China RenKouBao: "two children" era To prevent birth defects should be more cause for concern - director of the national maternal and child health surveillance office visit professor zhu

The 2016-09-14 national health and population and family planning commission of the People's Republic of China

Is one of the high incidence of birth defects in our country, may say, birth defect prevention and control work is related to the improvement of the whole national quality, in recent years, through the three levels of comprehensive intervention measures vigorously implement, some serious incidence of birth defects in our country has the obvious downward trend.

"To prevent birth defects," on the eve of this year, reporter interviews with the director of the maternity and child health surveillance office professor zhu, please she introduces the birth defect prevention and control work to appear new features of our country. She points out that, along with the implementation of the comprehensive two child policy, greatly "stimulate" the part of the enthusiasm of the couple have a second child, however, because many couples are older, appear with higher risk of birth defects, this kind of circumstance should pay more attention to prevent birth defects.

At the beginning of birth defect prevention and treatment effect in our country

Journalist: would you please introduce, at present the overall situation of China's birth defects happen?

Zhu: refers to the baby is born with birth defects of the body structure, function, or metabolic abnormalities. Some abnormal can be found at birth, some even a period of time after a few years after birth is gradually revealed.

Is one of the high incidence of birth defects in our country, the incidence of birth defects in total about 5.6%, according to our country was born in 2015 population estimates, about 16.13 million in 2015, the total number of birth defects of about 900000 new cases of in our country. Due to China's big population base, population birth is much, so the total number of birth defects in each year.

Reporter: harm serious birth defects, our country has been emphasis on the prevention and treatment of combination of birth defects. Would you please explain it in detail situation of birth defects intervention work in China in recent years, what's the new move? How is the effect?

Zhu: indeed, birth defects which cause serious damage to children's health, is a major cause of infant death and disability in our country, not only brings heavy economic burden to the society, and the serious influence family harmony happiness, has become a serious public health problem. To this end, China promulgated the "law on maternal and infant health care," population and family planning law ", "Chinese women's development compendium (2011-2020)", "Chinese children development compendium (2011-2020), to prevent birth defects, improve the birth population quality as China's economic and social development of major strategic demand and key tasks, as an important content of the maternal and child health services.

Formulated and implemented a series of technical standards and norms in our country, such as prenatal screening and diagnosis of measures for the administration of neonatal screening measures for the administration of children aged 0 to 6 disability screening measures for the management, etc. Community prevention mechanism is established, on the basis of the township, the village of primary health care institutions, with maternal and child health services as the main body, supported by general hospital, women and children hospital, formed the provincial, city and county, township and village division is responsible for the close cooperation, each have emphasize particularly on, service mode, improve the accessibility of services.

At the same time, carried out a series of birth defect prevention and control of major public health services, to carry out the national rural women of childbearing age free supplemented small doses of folic acid to prevent neural tube defects, a country free pregnant eugenics health check project, neonatal screening programmes in poverty-stricken areas and the Mediterranean anemia prevention and control pilot projects. The implementation of these projects, eliminates the economic obstacle, let more benefits in poor areas, families in rural areas, make appropriate interventions birth defects in our country has been widely promoted.

Since 2010, the Chinese government will also be congenital heart disease, hemophilia, benzene acetone urine, hypospadias, cleft lip and palate and other diseases treatment costs included in the new rural cooperative medical reimbursement category, reimbursement ratio is higher and higher.

The family planning department of public health in recent years, through unremitting efforts, China's birth defects prevention and control system is gradually perfect, at the beginning of birth defect prevention and treatment effect. At present our country some serious there is an obvious decline in incidence of birth defects, for example, the incidence of neural tube defects from 11.96 in 2000 and, fell to 2.2 in 2015, a decline of 80%, from 14.1 in 2000 incidence of cleft lip/wan, fell to 7.4 in 2015, a decline of 48%. In addition, some of the most common birth defects, such as the congenital heart disease was early diagnosis, the detection rate is higher and higher, which greatly increases the chance to get timely treatment and treatment.

Two child policy implementation result in increased risk of birth defects

Reporter: this year, the comprehensive two child policy implemented, on to prevent birth defects will appear some new characteristics, for this, do you need to pay special attention to what issues?

Zhu: after two child policy implementation, open a marked increase, followed by maternal age (more than 35 years of age) will have an obvious increase, the increased risk of pregnancy complications, all increase the risk of birth defects occur, so more attention should be paid to prevent birth defects.

In real life, many people think that if have fertility of women give birth to, the possibility of accident is reduced. Actually otherwise, multipara (had mothers who gave birth to a child) production, as well as the severe or death is higher than the proportion of primipara (the first secondary children's mothers). Therefore, prepare pregnant "the treasure" couple, should pay more attention to pregnancy, prenatal care, as far as possible in a planned pregnancy, and the optimal pregnant are necessary preparation: undergo pre-baby eugenics health check and dietary and lifestyle guide, keep health and nutritional status as the best before pregnancy. To 3 months at least 1 month before starting a 0.4 mg of folic acid, and continued throughout the pregnancy. To control good pregnancy weight, make the body mass index (BMI) of 18.5-18.5 as far as possible. Want to do a good job of screening for down syndrome during pregnancy. Accept the screening examination of diseases of newborn babies in time after birth.

In addition, there are some people mistakenly believe that birth defects is a rare event, will not happen to me, hold fluky psychology, not willing to accept the test, even though the doctor told family members and suspected of birth defects, they are not willing to accept the normal further examination, so it's easy to let the tragedy. I think that every family must consciously will mark the good pregnancy, pregnancy and neonatal three way, positive pregnancy eugenics health checks, maternal and neonatal diseases screening examination, this will help to reduce the incidence of birth defects, improve the early diagnosis in children with birth defects, let it get satisfactory quality of life by early treatment. (source: China RenKouBao, on September 13, 2016, 01)