Constructing traditional Chinese medicine knowledge system with big data

Time: 2017-11-17 source: Chinese traditional Chinese medicine report author: zhang hua min zhang weina li hongtao

Abstract: the digitization of traditional Chinese medicine has changed the traditional

way of utilization of ancient books. As the era of big data has increased the demand for knowledge service, and build a structured medical knowledge system, make Chinese medical knowledge retrieval from "knowledge" to "knowledge", from ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine "resource service" into "knowledge service" is the trend of The Times. Library of China academy of traditional Chinese medicine of TCM ancient books classification methods were studied, to create a classification of TCM ancient books, and the corresponding relation of commonly used classification and field mapping table, solves the problem of TCM ancient books classification, for the industry of traditional Chinese medicine of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides a convenient, practical, unified ancient books classification method.

Ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine is an important part of Chinese ancient books, which contains rich medical theory, knowledge and practical experience, is the important carrier of traditional Chinese medicine inheritance for thousands of years, is the source of academic progress and scientific and technological innovation of Chinese medicine. China academy of traditional Chinese medicine library collection is the national and the world ancient varieties of traditional Chinese medicine, the largest number of library collection ancient books more than 100000 copies, of which over 6000 kinds of TCM ancient books in version 8000, accounts for about 50% of the world ancient varieties of traditional Chinese medicine. In January 2007, the general office of the state council issued the "opinions on further strengthening of the protection of ancient books" and officially launched the "Chinese ancient book protection plan". In recent 10 years, the national ancient books protection, innovation and development of traditional Chinese medicine policy guidance and national leaders at all levels, under the loving care of China ancient books protection and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine academy of sciences library work has accumulated certain experience, the article would like to share with friends.

Consolidate the foundation for innovation

We will comprehensively carry out the census of ancient Chinese medicine in China and abroad, and find out the ancient books. In 2007, under the guidance of old curator Xue Qinglu researcher, three-year compiled "Chinese TCM ancient books catalogue" published, accordingly find out the domestic 150 books collection units of 13455 kinds of TCM ancient books, found out the basic domestic existing ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine's money. At the same time, the data of ancient books in the library are reviewed and revised. In 2014, a catalogue of ancient books in the library of Chinese academy of Chinese academy of Chinese medicine was published, which became one of the ancient books collecting units that completed the census registration earlier in the country. In 2015, the library on the basis of TCM ancient books catalogue of the People's Republic of China, national unity bibliographic database is established, and the correct bibliographic article 300, article 37 books bibliography collection units of more than 1800 new, expanded from the breadth and depth of the research scope of ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine resources, enrich the contents of the new varieties, new. At the same time, the library also collected more than 240 kinds of books outside of mainland China, Chad overseas collections of TCM ancient books a total of 28000 units, for the overseas Chinese medical resources replication regression provides important clues.

To construct a system of traditional Chinese medical protection techniques and methods to improve the collection environment. In the middle of the ministry of science and technology special and basic work of purchasing special funds support, according to ancient books protection technology system and the library ancient books collection industry standard requirements, since 2008, through to the professional library and some large-scale integrated library of traditional Chinese medicine in ancient books protection and restoration, save the environment and workplace, temperature and humidity control, insect-resistant moistureproof and dustproof measures and effects of protection and so on four aspects of research, set up professional library ancient books protection technology system of traditional Chinese medicine and specification, to formulate the best environmental protection standards and measures, TCM ancient books compiled all previous dynasties Chinese medicine insect-resistant, moisture and other ancient books protection methods, improve the modern ancient books repairing technology. At the same time, the library has improved the collection environment by renovating the library and adding facilities. The number of ancient books is increased from two to three, and the library area has nearly doubled. The library is full of insect-proof, moisture-proof and dustproof camphor cabinets and the purchase of cryogenic cabinet for the killing and disinfection of newly naturalized ancient books, thus avoiding the reproduction of the eggs in the ancient books of the museum. The library is equipped with constant temperature and humidity air conditioning and fire protection system, which can guarantee the safety of ancient books.

Innovative repair methods. With the era development, library actively apply to the superior departments in recent years, successively bought a variety of modern repair facilities and equipment, such as ancient books repairing hd workbench, ancient books, ancient books copied dusting washing machines, multi-function constant temperature and humidity vacuum reveals ark, ancient books repairing ancient books ark, ancient pressing machine, ancient books pulp filling machine, etc., the ancient books repairing from the traditional single human manual repair work, gradually transition to a modern, scientific, professional repair methods and development, greatly improving the repair quality and efficiency. In 2009, the library was awarded the national ancient restoration center.

We will strengthen the protection of ancient books. Analog integrated to form a library resources system in 2011, the use of digital technology and miniature technology combined with the mathematical model integration technology, to digital collections of TCM ancient books and two-way preservation and utilization of microfilm. At present, more than 1, 000 digital images of ancient books have been copied. From 2007 to 2017, the library has published a total of 138 copies of the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine. In 2014-2017, the library has published 42 series of "ancient books of ancient Chinese traditional Chinese medicine" series. In 2010, "the ancient book of traditional Chinese medicine" won the second edition of the Chinese government prize of publishing government. "This set of books is not only an important reference book for TCM clinical, scientific research and teaching staff, but also a model for the protection and utilization of ancient Chinese medicine," said the national library press.

Scientific research pilotage is efficient use

Build a database of resources. Based on years of digitalization of TCM ancient books and database, at present, the library resources of TCM ancient books database has collected 2326 kinds of the feed and the metadata information of TCM ancient books, 1220 kinds of TCM ancient books of the original image, 500 kinds of TCM ancient books of the full text and graphic correlation. Database can be online in this website viewing, combined with a simple query, query, full-text search, and after the word search and other functions, which not only fundamentally solved the contradiction between ancient books "hide" and "use", and can be widely in the service of the public.

Excavate the original knowledge of ancient books. Traditional Chinese medicine has rich knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine, and the excavation of original knowledge of traditional Chinese medicine is an important way to innovate traditional Chinese medicine. Library has to warm disease ancient books, ancient books, keeping in good health, ancient prescriptions, basis ancient books and other ancient books has carried on the demonstration of mining arrange, gradually founded based on ontology and semantics of Chinese medical knowledge system, realized the ancient books related, interaction, depth of knowledge retrieval, to knowledge classification, the concept of ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine association, semantic parsing and lay a solid foundation, efficient application promoted the deep excavation and utilization of ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine knowledge, making effective demonstration for knowledge discovery and theory innovation. Since 2007, I have undertaken 4 national research projects. Research "Chinese medical rescue, excavation and utilization" was awarded the first prize for science and technology of China association of Chinese medicine in 2010, "research on ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine resource discovery and knowledge organization" won first prize in 2017, the China academy of traditional Chinese medicine science and technology.

Develop the classifications and glossary of ancient books. Library on the basis of comprehensive research and practice work, according to the characteristics of TCM ancient books content, guided by the French drug of "rationality" of traditional Chinese medicine theory, the classification method of TCM ancient books were studied, to create a classification of TCM ancient books, and document mapping table, the corresponding relationship between field of commonly used classification solves the problem of TCM ancient books classification, for the industry of traditional Chinese medicine of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides a convenient, practical, unified ancient books classification method. It is of positive significance to promote the standardization and standardization of the classification indexing system of traditional Chinese medicine classification system and to improve the management and utilization of ancient Chinese literature resources. At the same time, research and development of ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine to improve vocabulary, a lot of ancient literature of traditional Chinese medicine under the existence of synonyms and near synonyms, hypernym, a word, correlative, and modern medical words reveal and specification, and in the various types of TCM ancient books database applications, greatly improve the efficiency of database retrieval. Since 2012, there have been 6 software copyright of relevant databases.

Promoting the compilation of the Chinese medicine reservoir. In August 2012, the ministry of culture and the state administration of traditional Chinese medicine held a "Chinese medicine reservoir" in Beijing. "Chinese medical hidden" published project as since the founding of the first comprehensive survey of classics of traditional Chinese medicine at home and abroad with the original book copy project, will further census of TCM ancient books, the book protection and regeneration medicine to clarify the ancient books edition, TCM literature research and clinical knowledge discover an irreplaceable role. Under the cooperation and support from the national center for protection of ancient books, the library has organized for primary, subject expert working group to vote, academicians and famous medical examination and approval, subject to the examination and approval of academic leaders added several links such as literature, to complete the Chinese medical hidden optional item, selected representative and authoritative medical books about 2289 (including 2065 kinds of TCM ancient books, ethnic medicine ancient books, 224).

Inheritance of intellectual and cultural confidence

The organization declared the list of national valuable ancient books. In 2008 ~ 2011, the library has four organizations, including the library, more than 20 professional library of traditional Chinese medicine "national precious ancient books list" and "the national key units to be protected ancient books" declare work. At present, there are nearly 100 ancient books in the national traditional Chinese medicine industry, including 44 libraries. In 2008, the library was approved by the state council as the first batch of "key protection units of ancient Chinese nationality". In 2011, he was awarded the "Beijing TCM cultural tourism demonstration base" by the Beijing administration of traditional Chinese medicine. In 2014, the ministry of culture was awarded the "advanced unit of national ancient books protection".

To hold the exhibition of Chinese rare medical classics. Library in March 2010 and June 2011, twice in collaboration with the national library and national ancient books protection center, held in national library of large-scale exhibition of precious Chinese medical classics, exhibition featured a group of representative ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine and cultural relics, from different angles show the scientific connotation of traditional Chinese medicine has a long history, profound connotation, and brilliant culture, and promote the traditional literature of traditional Chinese medicine original knowledge and value of promotion and publicity, in huangdi neijing "compendium of materia medica" two Chinese traditional medicine documents to declare the UN list of memory in the world to build a good atmosphere.

Successful declaration of the world memory directory. In March 2010, jinling library organization declare version of the compendium of materia medica, China academy of traditional Chinese medicine library) and huangdi neijing (national library) in the fourth world memory committee meeting in the asia-pacific region, success to be included in the list of memory in the asia-pacific region in the world. On May 25, 2011, the two works in Manchester, England, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO) World Memory engineering international advisory committee (IAC) the tenth meeting, have been approved in the World list of Memory, the Memory of the World Register). This is the first time that traditional Chinese medicine classics have been included in this list. It is of great significance to promote the culture of traditional Chinese medicine and promote China's excellent traditional culture to the world.

Radiate the country with a point band

Base construction and personnel training is an important guarantee for the protection and utilization of ancient books. We realized that in the protection of ancient books, ancient books protection of TCM should focus on collection units and regions in the country to establish bases or center, so as to play to a point in the plane, radiation national goals. Since 2008, the library has been appraised as the national key protection units, the national industry of TCM ancient books ancient books protection center and national ancient books repairing center, recommended by library organization, Shanghai university of traditional Chinese medicine, nanjing university of Chinese medicine library, the library of anhui university of traditional Chinese medicine has been awarded the national key units to be protected ancient books, become the important ancient books protection and practice of traditional Chinese medicine of the local base.

Since 2007, China academy of traditional Chinese medicine library successively in the Chinese academy of sciences, guiyang college of traditional Chinese medicine, shaanxi college of traditional Chinese medicine of traditional Chinese medicine, anhui college of traditional Chinese medicine library, changchun university of Chinese medicine library organization held 6 issue of the protection and utilization of ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine industry training, training content involves TCM ancient books protection, cataloging, repair, digitized, and utilization of the research in many aspects, such as training students from all over the country more than 30 units, a total of more than 300 people. Students from all over the world have participated in the training to reflect the good results, not only improve their own business quality, but also have great inspiration for business work and scientific research.

Through years of accumulation and development, a large number of professionals and industry experts have achieved fruitful results in the protection and utilization of ancient books.

There is still a long way to go

Look back 10 years, the library at all levels of leadership department, under the guidance and care in the national library, especially peer under the joint efforts of professional library of traditional Chinese medicine, in the field of ancient books protection, rescue, excavation and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine, made some exploratory development and utilization of the work. However, the protection and utilization of ancient Chinese medicine is a long-term and professional work, although it is still a long way to go, but looking ahead, we are still full of confidence and expectation.

First, in terms of ancient books collection, with the constant improvement of the Chinese medical attention, folk private collection ancient books have been found, the collection of ancient books cataloging in unit to be more perfect, the development of overseas Chinese medical research, there will be new TCM ancient books into people field of vision. Although the overall number will not increase significantly, it is of great significance for the further expansion of ancient Chinese medicine resources and the deepening of the census of ancient Chinese medicine.

Second, in the aspect of editing and publishing of ancient books, the current "Chinese medical hidden" compiling project has completed research and work, as the project continues to push, especially in the Chinese medical books of TCM ancient books, editing and publishing will be fully systematically, this regarding the protection and utilization of TCM ancient books, inheritance innovation and development of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine culture boom will play an irreplaceable role.

Third, in the digitization of ancient books, the digitization of ancient Chinese medicine has changed the traditional way of using ancient books. As the era of big data has increased the demand for knowledge service, and build a structured medical knowledge system, make Chinese medical knowledge retrieval from "knowledge" to "knowledge", from ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine "resource service" into "knowledge service" is the trend of The Times.

Fourth, in terms of talent team, the current personnel engaged in the work of ancient books gradually younger age, record of formal schooling is obviously improved, which adds a lot of new work for ancient books, is helpful to the future work the continuation and development of ancient books. As far as the whole Chinese medicine industry is concerned, it has gradually formed the scientific research team of Chinese traditional Chinese medicine, which has been brought together by old and middle scholars and experts. Together, we will be able to do better with the protection and utilization of ancient books in a good atmosphere of cooperation. (zhang huimin zhang weina li hongtao)