Chinese history (xia and shang dynasty era) (serial 13)

Section 5 of medicine knowledge unceasingly rich

     A, natural medicine knowledge accumulation

    Human cognition, to drugs from natural selection and application of medicine begun to. Three generations of xia, shang and western zhou dynasties already in plant-based drugs, animal figurines medicine and mineral drugs aspects of the knowledge accumulated rich experience.

    Gao city county in hebei province in Taiwan have been excavated site I dealer has 30 kinds of plants, which can make ZhongRen medicinal have nut, almond, YuLiRen etc. Shang dynasty tomb in henan delineate the jade of mortar and pestle unearthed pestle body and with strong cinnabar mortar memory traces, when for crushing, grinding song utensils. Such mineral sand

     The oracle bone unearthed digging of bones, not only records many medicinal plant, animal and mineral, many medicinal author directly is described. Such as corn, wheat, bluegrass, 秜, 稌, Shu, hemp, Feng, Shu, horses, cattle, sheep, Shi, dogs, chicken, jade, stone etc.

    Compartmentalizes the medicine knowledge, we reflect only limited to shaman resoures, still cannot reflect the panorama of medicinal knowledge at that time.

    Weeks to more than Yin about agriculture, but to plant medicine as the main body of the traditional Chinese materia medica its formation and development, and agricultural development has a very close relationship. The book of records, can be used to heal in July with (p. tenuifolia), yu (prunus), mulberry, silkworm, Fan (BaiHao), mystus reed (reed), Tiao (informed), (wild grapes), kwai chung, Shu, valley, dates, rice, melons, pot (gourd), Ju (MaZi), the mandala (bitter lai), the athlets Shu, hemp, wheat, Ji, spear, into, etc. The book of songs can be used to heal, with 300 species of the animals and plants, and mineral, because of the development of agriculture and food increases, weeks before to settle zhouyuan, has mastered, leaving Yi technology of verse.

    Medicine knowledge and experience, the development of medicine practice, brought the sublimation of drug theory. Kaogongji (the proposed based on five tastes of grain, five medicines, raise their disease theory. Five is polyimide (taste is sour), wine (bitter taste), Yi, honey (flavour Kennedy), ginger (taste), salt (Zimbabwe); taste salty Corn is hemp, Shu, Ji, wheat, doug; Five medicines doesn't mean five specific drugs, but the vegetation ShiGu five drugs, worm about drug classification thoughts have show evidence of one. The theory of the five elements and pharmacy union, pharmacy and prevention, medication, the combination of good governance practice of zhouli, is contained in the pharmaceutical knowledge, experience and theory of the characteristics of the two notable.

    Second, wine of inventions and medicinal

    (a) wine invention

    JinRen JiangTong in the wine in cursive with: "the wine of the ShangHuang... since the emerged, endless, over dinner, organizing a smouldering empty mulberry regenerative gas into flavour, long. This for this fragrance, started odd square." Explain cooked cereal, throw in the wild, in a certain natural conditions, may itself fermented into wine. People suffer this kind of natural fermented into wine revelation, gradually invented artificially wine-making.

    China took in the late already can artificially made wine. If the war policy ":" emperor DiZao wine, women make instrument. "the YuYu into According to the archaeological excavations, found in longshan culture has many earthen site, bartender, also recorded in oracle. I Gao city county sets of shang dynasty unearthed in yeast, tombs excavated underground three thousand years later, when and fermentation, han dynasty in the white tiger, ban gu of the test also have meant explanation fragrant wine. ZhangXiang roshan python traits in shang graveyard, discovered the ancient wine existent earliest, it into a bronze made of container, good seal. Still able to detect ingredients, certify that each 100 milliliter wine contains 8239 mg formic acid ethyl vinegar, and fruity smell, suggesting a kind of full-bodied sweet wine, and oracle of consistent records.

The zhou dynasty, wine has become independent and have a fairly large handicraft workshops, and set up a special management wine "wine is", "wine person" and "yu", "plasma man", "big Qiu position." tube

    (2) wine medicinal

    Wine is the earliest doping (a few use) and anesthetic (lots of used). The invention and application of wine, prompting the limits using drug expands unceasingly. Wine has the blood, raise temper, thick intestines and stomach, embellish skin, to coolness, pharmaceutical agents, sterilizing effect. Huangdi pointed out that the ancients "soup feels ashamed", its liquid mash medical action is "evil to serve." the sure-fire Ancient doctor often has no head for wine, make the drugs help take effect. "Wine for 100 medicine long" that is reflected the historical fact.

    Again from ancient "d" word can also see ancient medical and wine relationship, medical, han xu shen said wen jie zi "said:" heal disease from work also stepped. "... "Cure disease and sound, wine so cure also." Say again: "Shu stepped into August, can figure out if wine." Early in the shang dynasty to where the "text" wine "provide wine," oracle stepped in cans, grain storage stepped said fermented into wine, like JiuTan, image reflects the historical culture at real. From "the structure of medical" word can be seen with medical "word between sound and wine illness that ancient medical composed stumbled with wine, embodies the very close relationship in medical history in the wine is important.

    Three, soup of liquid and significance. Initiative

    Soup, is that YiYin liquid treatmentresult researchason invention. The king of YiYin original is soup cooks, is appointed as prime minister after. Shi-ji Yin this discipline ":" YiYin to taste said soup "by party b in huangdi acupuncture, YiYin preface:" with the saints, and with the only written shennong materia "thought soup fluid." YiYin both fine cooking, and general medicine. According to the experience of cuisine prepared to improve the method is very soup fluid may be possible.

    Soup of liquid cannot be YiYin invention, creating a person, or not a period. Soup liquid invention, is countless thousands of lives by ancestors of drug use and CaiYao practice, from the result of long-term experience accumulation cook.

     Soup liquid invention, medical history leap forward, marked the birth of prescriptions, medical history an important invention.

(serial, to be continued)