Chinese history (han dynasty) (serial 31)

The ninth festival medical writings

One, the "hard huangdi 81

Referred to as the "hard" or "81 by difficult journey. The old topic qin book, not only people pick shi-ji bian que who usually traveled everywhere storehouse of male biographical did not mention LiuXin liuxiang, father and son, LiZhuGuo school books and also never records, not till east-han ZhangZhongJing in the theory of "the typhoid miscellaneous diseases don't mentioned in the preface to the kingdoms of 81, when LvGuang is the earliest wu cure too much to the Lord in the translation of" difficult ". Therefore, the researchers think: "by the end of western han dynasty to eastern sanyan between to. The book also contains this period some cultural imprinting. "The difficult of the" 5 (3 volumes (said), is a form of ancient medicine to explain the difficult theory works: about the difficult of the meaning of the title. All previous dynasties scholars have different understanding and knowledge, a view to "difficult" word as the "difficult (nan difficult pronunciation!", for the XuLing tyres, clear, ZiXu released by the hard, "said:" to the spirit of AoZhi, bring meal not worthy of the hair, set to q&a, so the language righteousness. "too costly chang Another argument is to "difficult" word as the "difficult (difficulty with nan," male "sound, two sound)". Donald, YangXuanCao the preface to the note said: "in its name, 81 difficult reason is far-reaching, the jailer was so easily." Above two kinds of understanding has its representative, from the analysis, and righteousness before style a phrase like "difficult more operator by the original book content.

"Difficult" basic content includes the pulse, organs, Yin and Yang, five elements, illness can, camp guard, yu caves, acupuncture, and the triple by eight and mingmen, strange pulse theory difficulty. Involving human normal physiology, anatomy, disease and syndrome, diagnosis, acupuncture and treatment, as well as Yin yang-five elements theory discussed various knotty problems, content extremely rich, the basic theory of TCM in elucidating plays an important role.

"Hard to the sutra extant by the Ming to set the medical tabled carved with the Japanese samurai village city WangJiuSi weapon, huangdi carved song guo 81 in such difficult journey, past comments earlier, about 50 home who play.

"Difficult" not only in the aspect of theory enriched the contents of the motherland medicine in clinical aspects, and discussed a lot, except acupuncture, but also put forward the theory of typhoid fever, five on later typhoid doctrine and WenBingXue said of development have a certain effect. "Difficult for diagnostics, acupuncture the sutra discussed followed by physicians also has been in the past dynasties physicians, theoretical thinking and medical research has the extensive and far-reaching influence.

Second, the root of Chinese magnoliavine was ranked

Alias "shennong materia", hereinafter referred to as the BenCaoJing ", "this via", is a important materia medica classics. The earliest record of "seven by beam that description, six dynasties literature has some about the book's quote, TaoHongJing" BenCaoJing guo, liang said: "old" in this scripture, shen nong says more than natural,... today that the letter store, there is the four volumes, is its this via, by the counties is hou, suspected when YuanHua etc of zhong-jing written." Though not department architects in the proviso that name and written in the late drug counties origin name be set "yongchang" county (see XiJiao, wave son sweet, such a), the HouHanShu, Ming emperor jamie ":" yongping December spring next month, yizhou outside prison IP old-and king of grief, and buy within in yizhou "western baldensperger county, DouWei." Therefore, many scholars think the BenCaoJing pretest-posttest clothing of god YuDongHan when not early writing. At the same time, it must be pointed out that the house of god BenCaoJing drug producing area more ancient place names, qin featuring such as qin, it reflects the names the formation of the book is a continuous improvement and inheritance and development process. Explain the root of Chinese magnoliavine was ranked at the fear of not writing one hand, in the qin and qin source has the book or is correct, but if thinks the book has already become in this period, then it is also more fully, han shu category, according to the book, but not load of eastern han period LianDan each situation under the stone immortals during the popular in more visible marks.

"God BenCaoJing" into "sequence clothing record" (1 roll) and text (3 roll) two most, "foreword record" is about the materia medica, discusses the general in classification, drugs, else duan fujin's understandings; Seven hehe, sexual flavour origin, authenticity identification, various forms, clinical medicine appropriate avoid, dose-dependence, medication time, the medicine system make etc, a main part to each of 360 drug expanded the name, sexual flavour, Lord cure certificate, producing area (mountains, valleys, sichuan, ze, etc.), alias, categorizing 1929.

"God BenCaoJing" after a long clothing ChuanChao, "traveled shennong materia", "shen nong this via", "god" and "shen nong by pesticides by", "BenCaoJing", "the compendium of materia", "this via", "serious", and so on the different names.

Third, "elixir party"

In 1972 in November, in gansu s drought beach slope has excavated a burial, through research and appraisal, MuZhuRen may be an elderly doctor, the grave-goods except medicine, besides the epicureans slips first battle, etc., and its weight money eastern time, were 92 & early, early slips handwritten medicine ring name "submission to the han dynasty, but because of medical dealer in Jane elixir of" fang ", hence renamed the elixir square ".

The elixir square "contents is quite widespread, including inside, outside, woman, son, facial features all branches of the disease. Describes the cough, asthma, typhoid fever, the Long, blood stasis, eye illness, tooth pain, deafness, FuLiang disease, ulcers, hemorrhage, bi-complex certificate, long venting, infertility; Such disease and syndrome of leprosy etiology and pathology, syndrome. Drug contained nearly species, including plant, animal figurines medicine medicine 63 12, 16 kinds of mineral drug, alcohol and other liquid drug 9 kinds. These drugs have 69 kinds in the root of Chinese magnoliavine was ranked, 11 kinds of in the famous doctors don't record ", there are 20 not seen in other materia secretary load. The book also describes the drug processing, and soup, pills, cream, scattered, feels ashamed, dripping, bolt, etc, were of different formulations of zhongjings prescriptions 36 first, some party name is "GongSunJunFang marked", "built wei 2001", "the east will military BaiShuiHou the man has seven ailments such as seven injury party", almost to preach square person's name and rank. Medicine on time, the first meal, lodge food drink, swallowing, sunset cutted swallowing wait for distinction. Internal medicine have wine, rice juice drinks, with plasma drinks, drum juice drinks, including pharynx juice, wine and drink, etc. External use have apply eye, ear, refers to fill the filling and coating nasal, alessio nasal, etc. In acupuncture treatment, also written on the chakras, the jiu LiuZhen method, acupuncture should avoid and patient age relations. Some are still record prices in the slips. In addition, some herbs, medical technique reflects such minority medicine xiongnu some experience.

The elixir square "has been embodies the thought of differentiation, especially with disease of different governance more, prescription refills more stringent, equal with acupuncture treatment drug. This book is not the general medical documents work, but its practical experience and drain when medical experience summary. Encyclopedia for a disease more than one style, each of which provisions listed party name, disease or syndrome, prescription name, quantity, pharmacy, charmed, taboos, etc. This involves comparing university.hense lower, simple guileless. Although the elixir of little space, text party few, but to study has an important significance of han medicine.

Four, the typhoid miscellaneous diseases theory"

ZhangZhongJing writes in eastern han not funded, epidemic disease, between Chang faint, death will hapen popular ZhangZhongJing discussed what heavy, in the background, the book compiled his motive and basis points out: "when families, more than 200 meal to xu, since the fabrication of Christian, not ten, and having its victim, three points have two, typhoid ten reside its seven, sense of the past, the decay of injured yao saved, but often ask mughal steal all the party, saying, with plain question, Tony nine volumes, difficult, 81 and theory, tire Lu medicine catalogue, with flat for the typhoid pulse differentiation miscellaneous diseases theory", folded six volumes ". This book is not long, order to violence and by were after cure too much make jade, uncle and rearrange dynasty • yiwen records, preserved. Lin billion, the preface treatise on febrile diseases such as line, said: "since 800 years, but zhong-jing WangShuHe can learn." Jin HuangFuMi think: ", modern cure too much to what ZhongJingXuan theory WangShuHe pick times of "pure, self-explanatory song lee dynasty", GaoZhan revision of the taiping leads WangShuHe views: "ZhangZhongJing square theory, dynasty • yiwen records for 36 volumes, made them big in the world" : to be also many physicians Ming and qing dynasty and approval. Therefore, scholars believe that the typhoid miscellaneous diseases theory "-- is divided into" treatise on febrile diseases and the golden casket "two certificates to WangShuHe arrangement, but the work. Since then, the book's title, volume and points to change, and repeatedly northern, beginning at the beginning to see book into two. "Open treasure, the secretariat of the blunt had logging into high, its texture ChuanCuo, and withheldest textual research." This refers to the treatise on febrile disease, "the academician, and WangZhu guan ge day in bachelor of quer-civorus Jane in the golden casket zhong-jing swathes of jade letter on three volumes. Fong is in distinguishing typhoid; while under miscellaneous diseases, theory of the party, and is carrying the woman" (SunJi healing, preface synopsis, fang), the for the golden casket to cough up "ZuBen. British ZongZhiPing two years (663), correction remedies such as SunJi, Lin billion bureau set AD avizandum after the song dynasty, which has become widely circulated treatise on febrile disease and synopsis of prescriptions of the two books, the former, the latter monograph monographs typhoid miscellaneous diseases. As for the typhoid miscellaneous diseases with two sides of "song had not previously colony, know precisely.

"Treatise on febrile diseases, 22 article encyclopedia of 10 volumes. Six-channel pulse license and cure disease is the major component of exogenous febrile disease - specifically discuss acute typhoid fever monographs. ZhangZhongJing drain the element, the theory of "ask heat treated by proofs for six-channel portion outline. Will the healer of disease symptoms, pulse hou, according to its efficacy to differentiate for unionizing list six different disease categories, the three Yin Yang even dirty prone within three of main and collateral channels, because outside of the weak and the patient's constitution pullbacks are different, and do not preach, straight, follow the more obscure and obscure, and disease, and disease such as different situation, established typhoid disease differentiation guiding principle. The treatment, according to its 4 diagnosis of material and income from the eight principles, to determine the etiology pathological understanding, will sweat money-raising under treatment for WenQing spit and extinction flexibly in eight method, during treatment with or single, or appreciates, legislation, then choose the application, drug use, and its more than 80 more drug prescriptions meissen, coordinating regularly, indications clear, curative effect is distinct, after the world as "by the party". Due to the great achievements in treatise on febrile disease, the later researchers a lot. Its annotated the diminution of the department (about success treatise "), square commentary, yu department (are holding the treatise of the cause of the JiaYan, yu is the article "), qiantang ZhangZhiCong the two CARDS are department (law, ZhangXiJu treatise on the mixing of treatise on febrile diseases straight solution. Three annotated system) Successive including Japan and other comments, play, square theory, including, miscellaneous song, it serves more than 670 waiting for its influence is bigger.

Synopsis of square theory ", the abbreviation synopsis of miscellaneous diseases, discussed the etiopathogenisis monographs. Encyclopedia, 25 articles 3 volumes), this paper discusses the acute fever vaious immunity-lower, all kinds of disease outside of disease and syndrome of science, law, square, medicine, etc. The first article of the zang-fu organs and meridians successively for pulse card, is the disease was primarily a theoretical foundation of the zang-fu organs and meridians, expounds the theory basis of the occurrence of syndrome and changes of the relationship of the zang-fu organs and meridians. The second to the 22nd article discussed lily fox and confused Yin and Yang poison disease, destiny disease, stroke calendar quarter disease and pregnancy illness, postpartum disease, woman more than 20 kinds of miscellaneous diseases, etc, class disease and syndrome. Mentioned by disease and syndrome internal unity of miscellaneous diseases is given priority to, they have special surgical salpigitis hold card all articles. The cause, a clear division synopsis for three, think: "a difficult, not thousands more three: darling by evil, main and collateral channels for the viscera in; they also, by nine qiao, veins limbs generation, congestion impassability, for which the skin also; three atrioventricular, gold blade, insect beast. This detailed injured by the illness is all, completely." On later cause theory to have direct inspiration.

Synopsis of prescriptions of the earliest extant version for yuan zaccur, and annotated quite a lot. In the yuan dynasty zhao with golden casket of yan yi "party earlier, and to clear the YouYi synopsis of heart, the most famous Canon", according to statistics successive annotation, play, square deals with song; also has over 100.

Treatise on febrile disease, not only in domestic synopsis in note home, research works for hundreds of generations research and treatment of acute fever followed by physicians, become their development, play medical theory and medical technology foundation, basis and education share textbooks. In foreign countries also have extensive and profound effects, such as Japan, not only collect and carved publication many treatise on febrile disease, and the rare by Japan to preach China and played a tremendous impact, and Japanese scholars research, annotation treatise on febrile disease, just the works to China and the existing successively with more than 60 also home. Be like again synopsis better version also has the collection in Japan, KeBen also many, Japan, study of physicians synopsis and books about the spread to China, has more than 10 kinds. About will treatise on febrile disease and reweave synopsis, square evolutionist, Japanese masters who circulate the monographs and nearly 20 species in China, thus ZhangZhongJing treatise on febrile disease in Japan with the synopsis wide and deep influence. The modern medicine in Japan, Japanese scholars today prosperous ZhangZhongJing still giving the typhoid miscellaneous diseases of theory with special attention, and study in clinical physicians in many, still attaches great importance to the book, and the application of original party has a good effect in the book, use the medicine, and also made square enigma trust for Japan.

(serial, to be continued)