Chinese history (sui tan period) (serial 57)

The ninth festival medical literature

Sui and tang dynasties time national unity, economic and cultural prosperity, the summary and development for medical create the necessary conditions. Motherland medicine in medical theory, pharmaceutical, pharmacology and comprehensive development of clinical departments, on the basis of summarizing the compiling consolidation appear trend. History of an unprecedented comprehensive medical classics in the book were required to appear more epitomized in this period, documents, clinical departments as the works and summarizing monographs are great progress on later medicine, has had a significant impact.

One, the theory of "the pathogenic syndrome

The theory of "the pathogenic syndrome, referred to as the" nest ", another name's pathogenic the nest's theory of the pathogenic syndrome ", the syndrome of the pathogenic nanjin. Sui greatundertaking years, sui cure too much in dr ennui and nest yuan party WuJingXian etc compilation. Sui greatundertaking six years (610) books. Fifty volumes, encyclopedia of 67 door. This book is our country the first ed., miserable by the justice of collective writes medical theory works. The book the earliest extant version for the yuan KeBen, common version is 1955. People's medical publishing house photocopy.

The theory of "the pathogenic syndrome of syndromes in 1739 etiology, pathogenesis, the paper made a specific disease. Acquisition of disease and syndrome of each disease, all the unprecedented etiology and pathology classification of expatiates described symptoms with high level also. In the book for the outline, each with disease of disease, points BeiZhong under concept, disease and syndrome of the etiology and pathogenesis and syndrome include: medical problems, facial features disease and syndrome, surgery, the problems, and go skin, anorectal diseases; And gynecology, obstetrics every syndrome, infantile disease. Its theory in etiology syndromes, details involved in prevention, habits, guiding, external treatment and some surgical technique, basic not load formulae.

The book of the motherland medicine have various contributions, in former etiology and pathology of the development theory. Mountain area gall disease is consumed the "sand lack iodine, etc, and on water" of a disease, outcome of a detailed description of observation and system accurately, highlighting the disease of the special in clinical syndromes, differential diagnosis is significant.

In the syndrome of sui taxonomic before disease and syndrome pay records, classify, make the systematic. The book also introduces abdominal surgery. Such as: im anastomosis, wound, vascular ligatures decompression was performed in ancient China, reflects the surgical reach higher levels.

The theory of "the pathogenic syndrome in ancient China leads record kept many precious medical material, later on this book was very necessary to push, also a foreign medical effects.

However, the theory of "the pathogenic syndrome is our country the first cause symptoms learn book, academic value high.

Second, the universal assorts party"

"All party", simplified the assorts assorts square ": Ed, writing of the miserable emperor yangdi in sui drawn between (605 ~ 618), encyclopedia 2600 roll of.

The book, first seen in the sui books on the list 1996-2 issue tzu chi, old tang book 1996-2 issue, "and the" book of new category, a description of renewal. The tang dynasty "and" new fix materia, of the song of issuing materia medica, to ones have quoted nine, this book (721) after Zhi remaining. Tianbao eleven years in hong WangDao measured 752), read this book have seen hall because of sui and tang dynasties, but have not been extensively applied, in addition, printing, and custody, many large BingXian influence spread and chaos, the book after tang dynasty lost.

Third, the "yellow emperor too element"

The "yellow emperor too element", simplified "too element", alias "HuangDiTai element". Between the medical home Yang sui good compilation. The "yellow emperor too element" is 18 (huangdi neijing an encyclopedia of total 20 article editions, respectively, and its contents, Yin and Yang, human joining habits, Tibetan mansion, meridians, acu-points and clinical camp guard gas, body degrees, diagnosis weathering and syndrome, set square, nine needle, filling diarrhea; Typhoid fever, chills and fever, evil theory, the wind theory, gas theory, miscellaneous diseases. In the early tang dynasty government hosted on Yang set good finishing school, the ancient books young book too element on the basis of original 20 papers, supplemented expansion after 30 volumes, domestic once lost. Southern But the book too element was introduced into Japan soon, soon. The early 19th century BenRen and temple etc, GuBen "too element" after it was found in succession, cause the attention of scholars in our country. Emperor guangxu 6 to 10 years (1880-1966 1884) Chinese scholars YangShouJing ~ my) in Japan (xing YingLu but return visit book of the book, and the textual research, annotation, collating work. The existing too element has been part of incomplete, 1987 Japan for good edition copy of Oriental medicine version. Best series Our common version for people's medical publishing house in 1955 XiaoYanPing LanLingTang according to this photocopy.

"Too element" is classification annotation, collating huangdi's early works. Book neijing, cite the original, the most close in existing remedies and preserving the ancient faces, many classical medical record of liancheng, usable from the plain question today "and" spirit ", to study barnado higher huangdi neijing reference value.

Four, the YaoFang "for urgent daughter

The YaoFang "for urgent daughter, hereinafter referred to as the daughter square" (" the daughter of the party for the YaoFang "for urgent daughter as somebody also put the daughter, YaoFang" and "the thousand JinYiFang" known collectively as the daughter square "), alias "the daughter YaoFang". Donald YuYongHui writes about sun simiao (652) into three.

"Prepare urgent daughter YaoFang" since the tang dynasty to modern, Chinese and foreign FanKe version has more than 40 kinds of can be roughly divided into two classes. The original text books without calibration are northern bureau Lin billion, or such yearbooks version, all of those by yearbooks 30 volumes this ". Otherwise 93 volumes this, is in the middle of Ming dynasty taoists according to early DaoCang "this and the northern song dynasty made this yearbooks chromatography and into. Existing earlier version for the jiajing 1543) hillock twenty-two years (QiaoShiNing KeBen mountain room; Japan JiaYong two years (1849) edo medical shadow for beautiful this song this also. In 1955 and 1982. People's medical publishing house according to edo medical this twice publishing a photocopy. The second for detailed annotated and excerpts from this.

The book 30 volumes this content, volume 1 for medicine, including medical ethics, nanjin materia medica, pharmaceutical, etc.; Volume 2 ~ 4 department salpigitis hold; (5 for including; Volume for 7 disease; Roll 7 ~ 8 concerning the wind beriberi; Volume 9 ~ 10 for typhoid; Volume 11 ~ 20 for visceral disease theory; Volume of the rain closed nearly 21 disease; Roll 22 for sore haq, examined Roll ZhiLou 23 department; Volume and concerning detoxification and miscellaneous cure; Roll for urgent for the 25 intraoperative; Volume 26 ~ 27 are fed governance and raises a gender; Roll 28 flat veins; Roll 29 ~ 30 acupuncture caities which act, amounting to 233 &indications door, including square theory, and more than 5,300 first cent card column square compile style. The tang dynasty in the book before systematically summarized, based on the extensive medical breakthroughs, times and rich content in clinical departments and acupuncture, healthcare, drugs and prevention, health care, etc. The book has described by party a, prescriptions are China's first set, have cut the medicine with French medicine, following ZhangZhongJing opus "typhoid miscellaneous diseases theory", our country medicine after another summary in our history, was regarded as the earliest clinical medical encyclopedia.

Five, the new fix materia"

The new fix materia ", hereinafter referred to as the tang of materia medica, and name of the British male materia ", TangXianQing played two years (1352) SuJing editing, the government of tang dynasty materia medica, please SuJing 23 people is fabricated writes to fix, show celebrates the four years (659) the seventeenth completed all compilation task. Encyclopedia volume of 54, is divided into three parts. "Text" namely "new practice of generic materia medica, directory, 1 (20 volumes; Medicine figure 25 (, directory 1 roll; The graph, the book by "7 roll up by the government of tang dynasty, after the national, thought to be circulating 400, medicinal according to the years.

In the book "the medicine drawing" seven volumes already lost when he strangled the northern song dynasty. The graph of the "are already long, but some of the content of the shu herbal monographs on JinYiFang of liancheng and" a thousand books, the second part of the original text of the book, but text through though are recorded in herbal monographs leads in recent years has been basically retained, domestic and Japanese scholars made many JiYi, textual research work. A complete series of Japan this have a "heavy album Wolfgang west new fix materia". ShangZhiJun "Donald new fix materia" album this in 1981 by anhui science and technology publishing.

The new fix materia "text part includes sequence cases and 850 kind of medicine, TaoHongJing" BenCaoJing than 114 kinds of new drug of mixing, points jade, grass, wood, animals, insects, fish, fruit, vegetables, rice, famous nine categories such as useless. Introduce drug flavour, sex, good poison, indications, usage, alias, origin, etc, to the fine print outline form. Not carried the content of ancient, content to be supplemented YouWuZhe, heavy add revision, have high academic value. "The medicine figure" is based on the announcements around the crude drawing illustration-a before, this is our country the tang dynasty, drug source most retrospect the most abundant color drug mapping. The graph is the medicine in the sutra text of drawing ", introduces the drug form, origin, CaiYao etc, in order to distinguishes similarities and differences. The new practice "with more drugs materia medica textual research and rich pharmaceutical knowledge won the respect of the Chinese and foreign medicine, and a profound influence on the later development of materia medica.

Six, "a thousand JinYiFang"

"A thousand JinYiFang", tang sun simiao, about two years YuYongChun writes publication (682). The author sets of three decades later the experience, to make up for the daughter YaoFang opus early plug is insufficient, reason of wing parties. Name

The book 30 volumes, in the northern song dynasty to its present innings calibration editions will be corrected, and the national publication. Since song dynasty in China, copy nearly twenty seals 11-13. Japan except with Chinese six version collection of Japanese FanKe outside, still have two good version, existing version, with wanli thirty-three years (1,605) KeBen best king Ken hall. 1955. People's medical publishing house according to edo medicine copy of this turn out more common.

"A thousand JinYiFang" encyclopedia volume, including 189 door 30. Close square, theory, neither more than 2,900 first. Volume 1 ~ 4 concerning drugs, lead the tang of recorded most of materia medica content, (5 ~ 6 department woman disease; Volume 9 ~ 10 discusses typhoid; Volume 11 for pediatric disease; Volume 12 ~ 15 paper health and longevity. Embodies the ancient prolong life theory combined with against diseases, heal the characteristic. Volumes 16 ~ 25 discusses stroke, miscellaneous diseases, polymer carbuncle, etc.; Volume 26 ~ 28 department acupuncture; 29 ~ 30 for forbidden roll by, though there a ban, but also curse art of psychotherapy thering is no lack of content.

"A thousand JinYiFang" discusses systematically the typhoid six-channel differentiation, medicine, surgery miscellaneous diseases old sores is swollen, complexion, braided don't Yin and Yang unionizing exterior-interior aspects and treatment technology has provided valuable experience.

The book and the YaoFang for urgent daughter "was called Chinese clinical medical encyclopedia, in our country has a far-reaching influence medical history.

Seven, the month of king medicine diagnosis

The month of king medicine diagnosis of the Sanskrit name POTS clatters loudly raza "(" Somaratsa") DaiWei Tibetan name to the gate jie "(" sMan - bhutto dpvad ZLa - ba 'I rGyal - Po"), is our country the oldest CangYiXue classificationcof classics.

About the battery on the source of king medicine, different versions. First, by han monk on medical mahath and from han "jamie lane in after the tubo, mahath brought into Tibetan. (DeGe edition of the month after king medicine diagnosis of sequence); Second, the company SangJieJia cuo according to the month, DiYiBaiYiShi three chapters of king medicine diagnosis recorded thinks the book from wutai mountain, thirdly, from TCM books said. "The Turk MingJian WangTong lineage record on July 1 O years, AD: princess brings kinds of work Ji books. These books by the medical books han monk medical salmon Mahagyinda), gold reach (Tibetan doctors Joan cloth assiduously (Khyun - Po Tsetse), Joan cloth Khyun - Po general zhu (tshugs), Angle Dam - RCog - la sliding ba (sMan - pa), translated into Tibetan. "Month" is the king medicine diagnosis translation of the most important one.

Accordingly, the month of TCM medicine diagnosis from king book is out of question. From content analysis, it is the original version, TCM the experience and the Tibetan village in Tibetan, at the same time, theory of absorbing the tianzhu medicine content and theory.

According to the calculation, the month of may was king medicine diagnosis the eighth century to compile. The month of king medicine diagnosis, because there are three kinds of different translation versions 120 chapter, the 115 chapter, an hundred and ten chapters: don't.

The month of king medicine diagnosis in human physiology tectonically, tells the story of the brain structures, shape, size and bone, limbs, spine, muscle and the derrnatopathy; The physiological function aspects about lung, ChiBa prominence to three factors, bacon, physiological and pathological plays a major role, and coordination of the life activities of the qi is power; The disease causes, illuminates the internal factors are the three factors of disorders. External living discomfort, life is undeserved, demons impelled; In disease classification, reduced to cold venereal with hot venereal two categories; In the diagnosis of disease are put forward on the lookout, smell, cut diagnosis; Summarized in treatment on internal and external two therapies.

In pharmaceutical, recorded more than one thousand kinds of single drug, formula, classified as cold sex with hot sex two categories, and with the cold venereal with hot clinical cure venereal paired. To powder, ointment, decoction, CuiTuJi lapactic agent, pulse agent, Schwartz, shortening elixir to wait for more than 10 kinds of forms made 1929. In addition to the food's nutrition therapy, are reviewed; For food and drug poisonings and prevent also made a record.

The book also some dregs, remains to be discarded.

The month of CangYiXue king medicine diagnosis is the foundation work, is the oldest ancient tibetanmedicine works. It CangYiXue origin, for research to study early history, CangYiXue and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), tianzhu (now India) medical mutual relationships, all have the important reference value.

Eight, compendium of materia shortage"

The compendium of materia medica, hereinafter referred to as the "poems", alias "poems of materia medica zang ware Chen. Tang chung Tibetan wares in the twenty-seventh year ones 739 writes.) (

This collection of materia medica, sequence cases 1 (books, poems, 6 (3 (plural remedy. Because the book to pick up the new fix materia compose tang of drugs for gist, missing with "poems" name is. The book has been lost. But had been various medical books references. The Japanese heart square ", medical song of the certificate of materia medica Ming compendium of materia medica edition books such as many, the main content in the political class kept in "JiJiao ShangZhongJun materia medica of this compendium of materia monograph by southern medical school in 1983 YouYinBen spread scientific research division collectors around.

Encyclopedia is divided into three parts, sequence equivalent of part of case, recording "ten agents" content. "Medicine has, the compensation and propaganda discharge, light and heavy, astringent, smooth, dry and wet ten agent. Shortage of drug 692 posted a part. Divided into stone, wood, hay, beast birds, fruits &vegetables meters and other department, every medicine content points medicines, sexual flavour, toxicity, efficacy, indications, origin, drug form, tightly and so on a. The compendium of materia medica of tang poems is the second in the new fix an important materia of herbal works.

Nine, "dietotherapy materia"

"Dietotherapy materia", Donald agreeable freedom in order to TangChangAn meng between (701 ~ ZhangDing again in ones 704km) (721 ~ 739) from a shall be supplemented materia medica (according to "Carrie" cite the watershed book there years, this leads the agreeable freedom collection time learning meng after ZhangDing YuKaiYuan square of nine ~ 27 years, so a backordered food pills primarily, renamed "dietotherapy herbal monographs, monteggia original book of herbal 138 types of zhang add 89, the article, close for 227).

The encyclopedia of herbal supplements, the original three rolls of Zhi salonnieres, this has the card catalogue of liancheng its herbal "and" heart of medical book, fang qing emperor guangxu thirty-three years (1907) British stein found the book in dunhuang mogao grottoes, the ancient codex as well as a great many from pomegranate to esculenta schott 26 altogether drug clauses that existing London museum. 1930 Japan investigation, school of tail wansan can determined the book, with "dietotherapy materia investigation" name. Divided into two plait, encyclopedia of drug-loading 241 kind of development, is one of the first album this. This KaoQiu again after such a state jazer the herbal supplements of liancheng circulating, album after this book. Encyclopedia were recorded three volumes, 260 drugs, and merges similar provisions to work in 1984 by accident, suspected by people's medical publishing house.

This collection BenCaoXue works, rich in content, drug more practical, suit in tang dynasty more comprehensive nutrition and food to book, collected many early in the book of materia medica absence of special food and drug. According to order book was arranged, and analysis, this paper function, records) to identify similarities and differences, taboo, contained unilaterally. Listed for drugs, more food is commonly used food, pickles, fruit, meat, etc in the food raises, reflects the dirty, viscera therapy thoughts.

Ten, the secret to "outside Taiwan

The platform ", the secret of the platform, the simplified and name of the secret YaoFang outside Taiwan. Donald YuTianBao WangDao order to eleven years (752).

The book is, however, for the book of zhongjings prescriptions important medical classics. The author long-term management hong rodman museum, extensive contact with lots of ancient medical record, after ten year, order to this masterpiece. For two years (northern flat by correction remedies innings) 663 calibration publication. So far more than ten FanKe many times, existing clock version. After the founding of the people's medical publishing house was twice copy.

The secret to the stage of the tang dynasty and collected before tang dynasty dozens of medical literature, 40, no, points encyclopedia of door, 515 posted over 6000 first zhongjings prescriptions. Volume 1 ~ 2 for typhoid; Volume 3 ~ 6 discusses days WenBing, malaria, do; such as cholera Roll 7 ~ 20 department medical diseases; Roll for 21 ~ 22 eyes, ears, nose, tooth the secco diseases; Volume of 23 to 24 gallae with, YongJu; Volume 25 ~ 27 for dysentery the disease; Roll in 28 ~ 30 is evil, evil JinChuang, sores, roll CaiYao, 31 ~ 32 discusses the disease spread and facial shot; Roll 33 ~ 34 discusses woman disease; Roll 35 ~ 36 for pediatric disease; Volume 37 ~ 38 theory milk stone; Roll 39 ~ 40 load MingTang moxibustion. The first, which is more of the rear of the theory of the pathogenic syndrome adapted from "the daughter of zhongjings prescriptions album of a party", the selected various books, each strip details under the titles and the books will be random. This guide book marked volume first method of studying and the arrangement of the medical literature for book collects origination, steal their party theory, YuBaoCun ancient medical literature aspect efficacy outstanding. Such as "nearly effect square", "effective", "baruch embalmed dude numerous square", "deep division square", "sketch square", "bone steaming disease moxibustion" fang, were more without preaching today on this book can be preserved. Although be a bun album, but its conserving ancient works than the merit of zhongjings prescriptions has made great contributions to our motherland medicine.

Eleven, the heavy wide fill note yellow emperor grain asked"

The heavy wide fill note huangbu classic element asked ", hereinafter referred to as the grain asked ", alias "the yellow emperor grain q", "The Times note yellow emperor grain asked," Donald wang2 bing note in baoying reign (762).

The grain asked "department wang2 bing rearrange dynasty • yiwen records and annotation huangdi grain asked part and into. The grain asked "original book nine volumes, 81 articles. Since the han to the tang, by increasing ChuanChao repeatedly, to change, already "title overlap, tang dynasty before XuanGe methods of Aaron, not execute not easy, lanceolate, will easily difficult. (wang2 bing "heavy wide plain question patch note yellow emperor preface to people's medical publishing house in 1963) depending on the yuan's in the study of training solutions since, according to the element to ask of the comment, and therefore dynasty • yiwen records, the Japan times note of old Tibetan volume division seven papers, and to add great ory of cut off, righteousness, reduction of the breastpiece by not in theory for valuable in the migration; The fall short of self-explanatory unknown.etc measure their interests, and expounded. Last twelve years in tang baoying reign (762) complete this a great change in the scriptures, collects, attitude rigorously. "Whoever ZhuShu added words, all the text, make this ancient will points, word not kiss knead" (WangYang "heavy wide plain question patch note yellow emperor preface, P7. People's medical publishing house in 1963, first edition). In the comments, widely cited various ancient books, to the original detailed notes. Northern song dynasty correction remedies such person in the bureau Lin billion two years (fine bestowed on the book zilin 1057). Since then despite the various versions of evolution fits or points or; but this based on both the.

The book meal asked repeatedly widespread, a good edition sanpo tenshoho shinan for the jiajing all twenty-nine years (1550) doubled from wuling's song KeBen regardless. 1956 and 1963 regardless of people's medical publishing house twice from Germany, according to this collating published a photocopy.

Twelve, the four medical classics

The four medical classics and say the name of zhongjings prescriptions four renewal is referred to as the "hidden" (" rGyud - bzhi "), is CangYiXue treasure of Chinese medicine, is a classic CangYiXue home NingMa vedic, famous GongBu waiting. $Dan In one century, writing about the four medical classics divided into four parts, encyclopedia of 156 chapter, project was about more than words. The first "fundamental" (the medical rTsa - rgyud ") of six chapters, overview of human physiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment; The second part of the paper "(the medical rgyud Shad - 31 chapter of") is introduced, and the physiology anatomy, disease classification and treatment principle; The third "secret" (the Man - medical ngag - rgyud "), the paper of ninety-two chapter of clinical vaious immunity-lower disease diagnosis and treatment; The fourth film "the subsequent" (the medical Phyi - ma - rgyud "), mainly discusses 27 chapter of the diagnosis, pulse and urine the compatibility of prescription drugs, drug processing, function, delivery methods and accelerate the (bloodletting, moxibustion, fire moxibustion, topical, dial the pot), etc.

The four medical classics posted 440 tripartite, single drug prescriptions 02 dries, according to the drug source, texture, habitat, medicine at different into valuable antipsychotic drugs, gem type, soil type, wood kind, essence kind, in class (refers to the ground, the grass type) of crops such as animal medicine, 8 categories of. And on the drug's sexual flavour, processing made records. The author believes drug growth and five elements (earth, water, fire, wind, empty) have close relations; And drugs into hot sex and cold sex two kinds, with cold sex pills for adise the typhoid use hot sexual medicine, for the treatment of Chinese medicine theory, this and temperament.

Encyclopedia, from physiological to pathology, ChiBa avalon permeated with three major factors, bacon, the derrnatopathy qi theory semi-interior phase, with Tibetan ethnic characteristics, some of which have the disease is peculiar, some plateau has failed to find any in western medicine in the horse or any, Tibetan about embryology understanding, considered by the combination of pure mother father blood, develop gradually rise, and from simple to complex, eventually forming fetus. Tibetan in embryological aspects in the world know the history of biology is very advanced.

The four medical classics in writing process, the author summarized the experience in national medicine and absorb lessons from the han nationality medicine, ancient India and big food medical part theory and medical results. After each generation, after publication of the house of CangYiXue trainingand, supplement and annotation, arrangement and more hasten is detailed perfected. Until the 12th century A.D., the old yu tuo ten iii tou yu, small offspring GongBu tou yu Dan ($$GongBu), the author Dan revised, become fully TongHangBen of future generations.

The four medical classics is a profound influence on the development of Tibetan foundation work, the traditional it as medical guidelines, is required textbook, the Tibetan of its academic position of han nationality in huangdi neijing.

The four medical classics KeBen is the earliest version of "firm in 1573", when leah in 1867, 1688 twice the reprint this spread, YaoWangShan version of 1892 ", "the eighteenth century, followed by MengWen version is in abroad has been partly or clips to release into Russia, Japan, Britain, Germany and so on many kinds of words, 1983 and 1987 by people's medical publishing house and successively in Shanghai science and technology press press version. Other points

13 and the renewal of Daniel broken party wounds

The renewal of Daniel broken party wounds, and name the fairy Daniel cut wounds renewal award "and" the secret Lin that Daniel cut wounds renewal immortal award. "fang Donald writes Lin that.

The book is our country the oldest orthopedics monographs. This spread the earliest version for Ming hongwu period (1368 ~ 1398) KeBen. In 1957 HongWuBen. People's medical publishing house according to DaoCang this to close schools, published this type. This version is the fairy grant cut wounds renewal Daniel secret ", "fairy granted surgical prescription", "the fairy preach surgical square" three books Taiwan version.

The renewal of Daniel is broken party wounds scientifically summarized in tang dynasty before go achievements, focuses on the fracture and joint dislocation of the therapeutic principles and methods. Also collecting more than 40 zhongjings prescriptions, including soups, first scattered, Dan, pills, stick a medicine, lotion and internal medicine, has good curative effect, suit the essencial etiopathogenesis rule. Clinical Fractures later generations of early appropriate for activating blood circulation and eliminating stasis, also be the book influence said. The book was more joint dislocation flaps create, to shoulder dislocation of the hip and shoulder dislocation flaps chair reset method ", "has a great influence on later generations. The yuan dynasty dangerous also Lin "frame ladder reset method" and the present clinical used for chronic joint dislocated "improvement and so dangerous's law".

Fourteen, "produced by the effect of treasure

"The effect of production, and the precious treasure" in name. Donald Zan Yin YuDaZhong between (847 ~ writes 852). The book for our country the earliest extant obstetrician monographs. The introduction of worship in mesh, description of three volumes. Song MingJian versions to yuan after already salonnieres, who were, by the ship bridge's medical million to more than 320 assorts "album, KeBen spread in the party. The existing main version has the late qing dynasty for three years (1877) shadow KeBen. People's medical publishing house in 1955 the shadow emperor guangxu period, northern, according to published a photocopy.

In the treasure "3 volumes, points, 371 fong. 52 articles This to raise tyres, anarchy, Ann tyres, food avoid, evil resistance, quickened restlessness, blood and body cell leakage under the abdominal distention and childbirth swell disease. Especially for horizontal production, DaoChan be introduced. In 1974, the treatment of diseases of obstetric various paper prescriptions altogether with 25 articles. At the end of the book ZhouTing "teach recorded others jiaoji nasty party theory" and the "LiShiZhong, guo taxation of the 21st card". Otherwise "postpartum 18 concerning party", these are before song dynasty maternity classics, have the important reference value.

Fifteen, "by" the cranial Xin

The Xin via "is the cranial pediatric works, not to pick people. The Ji sung history biography, fang han dynasty and the beginning of Xin carried by the "teacher wu cranial. General thinks the book is famous wizard who gave tang torre works. After the Ming dynasty were. Now see the cranial Xin in qing dynasty the sutra of si ku quan shu repairs the from yongle dadian ZuBen wanted out this for. Basically has the existing versions of si ku quan shu album this 2 (1959 people's health publishing a photocopy.

Encyclopedia anarchy and split into two roll paper pulse method, infantile disease and syndrome, treatment and pediatric disease special diagnosis and differential methods, and pediatric surprised, Gan and intraoperational, epilepsy, such as diarrhea, fire Dan issuing discuss; pay 1974 load fire Dan (erysipelas) 15 hou, in secret recipe, project treatment 16 19 square issuing. By the method, the book I wish the contents of retained early remedies.

16, dunhuang cultural relic historical the medicine

The dunhuang art treasure, rich precious medicine murals and examination papers suicide.

(a) the medical content co-founded locust murals

The surviving, forty-five thousand square meters 492 a grotto fresco in the sui tan, for most. Colorful murals at dunhuang, reflects the reality, medicine and health is an important component.

1, exercising movement

XiWei · first 285 grotto, XiBi positive picture has 14 above the niches of WaiDao bodhisattva zen and amplitude image, left seven picture meditation moral beliefs, and similar "internal", "the static reactive"; 7 picture on the right attitude, seemingly imitating animals five birds I snap, slightly nearly "WaiGong" and "dynamic reactive," Indian attire are wearing bodhisattva, reflects the blend, India BeiLiang qigong · first 272 grotto painting have a picture of 40 people similar continuity of action images, guided each side 20 people, divided into four groups by five people, a group, overall, give a person with a complete picture of the image guided acrobatics.

2, health care

BeiZhou · first 290 grotto person handwriting phi phi's top east, painted two clean figure in another compound, cleaning the toilet inside a roof with flowers and trees within stool, yard and quiet enviroment and pure and fresh. BeiZhou · first 296 grotto and sui tang dynasty, the first 302 grotto and some the fukuda JingBian "painting, painted affixed with Wells, Wells around even built fences to keep water hygiene. Sui · first 302 grotto the fukuda JingBian "in, the picture has two planted with trees around naked in the bathroom bath. The tang dynasty first 445 grotto, the tonsure of JingBian maitreya figure, described the monks and nuns had when the scene, patriarchal razor haircut, the shoulder shawl capital to collect special grosses disc, beside him lay filled the foam pot and water refined foam basin, in order to have a haircut and shampoo at after the haircut has seen very exquisite sanitation. Article 159 grotto in Donald JingBian south wall of the maitreya picture has a picture, a monk wiped tooth graph naked body around his neck scarf, left hand hold net bottle, to the forefinger of gear that displays wiped around and bath, shampoo, razor etc picture. The grotto in the tubo period (built in tang dynasty), the 781 ~ 847 figure is the world's earliest surviving wiped tooth aspects. The other, in the late tang dynasty 196 grotto (built XiBi 892 ~ 893) the fatigue degree of holy cross fights variable declarations, draw has left the net bottle degree fork, brushing teeth wood right hand map. In China on written records and wiped the first gear in the northern and southern dynasties LiuJun beam generation writes book of estates. The dunhuang paintings that not only in China, brushing figure in the tang dynasty, and already more common brushing with real image, that the Chinese is the world the first to use a toothbrush and brushing one of the countries.

3 diagnosis and treatment of disease

BeiZhou · first KuKu top north east 296 beatles JingBian ", "fukuda there is a picture of a buddhist" often according to joash the disease "LiaoJiu pharmaceutical, pesticide and draw, the two families to hold the map to the patients, half lay behind one feed drugs, patients JianYao, doctors are drug cans in aside, it is carefully examining a painting was rare pictures. The disease medication The tang dynasty to the stonework of 217, medical chart, according to the lotus sutra is by "in" such as sick medical "scripture describe. A mother children got emergency, worrying trot hire a maid here old doctor, medical child holding medical appliance, followed up with a call of emersion the vivid image of doctor pay at that time.

(2) the medical literature dunhuang suicide

In 1900, dunhuang mogao grottoes scripture-storing cave and found inside sealed 900 years of nearly 50,000 roll six dynasties and the sui tan period recorded papers written books, now called "dunhuang suicide, which includes" all aspects of Chinese ancient culture, is thirty century cultural history of the important discovery. This batch of precious relics in found shortly after a large number of outflow, among them with the British and the DaoJie BoXiHe stein of examination papers (now Numbers for S and P) most, presently hides museum and Paris, London, England national library, for the arrangement of medical roll dunhuang suicide, before the founding of the LuoZhenYu photocopying has recorded BenCaoJing mixing sequence kaiyuan hand-written type ", "as well as a great many LuoFuYi herbal supplements," as well as a great many of the YingXie XiChui ancient FangJi books as well as a great many assembly ", all of the original volume replicas of the LiuMingShu after wang guowei, for their part, such as well as a great many of cataloging and write his comments inscribed, some Chinese and foreign scholars published individual as well as a great many research paper. Nearly have according to microfilm systematically sorting and study monographs dunhuang suicide, the medical roll professor ancient medical books medical mistakes "and" the dunhuang published so far, essence, dunhuang seen at least sixty narrator medicine as well as a great many high volume above, the academic value.

1, dunhuang general medical examination paper suicide

(1) medical classics

Medical classics residual taste 10 volumes, content including neijing, treatise on febrile disease, the fragment of mai jing xuan feeling and the pulse MingTang completely by ", "about", "the five zang-organs theory", and "ping pulse slightly."

P. 3481 volumes, incomplete, and the end of emperor taizong hand-written for before examination. Content for the zang-fu organs and disease, spirit atlas pullbacks fractal "as well as a great many.

P. 3287 volumes, incomplete, and the end GaoZongShi test for tang content is mainly discusses hand-written, three part nine pulse method, wait two feeling inside pulse disease, pulse and four seasons therapeutic similar pulse condition, the dirty Lord the king's pulse method and cunkou advocate ill, pulse division of the syndrome differentiation and treatment etc. Pulse

S. 202 volumes, incomplete, test for early up when the song, content and writing this "treatise on febrile diseases · distinguishes pulse law article about the same.

P. 4733 volumes, the first full tail lacks, JuanShou topic title "by" a pulse xuan feeling. Roll" Test for learning, tang Sue swim in TangRuiZong to five dynasties period copy. Its contents first article lack of item, the Lord concerning's pulse parts. In time Article 2 a bibliography "twisting under pulse refers to pulse name of heavy pulse form", the Lord concerning's pulse method, pulse condition change and prognosis of the relationship, 24 kinds of disease veins and arteries and veins of 6 kinds of death shall mean image. The third article listed bibliography "yin-yang inverse take volt", pity text only to save line.

P. 3655 volumes, basic integrity, ordinal transcribing "MingTang five zang-organs theory", "7 table three part eight miles of pulse", "green MaiJue uriah the son of three books. Test for early writing. The theory of "of MingTang completely according to the first general bacteria, times of five points article visceral. Volume three people in a LvGuang led the "jade cabinet wu, push the" needle in liancheng writes in the six dynasties should be. "Seven table three part eight miles of pulse" Lord seven table disease, eight kinds of disease and inch, shut in three parts, the ruler of the pulse condition, seen MaiJue uriah the son of youth, Lord theory's pulse method are two papers GeJue form, edited and frequency of the MaiJue WangShuHe basic and same.

S. 5614 volumes. The first full tail, ordinal transcribing "completely lack of" a roll of, "ping" a roll pulse slightly cases, the pulse class five syndrome Yin and Yang of multiplication "and" accounted for five zang-organs syndrome "for fifth crackling hand-written source. The theory of "five veins for sui or early when the works. Its content for center, deals with visceral holistic concept, causes, zhangfu dialectic, tunnel medicinal materials, drug cannon moxibustion identification, common disease, the characters and the medication zhongjings prescriptions assorts "volume four" five zang-organs theory "is roughly same, but relatively its integrity. "Ping pulse slightly examples of main contents for's pulse method and positioning, 24 nadis and 19 species of pulse advocate ill. The five zang-organs pulse syndrome Yin and Yang of multiplication of the five main theory of five elements attributes, pulse weathering and physiological pathology. Each dirty born grams of illness and influence prognosis. The five zang-organs timbres source of syndrome "main content is facial features, five volunteers, the change of the respect such as integrated, to know where till five zang-organs lesions.

(2) acupuncture

Acupuncture as well as a great many, including the six volumes for the "rush moxibustion xinji and moxibustion therapy figure, etc.

P. 2675 volumes. The first full tail lacks, transcribing in the book "volume on the back of Yin and Yang, according to the book title" salty two years... the write down ". To illustrate the roll in AD 861 years copy. Body painting to have positive humanoid meridians with lead, the upper body figure, place, mark acupuncture point name chief and moxibustion, coexistence 17 points, lower body graphics has defect, who recorded after acupuncture and part 6168 god taboos, s. and s. 6262 two volumes, book number section, for up to incomplete fracture. Somehow, like in the title and writes for Chinese codex, test the two volumes, the original book for a infer painted with the human body acupuncture point of moxibustion therapy are each mapping, human body figure on the back side or chart before every figure ink written is the main cure certificate, use acupuncture point name and moxibustion strong number, humanoid figure interior point written by acupuncture, figure with fuses marker holes name and parts. Many defects, still pictures could identify 18 figure. The plan

(3) materia

Materia as well as a great many, including "the seven volumes BenCaoJing guo", "new fix materia", "dietotherapy materia", etc. Dragon 530 volumes, presently hides LongGu university library in Japan. The first full, basic complete residual tail. "BenCaoJing guo" volume one, content including prescient sequence, sequence an example this article and tao note. According to JuanMo copy time, said written for ones six years (718); Avoid tang said according to not so for six literatures, and product hand-written.

(4) cure

More than thirty volumes of zhongjings prescriptions as well as a great many, there were recorded nearly a thousand square first. Among them, some questions have title, some necessary for Chinese characteristic, most of the signature is required to know the title and writes.

(5) Tibetan volumes

In 1983, LuoBingFen and huangbu whoever compiled and published the tubo medical literature dunhuang editing ". CangYiXue home by baal, strong red column concluded the dunhuang grottoes adduction unearthed in Tibetan copying four volumes of Tibetan literature tubo period.

2, dunhuang suicide academic value of medical examination paper

(1) rich before and after sui medical classics

Judging from the era of medical examination paper, dunhuang is mainly the sui tan, the compilation time some hand-written earlier, many are now all we can see in the earliest original volume codex. If the 3287 roll. P. meal asked "contents, the patch note" is wang bing dynasty • yiwen records of plain question chi before words. P. 3481 volumes, is the oldest of the spirit by the atlas segments. S. 202 volume and p. 3287 coils in song dynasty, is part of the school set text treatise on febrile disease before. P. 3714 volumes, is the new fix materia "recently, than ever think of ancient codex editions of the most ancient Japanese earlies more than sixty years.

With content is concerned, there are many dunhuang medical papers are the first to show and did not see the handed down from ancient times, even most in the sui known ShiZhiZhong nor records. If p. 3477 "xuan feeling mai jing" volume, p. 3655 "MingTang five zang-organs theory", "green" volume MaiJue uriah the son. S. 5614 volumes of "ping pulse slightly example" and "five zang-organs syndrome Yin and Yang of multiplication pulse of the 2675 p. for urgent moxibustion the sutra xinji roll 6168 moxibustion therapy, s., p., maps 3378" miscellaneous cure disease prescription "volume, and other most zhongjings prescriptions as well as a great many.

(2) JiYi, textual research for proofreading, and provide valuable information

Dunhuang medical examination papers discourse and close to their original state, handed down for a variety of the ancient medical books provides early basis zilin. If 3287 volume and wang2 bing p. "plain question time note three part nine syndrome, theory of" mutual school, this "the king of the month" disease, make the note translation-theories; "The dunhuang roll the disease", between our lighting, p. 3481 "spirit, zang-fu barnado pullbacks of illness, dunhuang fractal mutual school pulse" micro slow roll lung for paralysis, air leakage ", verifiable "spirit in the sutra" micro slow barnado for are the refuge of the weak, fistula, partial wind "of the" fistula "word for YanWen.

Some of the important medical record in China, the original books are only in later generations earlier, works of liancheng, dunhuang volume leads have retained by the original book for these ancient ancient codex, the JiYi provide reliable data, such as the government of tang dynasty in A.D. 659 years to issue "the new practice of our country and herbal is first countries in the world since the song dynasty, the original book pharmacopoeia earlier editions, only after without the herbal works in song dynasty in liancheng, p. leads have 3714, s. 4534 and p. 3822 three volumes, but the book ChuanXie this early.

The lower limit of the dunhuang papers in AD copy 1060 years, mostly is tang to textual hand-written maintains provides a strong basis. Like past of song this treatise on febrile disease, cause of pulse method "and" typhoid example "two articles, have considered the original jotting WangShuHe, think is written, also have considered high following what oftener, lasalle or into, s. 202 and p. 3287 volumes of discovery, proof high following the secondary and into no yourself said inaccuracies.

(3) reflect the sui tan medical academic achievement

Dunhuang medical classics as well as a great many, reflecting the sui tan medical theory and pulse learning achievement. If p. 3655 volumes of old, MingTang "one word make QueDang explanation:" bright person, the life also hindquarters also ". Hall Meaning "MingTang" refers to the living human body. P. 3477 volumes for the proposed pulse two basic techniques, one is to take, hind lift dick sink float to take, by means of experience with roots rootless pulse; The second hand for early take, then gently float taken, sink gradually take, means, is tailored to the five zang-organs pulses of clinical practical.

In acupuncture examination papers, p. 2675 and s. 6168, s. 6262 three volumes are painted meridians maps of written two moxibustion therapy monographs tang dynasty, it is also the best preserved ancient Chinese acupuncture figure kind, p. 2675 coils in the first recorded a moxibustion erjian Yin will point administering eye red sore "pannus moxibustion live god put to hurry to death, moxibustion yellow so hand, foot two eyebrow and heart to treat winds disease. This book in two eyebrow invented erjian and than now make the chakras, recognition of the acupuncture dacheng "(called erjian caves, seven hundred years earlier point yintang).

In materia examination papers, the guo BenCaoJing dragon 530, as well as a great many of traditional Chinese medicine into stone, grass, insect, animal, fruit, meters, creates drugs such as natural attributes of drug producing area, a classification, acquisition, processing, Fried charmed, authenticity identification, the disease general medicine, drug detoxification, medication food avoid, seven emotions are terrible detail evil. This paper shows the earliest record 18th against drugs. Dunhuang examination papers also reflects the tang dynasty, such as the popular tunnels medicinal materials 5614, p. s. 3930 2882, and p. a. mentioned three volumes ShangCai windbreak, Hanoi, jiangning taishan tuckahoe, radix rehmanniae, huashan raspberry, etc. Note also the tang dynasty the input, such as foreign drug 3378 volumes of p., pelaiah li li phya Michael, Michael o 3930 volumes), p. row in the selectivity fragrance. S. 4534 volume, this life mentioned til DaWan: s. 76 roll ShiMi mentioned in. The good, the Persian GaoChangRen edible, elm.

Zhongjings prescriptions as well as a great many, mostly six dynasties, sui tan physicians, involving the experience of clinical departments effective party. If 2662 coils in governance. P. in the fumatory not refund the fever, radix scutellariae, radix soup (altogether, gypsum, rhubarb, MangXiao, cohosh, big green, mast son and herbaceous), and reconciliation, heat, purgation in party: p. 3930 volumes in heart, guangxi, pu yellow, angelica root for postpartum hemolysis abdominal pain, rhizoma coptidis, PiaoXiao governance, alum, yellow were restless red ear discharging, "to send the ashes, keel BiNv, asarum continous for toothache, all wrapped topical governance are unique. In emergency, p. 3596 coils in najaf, and record with pen of artificial respiration barking gas mouth unable to rescue "death" method of the head, face, with volts under water from nose mouth out to rescue drowning method of "death." In treatment techniques, p. 2882 coils in recorded a tianbao seven years (748) by zhang preaching external treatment enema method: to fill medicine made of skins, the bursa bag flowing with bamboo, bamboo of anus and then sent to fill medicine; S. 5435 roll with reeds recorded for insert catheter, with cheese, put to defecate sheep bile enema impassability.

(4) extremely valuable ancient Tibetan literature

The Tibetan volumes, dunhuang suicide so far have seen one of the earliest situations in Tibet. From 127 rolls of P.T. "combined XiangXiong written in the therapy XiangXiong is written" perspective, the center of the ancient tubo ethical culture, is the earliest origin. Tibetan Judging from the curling Tibetan style in bashan, strong red column considered nine century before the second set of Tibetan literature.

Dunhuang Tibetan volume reflects the tubo, achievement, when the Tibetan for research and development CangYiXue, enrich the motherland medicine treasure, provides extremely valuable historical materials. Coils in deals with eye yellow, meat yellow, actions, such as blood, encephalitis, and hot faint adise borneol, saffron, rhubarb, explain the treatment such as Tibet have icteric, encephalitis at diseases, the drug also popular is valid. Volume also describes the saffron, hidden calamus, blunt crack, tang's g.says silver lotus lotus etc clematis, the application of Tibetan tunnel with herbs and cattle, sheep, dogs, bear, horse, fish, griffin, eagle animal hair, horns and hoofs, leather, meat, dirty, grease, bravery, etc to treat disease, reflects some of the Tibetan features.

Dunhuang Tibetan volume reflects the tang dynasty Tibetan, han medical communication and Indian, Persian, the introduction of medicine. Roll on fire moxibustion therapy in determination of meridians, one inch, two points and five strong, seven strong is obviously recorded by the influence of Chinese medical. I.O. 56, volume 57, treatment chills and menstruation, adopted "han wine." 1044 JuanWei P.T., explicitly pointed out that this volume is from India to collect the therapy; 127 JuanWei P.T. "turks, mention the cone needle where can also cut thorn bloodletting. This not only explains Tibetan are continuously absorbing foreign medical achievements of this nation, rich with medical, also reflects the various medical extensive exchanges in tang dynasty.

(serial, to be continued)