Chinese history (sui tan period) (serial 48)

The fourth quarter the development of clinical medicine

A, medicine development studies

Second, surgical

Three, orthopedics

Four, gynecology and obstetrics

Five, the pediatric

Six, surgery

Seven, kouqiangke

Eight, acupuncture

Nine, the forensic science progress

A, medicine development studies

(a) typhus: sui tan period relevant typhoid pathogenic disease and typhoid doctrine of theory and practice, and this period is consistent with the development of the whole traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of summary and improve. Etiology, disease and syndrome and therapies and formulae, various aspects of knowledge are more extensive and rich, and a new progress.

1, typhoid concept, causes and prevention

The theory of "the pathogenic juxtaposed syndrome were put forward WenBing typhoid fever and fever, epidemics, hapen five category, independent into article discussed its etiology and different syndromes. Before this, the party after he was aspirated save of Assyria teats, typhoid fever and portion of phytophthora therapies, but in hapen the theory of "the pathogenic syndrome is clearly marked and concepts from WenBing, chi, epidemics will hapen from typhoid independent of. The secret of the outside Taiwan to classify tends to concise, divided into typhoid, days after sight, WenBing three categories. The causes of sui is not necessary, is constrained by four gas for typhoid, and with the gas of most kill fierce typhoid fever of orthodoxy. At the same time, and then put forward "soured gas" new idea.

(1) typhus "theory of" the pathogenic syndrome, said: "the disease but someone from typhoid fever touch the gas of the sick at cold poison, this is who reach others. If by dyed with, age, people feeling cool dishonor the gas of the grumpy old disease, this is easy," the multiphase dye it breaks through the winter always takes as typhoid causes of traditional, pointing out some typhoid disease have infectivity.

(2) WenBing, fever cause are first, FuHanChun hair. Secondly "winter after the festival, called the warm winter temperature, poison and typhoid is very different." Thirdly "people feeling grumpy old gas and ill, the disease is easy, gas turn dyed MieMen, stretching and strangers.

(3) the chi, epidemics in "the grumpy old gas hapen" as the main etiology, and points out that it has stronger infectivity, even "as a ghost and complete gas."

Sui tang physicians are agree typhoid fever and WenBing, etiology, different gas velocity should be different. However, its pathogenesis treatment, no significant difference seems. Can say this period of cold-temperate cent is unclear, but the clinical significance of later development of WenBingXue inspire undoubtedly.

The theory of "emphasize the pathogenic syndrome WenBing, typhoid fever and chi, epidemic disease is infectious, each hapen and pointed out the advance in both medicine. The tang dynasty to its seriously more. The dry gold YaoFang "and" the secret of Taiwan to avoid temperature are only very much, a square piece. Some drugs such as XiongHuang, calamus, still in the folk used today.

2, typhoid dialectical therapy and herbs

Typhoid disease diagnose the treatment to sui and tang dynasties time had great progress. Concise and easy to differentiation system. As the daughter of YaoFang according to its certificate BingShi depth emotion and in turn cause, for the skin, muscle, in the chest, in the stomach. Moab with cream, promoting therapies, appropriate vomit, appropriate, sweat under miscellaneous modulation and vomit after therapies for six types. Distinguish This period alopecia rich and colorful. Such as "the secret" outside Taiwan adopt, khan said their law is a cool, wet Zimbabwe; the special Zimbabwe Vomit method have the extreme, tepid similarities. XiaFa has cold, warm for next, tapping, and under what topped by water; Replenishing method is spirit, keep Yin, carambola, onyang etc. Especially in the most prominent, such as clear method XieBiao, cool, XinHan essien double solution, qingrejiedu exterior-interior relationship, clearing the thickener, cool blood under clear lung liquid and cough, qinggan retreat yellow, qingchang diarrhoea, pure in heart except vexed, raising Yin deficiency, such as heat back WenBingXue home later used these therapies, though, lack of theoretical summary has very extensive practical application.

The tang dynasty typhoid treatment to use another characteristic is anointed, sweating pills scattered typhoid fever such medicine. Typhoid fever "save sun-style think cure for your" quickly. The doctor when advance modulation, ready to urgent need medicine. The daughter YaoFang "and" the secret "are outside Taiwan description of a treatment of typhoid creams, pills, bulk. Many with tepid medicine composition, have impacted, there are also external use, used for typhoid new-onset. This little use, but in fact, typhoid early, and hiring plasters massage sweating for some empty skin disease, simple and curative effect quickly, side effect was small, is a very worthwhile therapies excavated.

Three, relevant treatise on febrile disease research

Sun simiao although exclamation "jiangnan the division ZhongJingFang do not preach" secret, but the daughter of YaoFang references for ZhongJingFang continued to be the typhoid fever party most. "The secret" typhoid each platform, only choose about first article ZhongJingFang card provisions concerning the pathogenic follows the syndrome of this syndrome after. Although other various therapies, but theres typhoid daily income of this article is not. Visible WangDao also depends on what is typhoid disease of zhong-jing therapies authentic. The sun simiao JinYiFang "not only for posterity thousands retained an more credible treatise on febrile disease, and by its unique version of understanding to research sheds, which not only affects its myself the treatment of typhoid disease, also on later generations of the doctrine of" treatise on febrile diseases far-reaching influence the development. Knowable sun simiao research treatise on febrile disease is the main method, the same article "square card than class its attached", (sun simiao "a thousand JinYiFang" volume 9, p. 97 people's medical publishing house, 1955), this was his "sun" disease research, particularly apparent. He will SiShiQiGe prescription is divided into seven categories, each in the party are named after therapies, such as guizhi decoction syndrome, square five 57 law. Later in this Israeli class card method to study the treatise on febrile disease person, thering is no lack of even basic inherited the name of the party.

Further think: "husband sun-style carelessness, but the search party three, a first, cassia twig, three are amboyna ephedra. This tripartite, who don't heal cold of radix condition. The next sweating, all is the spitting, not puzzled after the law, is to be" (sun simiao "a thousand JinYiFang" volume 9, p. 97, and people's health press, 1955), this kind of MaGui qinglong 3 laws on later are quite said influence. Jin · into fixtureless by yourself, Ming, qing dynasty, dividing, fang yu JiaYan etc people inherit, play and become "three cardinal guides tripartite confrontation," said.

4, to know some infectious diseases

(1) dysentery (diarrhea)

Ancient Chinese medicine talk ", often including celiac "with diarrhea symptoms of the disease. Before covering the sui under present the symptom such as purulent blood, symptoms than simple and general described often. But the sui, are in medical records about diarrhea is more specific. Such as "the pathogenic syndrome", the daughter of YaoFang "and" Taiwan "outside tie-rods contained secret are mentioned dysentery red white, or if the bad blood night sweats, or if the purulent blood Ti clip, or white pus that carry blood like fish on cerebral, and can have fever and abdominal pain thirsty, hind pain ZhiChong wait for disease. For chronic diarrhea also have certain understanding, the daughter of YaoFang called "cold dysentery", "long," the pathogenic celiac "syndrome theory" and the "secret" outside Taiwan said: "evil or move or silent, so its celiac at first glance, call the hair first diarrhea." rest (nest yuan square etc the theory of "roll the pathogenic syndrome, 17, p. 683 epitaphs 743 volume, Shanghai by press, 1986) the etiology of about dysentery, still with after eating fat diet is not greasy, hot gas exogenous quarter and said, more attention for the patients themselves gastrointestinal weak.

This period of shigella what the law has for the rich, "Taiwan" contained in secret for more than 150 celiac square first. Qingrejiedu except is still the main method of treatment of bacterium dysentery. Zhongjing "Chinese bulbul soup" in the basis of sophora flavescens, increased to elm, bezoar the use of traditional medicine. Convergence solid acerbity, onyang help transportation, enriching qi, and elimination methods such as a guide to further play.

(2) jaundice (contagious hepatitis and disease)

Sui · the theory of "the pathogenic syndrome do mention" days "yellow" lesions separate disease "huang one, share and wait. And the daughter YaoFang would "jaundice" into "typhoid", "the secret of Taiwan to" jaundice "into" WenBing "were expounded. In other disease classification tends to benefit under the condition of PE designed thin, makest "jaundice" WenBing Li listed on the typhoid fever, that under the tang dynasty, its already realized the infectious, epidemic disease.

This time the understanding of jaundice before symptoms than a more comprehensive, the daughter YaoFang "yellow" article "typhoid mentioned in the clinical manifestations of jaundice face bore a: a yellow as orange, urinate such as strong boiled cortex phellodendri liquid, or red less adverse, vibration cold, heat, thirst, oh, and my heart Ao thick, self-interest or move bowels to shut, good lie not moved, already long became yellow peach heart was strong, though, under no inverse, diet, ou, body all yellow, forehead black, abdominal full and wheezing, defecate black, pond inner-leakage. Including the present contagious hepatitis, cirrhosis and so on many kinds of disease development process and its different signs and symptoms of illness period. The theory of "the pathogenic syndrome also mentions the" urgent yellow throat "" valley of spleen qi depression are hot, because hot evaporate", he added, so poisoned yellow, heart full natural life for asthma, in, so the cloud urgent yellow also. This is shrinking of acute yellow to correctly describe the liver.

This period of jaundice in heat treatment of wet, cholagogue retreat yellow primarily. On the basis of ChenHao soup ZhongJingYin aggravating the use of clear heat antidote, such as cortex phellodendri, rhizoma coptidis, radix scutellariae, plaster, altogether, LongDanCao etc.

(3) insect disease (intestinal parasitic diseases)

About insect disease records of the most notable is to the parasite disease and tapeworm disease recognition. In the sui in medical embryonated called snake or tapeworm. Points out the insect long five, six inches or a foot or so, disease sends is abdominal pain, abdominal can have mass uplift, can move a paroxysmal, pain. May also cause heart department sting and nauseous drilling water, heavy then damage pulse can cause heart deaths. This will more accurately describes the intestinal parasite disease and biliary disease. The main symptom of embryonated Solium called white bug or inch white worm, points out that inch white worm "long one inch and white complexion, form small flat" which is actually tapeworm, and thought it was the relationship in mulberry branch by "through his unripe beef foreman (born) and food for corn," or "food raw fish......" Come on. Modern research found that fiber insect disease and eating raw pig, ox, fish have relations.

Worm disease treatment experience and insecticides usage is also valuable. TCM clinical commonly used today in the most expensively raised YaoFang "and the" secret "the outside Taiwan found in insecticidal square. Like areca, ray pill, the crane cootie, melia japonica real, pomegranate root, Bian storage, son, and XiangFeiZi, petunia penetration lasalle, spike, etc. And also stressed insecticides should be taken on an empty stomach. In addition, biliary tapeworm disease Hui with vinegar Ann, intestinal tapeworm mass use sesame oil runchang priorities, scattered solution, still worm body commonly used method for folk.

(2) medical miscellaneous diseases:

The sui tan period, medical miscellaneous diseases have developed rapidly, reflects the internist miscellaneous diseases of disease and syndrome features more accurately, the description that understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis, syndrome differentiation and more system more thorough, the treatment is more effective, and created a many prescription.

1 of disease and syndrome, though you were described

This period attach more importance to each specific disease diagnosis of description and to determine the disease, and more standardized. If, when the patient XiaoKeBing obviously angular, thirsty, urine more for disease named, as in the "in" YaoFang for urgent daughter has been firmly records. The secret to quench outside Taiwan, sui "in door led away between ancient enrollment celebrated the medical home record prescriptions" said: "thirsty and drinking water more, urinate number, nonfat like bran piece of XiaoKeBing also are sweet." Is medical literature XiaoKeBing urine sweet in the earliest record.

And as beriberi, this period has been on its symptoms in detail. The theory of "the pathogenic syndrome accounts: early plays, little, diet, when ripe strength of ezer as. Its shape since knee to feet have unfeeling, or if, or Yin Yin polio-free, like a moth flanges, or toes that's knee voluminous tibial; Or feet, or weak and do not bowed slightly swollen, or cool cold, or the pain, or slow, or bi twin acute longitudinal things; If the slow, then on to the abdomen, into the abdomen or swollen, or not is swollen, chest, gas and stalking, full of murder. "Here beriberi symptoms, and recorded not only detailed already found bruises, or not swollen and rushed the heart disease, and today the clinical beriberi dry beriberi, wet beriberi portion heart consistent with beriberi blunt.

2, the understanding pathogenesis and syndrome differentiation

The book the pathogenic wait theory systematically expounds various medical miscellaneous diseases of the etiology, pathogenesis of internal common diseases in some aspect of theory, can break through previous opinions, puts forward some new ideas, cite several examples are outlined below:

Edema. Since "the pathogenic ShuiZhongBing syndrome, the theory of the beginning of the first syndrome as various water" edema "the floorboard of the disease. Nest's hand think "water sick by kidney deficiency, spleen is also"; rig On the other hand attach more importance to the role of spleen in weakness, in his book, several emphasized the spleen, leading to the water making not "water pan into the key" swollen spleen, the author put the important role in edema and pathogenesis, mentioned with pulmonary renal equal important position. Drench card "syndrome, the pathogenic syndrome of Kings of gonorrhoea explicitly proposes drench card illness in kidney and bladder a, and discusses the relationship between them, expounded the mechanism of symptoms occur. He said: "all those by kidney and rain, heat the bladder." "Kidney empty is urinate number, bladder heat is underwater acerbity. Several and astringent, then shower drain not as propaganda. So for rain." In the nest's kidney deficiency, bladder hot for mark for posterity pathogenesis analysis, which most physicians become Pope, the main clinical diagnosis and pathological bases shower card. Meanwhile, also with the drench different pathogenesis properties is discussed, and points out: "gas drench person, kidney bang bilge heat bilges act also"; "Hot shower, who have hot, gas tri-jiao in kidney, inflows in cardiac cell and become drench also"; "The Lord, kidney stone drench water, water and then into stone, reason renal guest sand, kidney empty for heat by", "the anointed drench the kidney not made in... fat liquid"; "Labor drench act, refers to any case kidney-qi ministry born hot shower," also into different drench card for clinical treatment proposed the theoretical basis.

In YaoFang dialectical side, the daughter of zang-fu organs and for the outline to internal of miscellaneous diseases, and listed in cold for eye, narrative unionizing the internist miscellaneous diseases treatment and various card shape classification system similar to modern press in the miscellaneous diseases, understanding of the inductive aspects in is a large progress. Such as "prepare urgent daughter YaoFang" eleventh volume theory in "" liver, points out that it is unprotected" liver heat, "" real," real "rig treating liver cold empty" and "treating all virtual" iv, according to this classification. Kennedy in "disease accumulation") in the next section, respectively, describes the "man woman cold, internal accumulation" cold sex accumulation and "internal accumulation, wears impassability, gas heart, belly bulge on rob, inverse against eating" with the real heat accumulation.

Three, clinical treatment of play

The sui tan period of miscellaneous diseases because in the internal pathogenesis and dialectical understanding have larger development, prompted in treatment of overall play and more productive, cite several examples are outlined below:

Thirsting disorder. The YaoFang for urgent daughter of drug therapies, posted in quench treatment, including proprietary reach 52 first with pollen, dwarf lilyturf, radix rehmanniae, rhizoma coptidis, etc. The product which is using heat The secret of the stage to quench syndromes according to performance, complications, and the prognosis of XiaoKeBing divided into different, will be 14 kinds of syndrome differentiation type, ed., square, the commonly used medicine has 177 first ginseng, pollen, rhizoma coptidis, liquorice, dwarf lilyturf, altogether, r., etc. Sun simiao think XiaoKeBing "urinate than drinking" internal mechanism of elimination, "the valley is to eliminate urinate." food This view is XiaoKeBing diet therapy offers theoretical basis. WangDao diet therapy for the implementation of the specific requirements, and puts forward that "syndrome abdomen empty, product first hunger is food," opposition to eat, but patients unlimited advocate "appetite less and number. Not many" to bolton and eat much less a reasonable eating method, then to explain its importance of diet therapy has certain understanding.

These. Sun simiao in the daughter YaoFang "and" thousands of JinYiFang ErMen, divided into vomiting blood and urinetoplasma ratio in the treatment of sun-style eeking, a large collection of various treatments and folk unilaterally prescriptions, acupuncture treatment, etc. In particular, sun simiao to use direct pressure blood than actions with burn burger hemostatic method, not only can play the immediate treatment, and have been the effect of the traditional esteem, and the treatment used today, is still a good method of blood actions.

Edema. The daughter of YaoFang in succession neijing "open ghosts door, clean house, to Wan Chen Cuo" theory and the theory of ShuiZhongBing zhong-jing treatment based on the experience of had new development. One method of promoting every to ephedra sinica, windbreak, ginger, such XieBiao live alone, and often and delight the kidney, spleen yiqi solid form, pale permeability, eliminating phlegm such suits to Daniel drug compatibility combined application lung, and manage or extinction inside methods of water portion refund swollen extinction. The syndrome is often combined with water treatment and medication, compatibility different lapactic detumescence of herbal medicinal powder, ZhongJun a pig) syndromes black pills, musk MaZi Fried and poria cocos scattered, bolus, such as musk, Ian scattered in suichuan genkwanin in water, poria cocos pill chase, Ian hence, MangXiao genkwanin diarrhoea water, we can retreat water detumescence. Meanwhile, recorded in the book of sun-style also useful therapies and diet therapy outside the experience. Swelling Accelerate the if use moxibustion, the anointed method, the realization method, curative effect wash. Food therapy have food and medicine or those who have cakes and predators, such as soy beans Fried food cooked with wine Fried clothing. Black bean for end do porridge, etc. Also useful quality such as carp flesh beings sheep and lung, pig kidney cooked or join the drugs, all in ShuiZhongBing menacing modulation plays a role.

Poor nutrition venereal card, this period for gall disease, beriberi kind of disease and syndrome treatment and has accumulated some new experience, such as internal SongJi prescriptions for gall, a commonly used deer Ye since, and with the increase Ye, sheep Ye sheep Ye more easily than deer in specific application more and seaweed, kelp, more can improve and tongfang curative effects; In addition to using turtleback Chu bark (with rachitic, the valley cooked porridge medium-vigorous vines) Fried soup to combat beriberi and live with ephedra sinica, alone, windbreak, prevent already, asarum, shu pepper, WuRongYu treatment such as beriberi. Modern research these drugs are rich in each this disease lack of related ingredients or vitamin etc.

(serial, to be continued)