Chinese history (three kingdoms in the northern and

southern dynasties) (jin serialize 36)

     The third quarter medical theory research and documents

     A, documents research

     Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) classics, the pre-qin dynasty to the han dynasty has quite rich. Three kingdoms in the northern and southern dynasties, many physicians jin of huangdi, "81 by", "typhoid hard miscellaneous diseases theory", the root of Chinese magnoliavine was ranked the medical classics literature such as sorting research or comments exposition.

     (a) LvGuang note "by" to 81

     When uriah kingdoms WuGuoChi between (A.D. 238 ~ 250 years), LvAn note "81 to cure too much by", and to the classical theory of medical article, also known finishing the first study classical literature works, pity has lost. The author LvGuang, word bo hope so because, sui, he turned from countries than LvBo, lushi said pulse learn, also wrote the "jade cabinet needle JinTaoYu by", "the" discrimination, all are books such as "peace mediator, leave the revision of the preface of jade cabinet needle.

     (2) WangShuHe arranges the typhoid miscellaneous diseases theory"

     ZhangZhongJing "typhoid miscellaneous diseases theory shortly after the release of" civil unrest or in war, namely ChuanChao errors and not complete, so extremely damaged collation of the book is necessary. The first engaged in such work, is renowned medical WangShuHe.

     In his treatise on febrile disease, said: "this display of zhong-jing old theory, recorded in the syndrome,'s pulse, timbres and sick really square to prevent the inspection god the urgent also." The research shows that the pulse, from the fall of typhoid fever, square, put to a few certificate in accordance with aspects, i.e., the spirit of ZhangZhongJing TDS. The current treatise on febrile disease this, it is generally thought that roll one, two "bian pulse act, the smooth pulse act, the typhoid examples of three papers and roll seven" bian not sweating disease of pulse license and governance, for WangShuHe under eight article that increase. Distinguishing the sun from the pulse license and cure disease on the cause of Yin and Yang yi sent to pulse license and cure disease "fourteen articles ZhangZhongJing, preserving of typhoid disease dialectically the main content, as well as treatment based on the main part of" treatise on febrile diseases. "Cause pulse card and not sweating disease to" the following eight papers, mainly from WangShuHe zhongjing alopecia research treatise on febrile disease, rev. With the thought of therapies analysis treatise on febrile disease endianness.

      WangShuHe arranges the typhoid to the theory of "miscellaneous diseases later about mixed, ZhiZeZhe necessary JiaYan israelis are still, yu represented, the Ming dynasty are holding the cause for the" treatise on febrile diseases, and holds the flat WangShuHe pulse "is the word, and praised the typhoid uncle and authenticate said, make ZhongLu examples of the way the data," investigate its insurgency, uncle and also is the chief SINS." So he put the treatise on febrile disease not speak the place of original, said WangShuHe dynasty • yiwen records the book into paper caused when. But, the most physicians WangShuHe finishing treatise on febrile disease of the evaluation, or relatively objective, the song dynasty Lin billion said: "since zhongjing remains, but uncle and 800 years can learn"; JinDaiCheng has said: "without zhongjing treatise on febrile disease have to show for the world, and not fall to the ground, the strength of the uncle and also"; Ming WangAnDao said: "uncle and display of zhong-jing scattered in the old theory, work great in writing, and it's also criticized in the book in its own speech noise; A jade regardless of subject-object phase disorderly, suspicion; Overall, because ZhangZhongJing life WangShuHe distance in relatively close, it should be the book, dynasty • yiwen records consolidation is close to the original zhongjing books. Not only shall be sure work handed book, and sweat, vomiting, jotting down, temperature, sting, moxibustion, water, fire, the comparison and analysis method of classification, also suit clinical use, more tenuous as 397 method, more realistic.

      (3) the yuan up note huangdi

     Work in the northern and southern dynasties, appeared in huangdi neijing books, namely between $all JiLiang since the "classic training solutions", this is known about the earliest huangdi neijing this work.

      Since the work all the yuan dynasty plain question "this, save, then lost after fashion disappeared. Today, from forest billion for the heavy revised wide plain question chi injection of see the yuan up with sufficient and arrangement of the volume of orders ZhuWen meditative and small amounts. For example, he explained in the grain asked · angry tongtian theory of "the wind guest pure is her breath, and wu, hurt liver also", said: "the yin-yang lewd gas, gas, because its messy, and the wind is disorderly, the hospitality of pure, pure is injured the injured and in liver also." "Yin gas" explanation for internal factors, "the wind guest" for the external condition, reasonably this paper clarifies the lesions mechanism. Be like again, on the theory of "plain question of" three fever is Yang meridians chung, but not their disease, so in dirty person the whole sentence, khan also "with" dirty "Fahrenheit" astringing "and explained:" the skin disease, began typhoid fever, gradually the cou justified, but not more than ZhuYang into house, we must send its cold sweat dispersed, also the "what is reasonable. Now although cannot see the yuan on the work of the plain question in this picture, the academic attainments peeping its also shown.

     (4) the root of Chinese magnoliavine was ranked annotations

     The TaoHongJing shennong, except BenCaoJing guo BenCaoJing preservation of the original drug 365 kinds outside of eastern han, after supplemented with what came of drug 365 surgeon.

     These four department classics literature, after LvGuang, WangShuHe, full yuan respectively TaoHongJing up, the sorting comments, preserved to circulate, TCM literature research, development and later had a profound influence.

     Second, pulse learn summary

      Three kingdoms in the northern and southern dynasties, jin pulse learn TCM diagnostics study appeared climax, generated a massive monographs. One of the WangShuHe written by "10 volumes pulse and systematically summarized the study knowledge at pulse, and there are many invention, is foundation of the TCM diagnostics pulse learning environment. In addition, the beam seven record ", "sui book of 1996-2 issue is volunteer, more than 10 kinds of pulse learn descriptive books although already lost, but can also see the prosperity of study at pulse condition.

     WangShuHe "by" on the pulse of the pulse learn summary

     WangShuHe written by ", it is the veins in the earliest extant pulse learning monographs, the book totally 10 volumes, 98 articles, about 10 million words. Collects clinical practice, for the first time to learn TCM pulse system theory, the article comprehensively laid a pulse foundation study. The veins of the academic achievement and contribution of, basically have the following several aspects:

1, established under the pulse condition refers to the standard of the pulse of medical record and classical before historical documents, such as neijing, shiji, the warehouse, the RAMS cadastral dre by ", "typhoid hard miscellaneous diseases in theory", although each has more than 20 or 30, but the lack of pulse name under pulse condition refers to, not on the clear concept standard.

      The first system of mai jing discusses various pulse condition, sums up for floating, Kou pulse, flood, and slippery, number, promote, string, tight, heavy, and fell, leather, solid, micro, astringent, fine, soft and weak, virtual, loose, slow, late, ", generation and dynamic 24, and accurate description of the pulse condition under different means of feeling. Such as predicate:

     "Float the pulse: for spare, press deficiency";

     "Sink the pulse: for the insufficient, according to spare";

     "Go, promote pulse: when the number of FuLai"; a

     "" when pulse: exchanges slow, a stop, FuLai". (WangShuHe: the mai jing ", roll a, pulse shape means 1, 2 page under secret, the late qing XinMao (1891) ChiYang zhou yearbooks this)

     The pulse condition, float and several relatively, raise the sink according to spare shortage dramatically reverse; Promote and "relative, pulse with a" though a check ", but there are a number of sensor as the obvious difference and delay. A few words, took it out, pulse condition characteristics description is concise and standard clear.

     24 pulse condition laid the foundation of the standard under's pulse refers to standardization. The pulse of TCM writings by generations of pulse condition after the description, all did not leave the basic concepts of pulse the sutra.

     2, pulse name lay foundation. Species

     The veins of ancient medical literature in the scattered carrying more than 30 kinds, based on pulse name things up for 24 pulse condition name, laid the foundation of pulse name sort of books, become the reduction in pulse of basic standards of and classification.

     3, first open first pulse condition identification.

     The pulse starts by "roll a pulse, then put forward after 24 Kou, strings and float and tight, leather and actual, slippery and number, heavy and volts, micro and astringent, soft and weak, late and slow eight groups of similar veins, identification of pulse of great significance. Such as heavy and volts, two veins are similar, but is heavy pressed pulse must show himself "very heavy refers to the bone is in accordance with the", WangShuHe: the mai jing (", roll a, pulse shape means 1, 2 page under secret, the late qing XinMao (1891) ChiYang zhou yearbooks), representing a sink the pulse, and heavy pressed the worse. Late pulse "breathing three to go to very late,", and inhibition of pulse "similar to go; but also late" and "small drove in late" pulse reveals similar pulse condition difference contrast scholarly attention, to avoid confusing, otherwise, "", the party for volts sank to slow to everlasting lovely; for late, is set to" (WangShuHe critically, the ": the veins, roll a, pulse shape means 1, 2 page under secret, the late qing XinMao (1891) ChiYang zhou yearbooks this). The pulse on later cause is very important enlightenment function.

       4, establish three department pulse method and viscera points wait positioning

    's pulse's in "take cunkou alone by", but "to the" did not solve difficult and close the inch palpation cunkou division, the ruler on the key problems. Until the eastern han dynasty last years, ZhangZhongJing still praise highly crowd, carbon monoxide, fu has Yang systemic three department pulse method, against's pulse handshake inferior foot, people "meet, fu has three part not participation Yang ZhangZhongJing: the" (he disease theory of typhoid fever, without the comments have adapted into treatise ", people's medical publishing house in 1956). The hands of pulse solved by the inch, pulse cunkou close, the ruler division and viscera points for problems such as Hudson, the clinical commonly used cunkou's pulse paving the road.

     The mai jing ", established the inch GuanChe three department cunkou pulse method, not only to put forward the three parts, each pulse bits and GuanChe is also established inches from weathering and viscera points of clinical application aspects system summary. The veins of the zang-fu organs and positioning of small intestine, all previous dynasties in addition to large discrepancy tri-jiao pulse bits, counsellor, slightly outside have been used for many years, become the important pulse learn TCM diagnostics is one component.

      5, summarize pulses clinical significance

      The clinical significance of different pulse condition, the mai jing "also made a large discuss: one is to advocate ill for pulse condition, such as the principle of" summary "late is cold, slow is virtual, flood is hot"; Second, in combination with the veins, pathogenesis, syndrome, comprehensive summarize treatment, such as "cunkou pulse slippery, YangShi, stuffed with warm spit inverse, appropriate HuShang, needle before taking the sun giant valve senna as" large provision. There are many valuable advocate ill pulses, such as "cunkou veins know who Kou Kou vomiting blood, the blood. Empty actions to the blood. Appropriate clothing bamboo skin soup, astragalus soup, moxibustion Shan blood in the void," says, so see blood, and to KouMai soup with astragalus boosting blood. "Destiny since string, pulse heat, string string number more than cold, micro is late for virtual, generation is dead", explain scattered patients with fever period pulse malaria, acetaminophen number after string string late. A sensor slows If see generations of scattered not neat pulse, is critically ill elephant. The pulse the "in the paper, such large clinical significance of pulses made a more systematic special summary, not only reflect the pulse condition pathology research at higher level, has reached today in clinically still has reference value.

      In short, the veins of the pulse at the "a comprehensive system of academic achievements summary of TCM, which laid a pulse learn pulse condition, based in pulse name advocate ill and pulse condition similar to identify, pulse also made an important contribution. The veins of the establishment of the "three part GuanChe discretion's pulse cunkou pulse bits and viscera points syndrome, solved cunkou pulse-taking principle of the key problems and promote the pulse method only take cunkou clinical applies generally. These achievements in China learn diagnostics laid the foundation of pulse.

      Three, acupuncture

      Jin and southern and northern dynasties period, acupuncture made significant progress in acupuncture, main show the establishment of the discipline.

     Acupuncture discipline establishment of the significant signs, it is in accordance with the spirit HuangFuMi acupuncture master barnado ", "grain asked" and "for MingTang caities which act" three books of acupuncture and moxibustion, reference "be taken an examination of the difficult and ancient medical literature by, summarizes the spring and autumn period has the experience and achievements, acupuncture huangdi acupuncture order to party b in the sutra, twelve books 128 article, set for a large part of acupuncture, China's earliest existing comprehensive system for Chinese acupuncture monograph on acupuncture the development has laid a solid foundation.

     This period of acupuncture, generally there are the following features:

     (a) acupuncture treatment of achievement

     1. HuangFuMi feishu theory: the development of the "party b in huangdi neijing more than 130 acupuncture point and the pulse of the" basis, 14, a comprehensive system supersession of increased to 349 generalization, each the acupuncture point a alias, location, and learning from, what, what the acupuncture depth, LiuZhen time, forbidden needle holes are first-class, after mistake thorn of specific load. Meridians permutation order, according to the head, face, ears, neck, shoulder, back, chest, abdomen, hand three Yin SAN Yang, foot three Yin and Yang meridians by three limbs to head, torso and arranged in heart and upward; Although hasn't fully combined with 14, but by combining feishu meridian, to open up new ways.

      "Party b of the accounts have alias by more than 70 points, image and accurately summarized the position and function of the acupoints characteristics.

     "Party b for 349 by" the position and location of a meridians method, there are specific accurate narrative, some according to patients with oral activities according to patients, some body to find such as location, intravenous distribution points positioning accuracy rate and improve has important significance.

     "Party b with the" more than 80 will decrease, the later rarely hole. These will point, mostly distributed in front-man, such as da-zhui hindquarters cadres for three Yang meridians with eat pulse will be, not only can cure du meridian this via "ridge strong reflex", etc, and disease and syndrome can treat all three Yang each of disease and syndrome, by the intersection point theory, not only for posterity investigation and determine the meridians provided the basis for expanding the scope of acupoint, also have important significance.

     2. Progress: the acupuncture operation method by party b to each of the acupuncture points, explains the depth and regulations. Used for 200 points LiuZhen time, also explained and regulations. Forbidden to mistakenly thorn points can needle, the consequences of expounding of the needle holes born consequences, stabbed by mistake has specific analysis.

     (2) moxibustion achievement

     Jin and southern and northern dynasties period, moxibustion therapy development is rapid, remarkable achievements. Among them, the elbow with ge hong ChenYanZhi backup nasty party "and" sketch square "is serious.

     In WangShuHe scholar-officials's before the intervention, the meridan, namely the mai jing "forward" moxibustion 100 strong, "said.

     The development of treatments for HuangFuMi sticks to review the contribution, also. "Party b to the number of joash, general each zhuang meridan for 3 ~ 5 strong, among them, head, face, neck, shoulder, back, for the place such as the three strong sticks; The brain, axillary, abdomen, many for moxibustion five strong; The most junior for Wells, only one strong point sticks; For most individuals da-zhui acupuncture point, moxibustion and strong; Individual HuanTiao etc, moxibustion points such as 50 strong. "Party b the sutra also proposed ban, and points out that mistakenly acupoint meridan bad consequence meridan.

     With acupuncture treatment of scholar-officials advocate for its rush card, a prominent feature. The elbow rear "were recorded, including acupuncture, first prescription 109, moxibustion foreign 99 first, widely used in inside, outside, women, son, facial features, the division such as 30 kinds of disease and syndrome, its effect, effect of moxibustion, operating, skill, avoid is appropriate, were fully discussed its main achievement, roughly can be classified into the following three points:

    (1) nasty card: the elbow rear with moxibustion put forward moxibustion treatment of stroke, evil dead, blackout, cold dampness, cholera, TuXie, YongJu, wild dog bites, scorpion sting FaJi card. Such jailer Armour acupuncture point was less, memory is convenient, easy meridan.

     (2) : the elbow patch Yin sticks with a strong, rear "three strong, five strong, seven strong is base. Then add in seven for multiple zhuang, zhuang, notoginseng for erqi 47 strong zhuang, etc., to the number of seven for Yang represent, double double. Its first after from Yin Yin, Yang Yang Yang governance, the therapeutic principles, such as Yin sticks with all manifested it is mainly for the academic ideas Yang.

     (3) moxibustion is not fixed, also with Amy every thing: "sticks" for ease of emergency elbow rear, except application moxibustion outside, in warehouse, also had no ai with bamboo radha, (yellow, wastepaper, as substitute. Among them, the bamboo radha, both the wick elliott, (yellow, and temperature iron role that no heat wick elliott goose, activate collaterals wait for a characteristic, therefore, they are the ideal substitute wick elliott. The rear in isolation of elbow every salt, garlic, every face, every tile joash enrollment for moxibustion treatment such as the diversification of sticks, open up new ways, becoming the first documentary meridan every thing.

     More on later generations of scholar-officials, he sticks to the development of treatments, influence greatly.

     After the ChenYanZhi "sketch scholar-officials square", and flexible application value jiu, he think moxibustion have easily and wide range of application, and the effect is good, etc.

     The sketch square "think, only appropriate amount, ability makes master fire along meridian to temper the lesion site. Fire, large amount of inflammable hurt the body; The fire had measured small temper cannot be reached, the lesion site, is not easy to play therapy effect. For a number of zhuang meridan, general requirement, but claims it according to regional, climate, constitution, respectively, the different treatment. Its use moxibustion strong number, up to 100, little only 14, namely the same kind of disease, also have 100 strong, 50 strong, with strong, or in three times a day with the difference between meridan. Location features are fewer but better.

(serial, to be continued)