Chinese history (spring and autumn and warring states period) (serial 20)

The 6th of military medical

     Military medical began in ancient times. Since the emergence of the war, produce the ambulance and heal war, military medical needs of patients is not an independent medical field, it is based on the general medicine and medical college, and on the basis of using them knowledge and technologies, from prevention, diagnosis and treatment, ensuring the health of Angle of soldiers.

     The age of military medical development and current situation, all depends on the social, military, medical factors, and more importantly depends on social economic form, at the age of productivity status and the war features, such as weapons use, the nature of the war, the establishment of cavalry troop was, military thought, and military technology development, etc.

     Military medical organization originated in independent standing army appeared, due to start using and the iron instruments, the cultivation of phased work for all countries provides the material conditions buildup armed spring and autumn and warring states period every state successively have set up their own standing army, in the spring and autumn period by a small number of war is the army to the scope of military action in the outcome of the relatively narrow, war mainly by the captains of the chariots, in a short time can be decisive. The warring states period, because the landlord to establish, the weapon's power, and military progress with peasants as ingredient, army footfall, military area is former expanded. War battle, by the traffic ways to change walk, or riding pong field and siege, war with lasting, long-term compared the properties, disease and casualties also more, accordingly, the troops of medical and health care problem soldiers is more attention.

      A, army in the Settings. Shamans and the alchemist

      Spring and autumn and warring states era, in order to obtain governors commanders the victory of the war, has noticed that should concern the health of residents. "Wu yue chun qiu", GouJian mentioned promoted in before madame wu said: "and pledging a disease cannot war from soldiers, who we medicine, give the child the 13-year porridge, with food with."

      The general growes cima (surname of Ju, field) would be up residents "times and diet, ask focal disease medicine. The body of selling us huma rights followed since of general information, sita take food with the CDC, body enjoy and share food, most residents than its win the weak, days and then le: soldier sick all beg line, for the zealot to fight" as a SiMaRangJu (shi-ji biography). He had the "syma method of kernel this, once said:" the enemy if injuries, medicine, visible to "already has troops in charge at medical personnel.

     WuQi wei, and most tosha XiaZhe residents, and lie not with a table, do not ride, personally, and negative food LaoCui residents with residents, a portion WuQi kiss for last, sucking the symptom such as purulent blood (shi-ji WuQi strategy ").

    TuoMing jiangshang, writing the final stage in the warring states period of six corporate governance in the fist place LongTao roll of three, records an piece in, by 72 members, including the command system should be mentioned army, and made two "the alchemist. To put to JinChuang 100 medicine, with illness" seems alu minium wheels million alchemist has hosted redlining military medicine.

    Mozi shrine to meet them, the article ":" heave witch doctor, groundwater, somewhat with medicine, palace long, and to support the work of the first, if FangJi." Sun yiranh in reviewing mozi ", between with drug "to" long "is the explanation of medical long palm." with medicine standby From the above records, the earliest visible by the shaman and military is the alchemist as.

    Second, the physical and selection soldiers skills standard

    Spring autumn already pay attention to selecting soldiers, namely the strength of the constitution, the standard is wearing armor for military activities can. Almighty called "winner", not almighty clothing called "be clothing," such as be garment is no soldier qualification. To the warring states period to the soldier, as the war the physical and combat skills greatly improved, then when the infantry soldiers, select the war-carriages and horsemen, and the constitution, endurance and skill each have different standards.

     (a) the infantry to practice jailer soul kingdom wu jailer, for example, the selection of the standard is: systemic armoured can operate the crossbow, twelve stones with 50 arrows and a knife gerben, head DaiTie helmet, waist, take three days pelosi dagger, half a day can do 100 food. After examination, from a TianZhai corvee, also tax-free (", the article "panged xun discussion).

     (2) cavalry soldier the selection of the standard height is seven feet five inch above ($today were 1.73 m) : chicken, and quick, can in horse approached racing, bow archery, arm around rondo, skipping river, climb hillside, remove and rushed to the river, and chase Nemesis, across all with little strike, dare, people can choose for sasha knight (" six corporate governance · sasha knight ").

     (3) the war-carriages selection of the standard is the age warrior below 40, height seven feet five inch above, running can chase and horses, chariots jumps in speed, around the whirly, force can be in the car banner, pull the full mastery after eight stone bows, forward about archery. To achieve these standards, can select for "force" (the car and the car and six corporate governance · wu ").

     Third, the resettlement of patients - temporary disabled hospital

    Spring and autumn and warring states period, when the fight against the enemy, often requisition houses, local rich chamber will seriously injured soldiers placed into temporary disabled hospital of relaxation. The article "mozi · dictate to recording:" what to heal wounds, home to FanHang must note: (according to the family of scholar-bureaucrats good means to raise, medical) for medicine, given two litres, meat, wine, make 2 jins Lv depending on the number of illness do publicans. Have Chou,......, cheat for residual injury to monarch who avoid) things (same as, "race." general think this is our country in combat hospital when the beginning of establishment of temporary disabled.

     Fourth, to patients who lack and medical touring the punishment

     "Tong Canon" records: "all will 3 headquarters collectors and tour the tent camp, read the fine coarse, are uneven diet, depending on the medicine,..." (volume 149 soldier two miscellaneous fatwa).

     This regulation, not only make and wounded spirit can get on the comfort and encouragement, and medical personnel also has urged when role and evaluation. "Six corporate governance · after army commandments law" in regulation: "soldiers are gen, i.e. give medicine, make to treat medical not namely regards,; the" whip.

(serial, to be continued)