanceolate, 15.3 ~ 35 cm long, 4 ~ 7 cm wide, apex acute or acuminate, caudate, base gradually narrow, margin entire, glabrous on both sides: leaf sheath leathery, smooth; Ligule 4 mm long, leathery. Stem is silky hairs, scales, scales ovoid oblong, apex acute; Spica, spherical, bracts small, oblong, 1.8 2 cm long, smooth; Calyx tubular, 3 shallow crack; Corolla tubular, ca. 2 cm long, corolla crack running round, about 1 cm long; Labellum spoon, long more than corolla lobes, ca. 1.8 cm wide, apex 2 crack, base with a wide jaw; Anther is smooth, about 5.5 mm long, medicine at apex of appendages is half moon, two sides for the ear. Hard capsule, oblong or spherical triangle, about 2 cm in diam., with thorn, brown.

Cultivation or wild. Distribution of Vietnam, Thailand, myanmar, Indonesia and other places.

Fruit of this plant shell (amomum villosum shell) are for medicinal and other detailed designed.

Yangchun amomum villosum habitat division 】 【 advocate guangdong, guangxi and other places. Major imports of amomum villosum producing places such as Vietnam, Thailand, myanmar, Indonesia.

【 description 】 (1) spring amomum villosum (south Vietnam notes)

Also known as: spring amomum villosum and amomum villosum (the ancient and modern medicine alias test), dense sand soil (the "article against fake medicine distinguishes between"), for plant adhering sand dry fruit. The elliptical or oval, round ball slightly triangular shaped, 1.5 ~ 2 cm long, 1-1.5 cm diameter. Surface brown, densely spiny projections, side have small bumps, peduncle mark at one end. The skin thin, light, crisp inner most seeds. Seeds of spherical or long spherical, with a blunt triangular into three disc, each valve has 6 ~ 15 grain seeds. Seeds for irregular polyhedron, ca. 2 mm, surface reddish brown or dark brown, thin wrinkles. After the break, internal pale, oil. Fragrance, XinWei bitter taste.

(2) imports of amomum villosum

Also known as: west amomum villosum (the new ginseng slices). For plant sand dry fruit. The elliptical or oval, round ball slightly triangular shaped, 1.5 ~ 2 cm long, 0.8 ~ 1.5 cm diameter. The surface yellow brown or gray brown, densely flake swelled. Seed group shape is round, gray brown or brown, after the shelling of amomum villosum often due to special processing, the outer layer is white powder frost. Smell the spring sand a little pale. The above two are in a big, solid, kernel full, a dense is preferred. Yangchun sand quality.

Shrinkage sand seeds containing volatile oil chemical composition 】 【 1.7 ~ 3%, the main ingredients for d - camphor, a terpene (limonene, but not limonene), d - borneol, bornyl acetate, linalool, nerolidol.

Adhering sand, leaves of volatile oil and seed essential oil are similar, including borneol, bornyl acetate, the composition such as camphor, limonene. 0.69% and adhering sand containing saponins.

Belong to plant grass cardamom, its seeds contain amomum fruit aroma volatile oil 4 ~ 6%.

[up] amomum villosum: removing impurities and fruit shell, dolly. Salt amomum villosum: take net amomum villosum, use saline soak well, slow fire to dry, remove to cool. (every 100 jin sha ren with salt 2 jins 8 two, adding suitable amount of drinking water to melt to clarify)

Simba, sexual flavour 】 【 temperature.

(1) "medicinal theory" : "bitter taste."

(2) the sea medicine material medica: "taste, flat, salty."

(3) "the treasure materia medica", "taste, temperature, non-toxic."

(4) "of materia medica" : "xin wen, acerbity, non-toxic.

"To the" into the spleen, the stomach.

Material medica: (1) the soup "to start, full moon, Yang Ming, the sun, the foot shaoyin."

(2) "huang shu", "the full moon, Yang Ming, jue Yin, hand lunar, yangming, jue Yin."

(3) "new materia medica" : "into the heart, spleen by."

Line function attending 】 【 gas, and stomach, amuse oneself. To treat abdominal pain the new expansion, stomach stay sluggish, choking diaphragmatic vomiting, cold cold diarrhea, dysentery, pregnancy movement.

(1) "medicinal theory", "the main air conditioning abdominal pain, rest stop gas flow field, strain, digesting food, warm taste."

(2) "compendium gleanings" : "master gas cough and running of the dolphin, chronic ulcerated evil."

(3) the solar corona material medica son: "all gas, cholera twitch, heart pain."

(4) Zhang Yuansu: "cure spleen and stomach qi junction delay."

(5) Yang Shiying, "and, qi, pain, Ann."

6. "Ben MengQuan" : "stop nausea, abdominal pain."

7 "of materia medica", "fill the lungs amuse oneself, nourishing the stomach kidney, Richard, stagnant air, cold expansion and the new, choking diaphragmatic vomiting, check in the women's collapse, in addition to the throat tongue floating heat, a copper frame stuck."

Today "cure a wood code to" : "fill kidney, liver, vital, and the spleen and stomach, ease."

【 usage and dosage 】 oral: decoct soup (Fried) shoulds not be long, 0.5 ~ 2 money; Or the pill, powder.

【 note 】 do not taken by Yin fever.

Material medica: (1) the sea medicine "myrobalan, turtle shell, nutmeg, Bai Wu Ti etc. Good."

(2) "huang shu" : "whoever abdominal pain is a fire, diarrhea to heat, quickening due to blood heat, sore throat inflammation due to fire, children proctoptosis due to qi deficiency, due to the hot and humid, swollen with forced air cough due to fire in the lungs and not due to cold injury, all must explore and identify, it is difficult to use."

(3) the pharmaceutical chemical righteousness ":" lung have avoid is the v fire."

(4) material medica: "must match" deficiency of lung with disabled."